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AATBS EPPP 2017 !! > Exam Errors > Flashcards

Exam Errors Flashcards

1
Q

Incremental validity

A

HIGH criterion-related validity coefficient

LOW selection ratio (lots of applicants for few positions)

MOD base rate (selection technique = moderately accurate)

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2
Q

Delirium vs psychosis

A

Delirium=Sx random, haphazard, rapid onset

Psychosis=Sx systematized

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3
Q

Ohio State U Behavior of leaders

A

Imitating structure (task-orientation)

Consideration (person-orientation)

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4
Q

MMPI scales

A

K - Korrection (defensiveness)

L - lie

F - inFrequency

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5
Q

Adult Attachment Interview

A
  • Autonomous = describes parent + or - and gives examples (Child –> secure)
  • Dismissing = describes parent + but no examples (Child –> avoidant)
  • Preoccupied = - or confused description, no examples (Child –> resistant
  • Unresolved/disorganized (Child –>disorganized/disoriented)
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6
Q

Cross’ Black Racial ID Model

A
  1. Pre-encounter
  2. Encounter
  3. Immersion-Emersion
  4. Internalization
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7
Q

Fiedler’s Contingency model

A

Characteristics of work situation (affect ability to lead)

Leader-member relations ***most important

Task structure Leaders position power

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8
Q

Transtheoretical model

A
  • Pre-contemplation: cons outweigh pros
  • Contemplation: “ “ “
  • Preparation: pros=cons
  • Action: pros outweigh cons
  • Maintenance: pros outweigh cons
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9
Q

Predictors of moving to next stage (Transtheoretical model)

A

Perception of self efficacy

Decisional balance (pros/cons)

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10
Q

BP vs ADHD

A
  • BP only:
    • Elation
    • Grandiosity
    • Flight of ideas
    • Reduced sleep
    • Hypersexuality
  • BOTH:
    • hyperactivity,
    • irritability,
    • distractibility,
    • accelerated speech
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11
Q

Conventional vs Realistic

A

Conventional: keeping records, org data, attention to detail, others’ instructions

Realistic: technical, physical, mechanical, outdoor activities

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12
Q

Schizophrenia vs schizophreniform vs brief psychotic disorder

A

Time

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13
Q

Paired comparison technique

A

Measure of job performance All employees compared to each other in PAIRS

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14
Q

“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts” learning=perception of relationships among elements of a problem

A

Gestalt (Kohler)

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15
Q

Caplan mental health consultation

A

Case consultation (focus on consultee)

* client-centered = particular client

* consultee-centered=group or population Admin consultation (focus on administrators)

* program-centered=particular program

* consultee-centered=focus on admins

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16
Q

4 dopamine pathways

A
  • Mesolimbic -> motivation/emotion (high dopamine here=+Sx)
  • Mesocortical –> _emotion/cognitio_n (low dopamine here= -Sx)
  • Nigrostriatal –> motor Sx (Parkinson’s)
  • Tuberoinfundibular –>hypothalamus/pituitary (prolactin & hormones)
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17
Q

Ridley model of paranoia

A
  • Nonparanoiacs - low culture, low functional
  • Functional paranoiacs–> psychopathology
  • Healthy cultural paranoiacs , low functiional, high cultural
  • Confluent paranoiacs ???
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18
Q

Super lifespan model of career development

A
  • Growth (4-13)
  • Exploration (14-24)
  • Establishment (25-44)
  • Maintenance (45-65)
  • Disengagement (65+)
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19
Q

Overregularization vs overextension

A

Over reg = grammar rules

tooths instead of teeth, goed instead of went

Over ext = uses word too broadly

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20
Q

Telegraphic vs holophrastic speech

A

Telegraphic = 2 words

Holophrastic = one word (means ‘whole’)

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21
Q

Option receptor antagonist Reduces alcohol cravings

A

Naltrexone

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22
Q

Efficacy vs effectiveness

A

Efficacy: clinical trials

Effectiveness: “real world” effects (correlational, quasi-experimental studies)

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23
Q

Papez’ circuit

A

limbic system

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24
Q

IQ correlations among family

A
  • .18 – adopted child with parent
  • .25 – bio sibs reared apart
  • .40 – parent and child
  • .68 – identical twins reared apart
  • .80 – identical twins reared together
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25
Q

