Exam I - Rashes Flashcards
describe rash of measles
maculopapular rash that begins on face and proceeds downward and outward, affecting palms and soles last
measles:
- when does prodrome start after infection
- what is the prodrome
7-18 days
rash, leukopenia, fever, cough, coryza, conjuctivities
koplik spots on buccal mucosa are pathognomonic for what dz
measles
clinical presentation for rubella
when does it occur after exposure
2-3 days of exanthem rash, 14-17 days after exposure
enlargement of cervical, suboccipital, and postauricular glands
what risks does rubella pose to the fetus
microcephaly, congenital heart dz, deafness
describe rash of rubella
exanthem
- erythematous macules and papules appearing initially on face and spreading to trunk, arms, legs, in 24 hours
desquamation may follow resolution of rash
clinical presentation of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
- “slapped cheek” appearance
- circumoral pallor (pale area around mouth)
- rash
- malaise, HA, pruritis
describe rash of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
lacy, maculopapular, evanescent rash on trunk and limbs
what risks does parvovirus B19 pose to the fetus
hydrops fetalis and fetal loss
symptoms of parvovirus in adults
symmetric polyarthritis (looks like RA, SLE, sjogrens)
aplastic crisis
symptoms of stage 1 lyme dz
erythema migrans (bullseye lesion) 1 week after tick bite
followed by viral-like illness (myalgias, arthralgias, headache, fatigue, might have fever)
symptoms of stage 2 lyme dz
early disseminated infection (weeks to months later)
bacteremia
secondary skin lesions w/ malaise, fever, fatigue, HA, neck pain
4-10% with myopericarditis
10-15% with neurologic manifestations
symptoms of stage 3 lyme dz
later persistent infection (months to years later)
MSK manifestations (arthritis)
neurologic manifestations (rare)
acrodermatitis chronicum atrophicans (rare)
incubation period for EBV
30-50 days
sx infectious mononucleosis
- malaise, fever, sore throat
- palatal petechiae, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, maculopapular rash
- bilateral upper lid edema (hoagland sign)
hoagland sign (bilateral upper lid edema) is indicative of what dz
infectious mononucleosis
incubation period and sx of rocky mountain spotted fever
2-14 days
fever, chills, HA, nausea, vomiting
followed by cough and pneumonitis
rash
describe rash of rocky mountain spotted fever
begins as a faint macule that progresses to large maculopapules and often petechiae
begins on wrists and ankles, involves palms and soles, and spreads to arms, legs, and trunk
describe the skin manifestations of syphilis
diffuse rash that may include palms and soles, macular, papular, pustular, and combinations
condyloma lata
painless, silvery ulcerations of mucous membranes w/ surrounding erythema
describe rash of hand, foot, and mouth syndrome
vesicular eruption on palms and soles
lesions start as bright pink macules and papules that progress to small vesicles w/ surrounding erythema
vesicles quickly erode and form yellow to gray oval or “football shaped” erosions w/ erythematous halo
rash on palms, soles, buttocks, external genitalia
complications of cocksackie (HFMS)
1) epidemic pleurodynia
2) aseptic meningitis
3) acute pericarditis
describe skin manifestations of TSS
diffuse macular erythematous rash
desquamation on palms and soles during recovery
describe rash of scarlett fever
puncate, red, involves hands and feet
prominent on neck, axilla, groin, skin folds
circumoral pallor (around mouth)
fine desquamation
describe rash of erythema multiforme
“target” lesions predominantly on face and extremities
clinical presentation of erythema multiforme
mild prodromal sx
hx of HSV
targetoid lesions
describe how erythema multiforme affects the oral cavity
mostly on the lips, on both cutaneous and mucosal sides
hard palate is usually spared, as are the attached gingivae
describe rash of varicella
begins on face and scalp and spreads rapidly to the trunk, relative sparing of the extremities
***progresses sequentially from rose-colored macules to papules, vesicles, pustules, and crusts
***lesions of all stages are usually present at the same time
describe skin manifesrations of pemphigus vulgaris
flaccid blister that can occur anywhere on the skin, but typically not the palms or soles
blisters are fragile
describe rash of gonoccemia
small to medium sized macules, or more typically hemorrhagic vesicopustules on an erythematous base located on palms and soles
lesions may have necrotic centers
“gun metal gray”
describe rash of meningococcemia
rose-colored macules and papules, waxes and wanes with periodic fevers
what vasculitides have palpable purpura
- SLE
- sjogren’s
- henoch-scholein
- RA
what infectious processes have palpable purpura
- meningococcemia
- gonoccemia
- RMSF
- endocarditis
what conditions have non-palpable purpura
- ITP
- TTP
- DIC
- clotting factor defects
describe appearance of basal cell CA
pearly papule, erythematous patch, non-healing ulcer
telangiectatic vessels visible
describe appearance of squamous cell CA
nonhealing ulcer or warty nodule
small, red, conical, hard nodule
most common locations for melanoma on men and women
men: back
women: lower extremities, then trunk
