Exam I (Chapters 1, 2, 4, and 5) Flashcards
psychology
a science that describes and explains how we think, feel, and act; the science and behavior of mental processes
John Locke and the blank state theory
english philosopher/physician, born august 1632
blank slate- theory that the human mind at birth is a blank slate without rules for processing data
Wilhelm Wundt and the birth of psychology
said that psych is the science of mental life, he conducted the first experiment in 1879 (which serves as the birth of psychology)
William James and functionalism
studied human thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, and asked what functions they served and how they could have helped our ancestors survive
emphasized the function of something rather than human consciousness
introspection
a process by which a person looks inward at their mental processes (thoughts, feelings, etc.) to gain insight into how their mind works
structuralism
the study of the structure of the conscious mind
how did Edward Titchener relate introspection and structuralism
he tried to use introspection to structure the mind
Mary Calkins
was admitted into William James’ grad seminar at Harvard (by James, against the will of Harvard), became the first female president of the APA
Margaret Washburn
first woman to earn her PhD in psych, the second woman to serve as the APA president
Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalysis
emphasized the power of the unconscious mind and the influence of early childhood experiences on behavior and personality
believed dreams contained hidden meanings and symbols
free association
free association
say exactly what you are thinking, it will reveal what your unconscious brain is thinking
psychosexual stages of development
oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
oral (psychosexual stages of development)
Year 1
dependency needs
anal (psychosexual stages of development)
Year 1 - Year 3
potty training; control
analretentive vs analexpulsive
analretentive (anal, psychosexual stages of development)
parents get mad if accidents happen and kid basically gets OCD as an adult
analexpulsive (anal, psychosexual stages of development)
parents are too lax about potty training, kid is super chill as a result (but so chill that it is a recurring issue later in life)
phallic (psychosexual stages of development)
Year 3 - Year 5
Oedipus complex (if a boy)
Electra complex (if a girl)
basically; development of moral consciousness, says that girl can not develop a moral conscious because they do not have a fear of castration of testicles because they do not have balls
oedipus complex (phallic, psychosexual stages of development)
solved through castration anxiety (scared that dad will fuck up their balls if they replace their dad)
latency (psychosexual stages of development)
elementary years
genital (psychosexual stages of development)
middle, high school
seek attachment outside of the family
john watson
classical conditioning
classical conditioning
learning process when two stimuli are repeatedly paired together
phobias develop through classical conditioning (i.e. lightning and thunder)
b.f. skinner
operant conditioning
operant conditioning
associate action or behavior with consequence