Stress inoculation training

A

conceptualization: skills acquisition: application:

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26
Q

Q-sort technique

A

rank ordering descriptive statements about self

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27
Q

James-Lange theory

A

emotions are perceptions of bodily reactions body first, then emotions (“JAMES’ great body made Jessica LANGE emotional”)

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28
Q

Cannon-Bard theory

A

emphasis on brain emotions first, then body reacts

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29
Q

“gender schema theory”

A

Bem

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30
Q

OCD across cultures

A

same stats different content of obsessions and compulsions

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31
Q

TQM (Total Quality Management)

A

based on employee involvement fails when employees not fully participating

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32
Q

best Rx for chronic pain

A

mixed SSRIs/SNRIs (better than SSRIs alone)

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33
Q

best Rx for Alcohol Dependence

A

SSRIs best for low alcohol consumption with LATE onset Alcohol Dependence (Type A)

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34
Q

Types of Alcohol Dependence

A

Type A: Late onset = lower consumption; fewer Sx; less severe Sx

Type B: Early onset = more Sx; more severe Sx; more severe psychopathology

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35
Q

procedural memory is mediated by _____

A

the striatum (caudate nucleus + putamen)

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36
Q

brain structure that mediates emotion

A

hypothalamus

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37
Q

Piaget moral development

A

HETEROnomous (subject to laws outside individual)

–rule violations are punished

–rules changed only by authorities

AUTOnomous (self-governing)

–rules can be changed by consensus

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38
Q

expressed emotion is predictive of relapse for ____

A

MORE predictive for mood and eating disorders than schizophrenia

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39
Q

contingency management

A

punish undesirable + reward/reinforce desirable

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40
Q

false memory induction

A

Creates false memories by repeated asking about events never experienced

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41
Q

imagination inflation

A

asking to imagine event before asking if it ever happened to the individual

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42
Q

Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm (DRM)

A

erroneously recalling a word from a list of semantically related words

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43
Q

Loftus misinformation effect

A

original memory of events altered by exposure to misleading information

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44
Q

best Tx for stuttering

A

Habit Reversal: regulated breathing + awareness training + social support

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45
Q

Centralized vs decentralized communication

A

centralized: better for simple tasks

decentralized: better for complex tasks

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46
Q

when is brain lateralization first evident?

A

1st year of life

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47
Q

stages of Freudian psychoanalysis

A

confrontation: goal to help client see behavior in new way
clarification: clarifies client’s statements

interpretation:

working through:

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48
Q

script vs heuristic

A

script = “event schema”: series of events/actions in particular situation

heuristic = “mental shortcut” (rule of thumb)

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49
Q

According to REBT, what is the basis of irrational thoughts?

A

biological basis

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50
Q

what is the effect of brain trauma on memory?

A

most recent memories: most vulnerable to amnesia

remote memories: first to be recovered

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51
Q

fading vs thinning

A

fading: reducing prompts

thinning: reduction in + reinforcement

52
Q

Chin & Benne

3 strategies to overcome resistance to change in an organization

A

Rational-Empirical: providing info when resistance is due to lack of knowledge

Normative-Reeducative: peer pressure and social norms used to promote change

Power-Coercive: relying on a strong leader

53
Q

4 dopamine pathways

A

mesolimbic = emotion and motivation

mesocortical = cognition

nigrostriatal = motor (Parkinson’s)

tuberoinfundibular = hypothalamus to pituitary (prolactin secretion)

54
Q

Type I error vs Type II error

A

Type I error == (alpha) incorrect rejection of a true null

Type II error == (beta) incorrectly retaining a false null

55
Q

OARS (Motivational Interviewing)

A

O - open-ended questions A - affirmations R - reflective listening S - summary statements

56
Q

____% of new mothers have postpartum major depression ____% have “baby blues”

A

10-15% up to 80%

57
Q

CBT-E (CBT-Enhanced) for Bulimia

A

targets perfectionism, low self-esteem, interpersonal factors and emotional factors

58
Q

Social Anxiety vs Panic Disorder

A

social anxiety–> MAY include panic attacks, but they are related to the known feared situation

Panic Disorder –> attacks are unexpected

59
Q

physical issues that cause impotence

A
  • diabetes
  • antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs
  • liver and kidney disease
60
Q

sexual arousal hormone in men and women

A

androgen (adrenal cortex)

61
Q

maternal employment has most detrimental effect on academic achievement of ______

A

middle and upper-SES boys (especially when mother works FT thru child’s life)

62
Q

fact vs expert witness

A

fact – only offers facts

expert – can offer opinion

63
Q

When would a structural family therapist use a family map?

A

to make a structural diagnosis by clarifying boundaries, coalitions, etc.

64
Q

circular questions

A

used in Milan systematic family therapy

helps family members recognize differences in perceptions

65
Q

Gain-loss theory

A

prefer people who initially have negative feelings about us but change to positive (more than those consistently positive) AND we dislike those with initially positive feelings about us then change to negative

66
Q

social exchange theory

A

more likely to remain in a relationship when rewards are greater than cost

67
Q

balance theory

A

relationship between: person, another person, and third person or idea, event, object

68
Q

self-verification theory

A

people prefer others who provide them with accurate info about themselves (consistent with self-evaluations)

69
Q

children show an AWARENESS of racial difference by age _____, but understand race as a physical, social, and biological category at age ____

A

awareness by age 3-4 deeper understanding at age 10

70
Q

benefits of HRT

A

alleviate mood swings decrease likelihood of osteoporosis reduce/eliminate hot flashes ***does not have effect on libido***

71
Q

neo-Piagetians

A

use information processing to explain shortcomings of Piaget’s theory

72
Q

Holland’s Self-Directed Search (SDS) scores

A

commonness – of score with standardization

sample consistency –distance between first two RIASEC code letters (closer together = higher consistency)

coherence – degree to which interests are in same category

congruence – between expressed and measured interest

73
Q

APA can take disciplinary action against a psychologist after conviction of _______

A

a felony (does not apply to misdemeanors)

74
Q

TAT scoring

A

needs (internal determinants of behavior)

press (environmental determinants of behavior)

thema (interactions between needs and press)

75
Q

types of cost analysis

A

cost-benefit – relative costs and benefits of an intervention

cost-utility – costs and patient outcomes (includes quality duration and of life)

cost-feasibility – determines feasibility of an intervention based on resources it requires

cost-minimization – identifies the least costly alternative

76
Q

approach-avoidance conflict

A

BOTH increase as event gets closer but negative increases MORE

77
Q

Depression vs Anxiety – how to tell difference

A

negative affect –> similar in both

Positive affect – higher in anxiety

Autonomic Arousal – higher in anxiety

78
Q

situational leadership

A

high ability, high willingness –> delegating (can be trusted to do assigned tasks independently)

high ability, low willingness –> participating (have ability, but need their participation)

low ability, high willingness –> selling (novices need to be sold on the task)

low ability, low willingness –> telling (can’t trust to do it themselves)

79
Q

neurotransmitters linked to Social Phobia

A

serotonin and dopamine

80
Q

holophrastic speech begins at age ____ telegraphic speech begins at age ____

A

holophrastic = 12-18 mos (one word) telegraphic = 18-24 mos (two words)

81
Q

ADHD – low metabolic activity in ____ and ____.

A

prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia

82
Q

Lever #1 = VI-30 Lever#2 = VI-60 What is the ratio of Lever #1 taps by pigeon?

A

Lever #1 tapped twice as often as Lever #2 (2 times out of 3 = 2/3)

83
Q

Structural Family Therapy (techniques)

A

–marking boundaries

–escalating stress

–utilizing symptoms

–manipulating mood (criticized for no empathy)

84
Q

Motivational Interviewing (OARS) goal:

A

help client resolve ambivalence toward change

85
Q

Motivational Interviewing (techniques)

A

–simple reflection –double-sided reflection –amplified reflection –summary statements (Communicates empathy)

86
Q

Left-Right confusion due to:

A

lesion in left parietal lobe Gerstmann Syndrome (also dysgraphia, dyscalculia, finger agnosia)

87
Q

MDD requires ____ duration of Sx

A

2 weeks

88
Q

Satir’s family therapy emphasizes:

A

styles of communication (5) –placater –blamer –super-reasonable –irrelevant –incongruent

89
Q

PTSD Sx clusters

A

intrusion avoidance cognition/mood arousal/reactivity

90
Q

Delusional Disorder requires ____ delusions for at least ____.

A

one or more delusions for at least one month

91
Q

Substance Use Disorder domains

A

impaired control social impairment risky use pharmacological criteria

92
Q

Tourette’s syndrome due to excessive activity of dopamine receptors in ____

A

caudate nucleus

93
Q
A
94
Q

Schein organizational culture

A

Organizational culture: observable artifacts, espoused values & beliefs, and underlying assumptions.

95
Q

MMPI

Alcohol abuse & depression

A

High on 2, 4, & 7

96
Q

mmpi

somatoform profile

A

conversion V

high 1 & 3, low 2

97
Q

Most dreams occur in _____ sleep and the dreams are ____

A

REM

NREM Dreams are Fleeting images, less vivid and more relaistic

98
Q

Satir - communication styles

A
  1. placater
  2. blamer
  3. super-reasonable
  4. irrelevant
  5. congruent
99
Q

3 types of standard errors

A
  1. Standard error of the mean
  2. Standard error of measurement
  3. Standard error of measurement
100
Q
  1. Standard error of the mean
  2. Standard error of measurement
  3. Standard error of estimate
A
  1. Standard error of mean = standard deviation of sampling distrution of the mean (pop std dev/square root n
  2. Std err of measurement = construct confidence interval around obtained test score
  3. Std err of estimate = construct confidence interval around predicted criterion score
101
Q

purpose of factor loading

A

to obtain a pattern easier to interpret

102
Q
A
103
Q

Mimesis

A

joining technique that involves adopting family’s affective and communication style

104
Q

SCID

A

Structured Clinical Interview for DSM5

105
Q

Spearman r measures

A

2 rank correlates

106
Q

Pearson r measures

A

2 continuous variables correlations

107
Q

Phi coefficient measures

A

2 dichotomous variables

108
Q

point biserial measures

A

correlation 1 variable is continous, the other true dichotomous

109
Q

Seattle longitudinal study used what design to study age & intelligence

A

cross-sequential

110
Q

Howard phase model of client’s progres in therapy

A
  1. remoralization
  2. remediation
  3. rehabilitation
111
Q

age infants exhibit recognition memory for up to 24 hours following presenation of a stimulus

A

3 months

112
Q

Sources of self-efficacy beliefs (Bandura)

A
  1. prior accomplishments
  2. observations of others
  3. verbal persuasion
  4. emotional and physiological states
113
Q

What is the Papez circuit

A

emotional brain of the limbic system

Also plays role in acquistion of new memories

114
Q

papez circuit includes

A
  1. hippocampus
  2. mammillary bodies
  3. cingulate gyrus
  4. anterior nuclei of thalamus
115
Q

base rate fallacy

A

the tendency to ignore relevant statistical data when making a probablity judgment and to rely instead on irrelevant info

116
Q

Von Restorff Effect

A

Tendency to remember very unusual or unique objects

Stick out like a sore thumb

117
Q

Forer Effect AKA

A

Barnum effect

118
Q

Barnun effect refers to

A

tendency to accept a vague or very general description of oneself (horoscope)

119
Q

Visual feature representation is necessary for

A

mirror self-recognition

120
Q

3 steps of strucural family therapy

A
  1. joining
  2. evaluating/dxing
  3. restructuring
121
Q

2 types of joining in Structural Family Therapy

A
  1. Tracking - identifying & using family’s values, life themes
  2. mimesis - adopting family’s affective & behavioral style
122
Q

When is family map used in structural family therapy

A

to facilitate structrual diagnosis

123
Q

Enactment is a technique

A

used to facilitate diagnosis and structuring of the family (structural family therapy)

124
Q

Substance Use Disorder Sx Categorized into

A
  1. Impaired control
  2. social impairment
  3. risky use
  4. pharmacological criteria
125
Q
A

AATBS EPPP 2017 !! (10 decks)

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