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AATBS EPPP 2017 > Exam Errors > Flashcards

Exam Errors Flashcards

1
Q

Incremental validity

A

HIGH criterion-related validity coefficient
LOW selection ratio (lots of applicants for few positions)
MOD base rate (selection technique = moderately accurate)

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2
Q

Delirium vs psychosis

A

Delirium=Sx random, haphazard, rapid onset

Psychosis=Sx systematized

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3
Q

Ohio State U

Behavior of leaders

A 
Imitating structure (task-orientation)
Consideration (person-orientation)
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4
Q

MMPI scales

A

K - Korrection (defensiveness)
L - lie
F - inFrequency

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5
Q

Adult Attachment Interview

A

Autonomous = describes parent + or - and gives examples
(Child –> secure)
Dismissing = describes parent + but no examples
(Child –> avoidant)
Preoccupied = - or confused description, no examples
(Child –> resistant
Unresolved/disorganized
(Child –>disorganized/disoriented)

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6
Q

Cross’ Black Racial ID Model

A

Pre-encounter
Encounter
Immersion-Emersion
Internalization

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7
Q

Fiedler’s Contingency model

A

Characteristics of work situation (affect ability to lead)
Leader-member relations ***most important
Task structure
Leaders position power

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8
Q

Transtheoretical model

A 
Pre-contemplation: cons outweigh pros
Contemplation: "      "       "
Preparation: pros=cons
Action: pros outweigh cons
Maintenance: pros outweigh cons
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9
Q

Predictors of moving to next stage

Transtheoretical model

A 
Perception of self efficacy 
Decisional balance (pros/cons)
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10
Q

BP vs ADHD

A 
BP only:
Elation
Grandiosity 
Flight of ideas
Reduced sleep
Hypersexuality

BOTH: hyperactivity, irritability, distractibility, accelerated speech

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11
Q

Conventional vs Realistic

A

Conventional: keeping records, org data, attention to detail, others’ instructions

Realistic: technical, physical, mechanical, outdoor activities

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12
Q

Schizophrenia vs schizophreniform vs brief psychotic disorder

A

Time

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13
Q

Paired comparison technique

A

Measure of job performance

All employees compared to each other in PAIRS

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14
Q

“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”

learning=perception of relationships among elements of a problem

A

Gestalt (Kohler)

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15
Q

Caplan mental health consultation

A 
Case consultation (focus on consultee)
* client-centered = particular client
* consultee-centered=group or population
Admin consultation (focus on administrators)
* program-centered=particular program
* consultee-centered=focus on admins
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16
Q

4 dopamine pathways

A

Mesolimbic –> motivation/emotion (high dopamine here=+Sx)
Mesocortical –> emotion/cognition (low dopamine here= -Sx)
Nigrostriatal –> motor Sx (Parkinson’s)
Tuberoinfundibular –>hypothalamus/pituitary (prolactin & hormones)

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17
Q

Ridley model of paranoia

A

Nonparanoiacs
Functional paranoiacs–> psychopathology
Healthy cultural paranoiacs
Confluent paranoiacs ???

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18
Q

Super lifespan model of career development

A 
Growth (4-13)
Exploration (14-24)
Establishment (25-44)
Maintenance (45-65)
Disengagement (65+)
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19
Q

Overregularization vs overextension

A

Over reg = grammar rules

Over ext = uses word too broadly

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20
Q

Telegraphic vs holophrastic speech

A 
Telegraphic = 2 words 
Holophrastic = one word (means 'whole')
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21
Q

Option receptor antagonist

Reduces alcohol cravings

A

Naltrexone

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22
Q

Efficacy vs effectiveness

A

Efficacy: clinical trials
Effectiveness: “real world” effects (correlational, quasi-experimental studies)

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23
Q

Papez’ circuit

A

limbic system

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24
Q

IQ correlations among family

A 
.18 -- adopted child with parent
.25 -- bio sibs reared apart
.40 -- parent and child
.68 -- identical twins reared apart
.80 -- identical twins reared together
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25
Q

Stress inoculation training

A

conceptualization:
skills acquisition:
application:

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26
Q

Q-sort technique

A

rank ordering descriptive statements about self

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27
Q

James-Lange theory

A

emotions are perceptions of bodily reactions
body first, then emotions
(“JAMES’ great body made Jessica LANGE emotional”)

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28
Q

Cannon-Bard theory

A

emphasis on brain

emotions first, then body reacts

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29
Q

“gender schema theory”

A

Bem

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30
Q

OCD across cultures

A

same stats

different content of obsessions and compulsions

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31
Q

TQM (Total Quality Management)

A

based on employee involvement

fails when employees not fully participating

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32
Q

best Rx for chronic pain

A

mixed SSRIs/SNRIs

better than SSRIs alone

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33
Q

best Rx for Alcohol Dependence

A

SSRIs

best for low alcohol consumption with LATE onset Alcohol Dependence (Type A)

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34
Q

Types of Alcohol Dependence

A

Type A: Late onset = lower consumption; fewer Sx; less severe Sx
Type B: Early onset = more Sx; more severe Sx; more severe psychopathology

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35
Q

procedural memory is mediated by _____

A

the striatum (caudate nucleus + putamen)

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36
Q

brain structure that mediates emotion

A

hypothalamus

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37
Q

Piaget moral development

A

HETEROnomous (subject to laws outside individual)

  • -rule violations are punished
  • -rules changed only by authorities

AUTOnomous (self-governing)
–rules can be changed by consensus

38
Q

expressed emotion is predictive of relapse for ____

A

MORE predictive for mood and eating disorders

than schizophrenia

39
Q

contingency management

A

punish undesirable + reward/reinforce desirable

40
Q

false memory induction

A

Creates false memories by repeated asking about events never experienced

41
Q

imagination inflation

A

asking to imagine event before asking if it ever happened to the individual

42
Q

Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm (DRM)

A

erroneously recalling a word from a list of semantically related words

43
Q

Loftus misinformation effect

A

original memory of events altered by exposure to misleading information

44
Q

best Tx for stuttering

A

Habit Reversal: regulated breathing + awareness training + social support

45
Q

Centralized vs decentralized communication

A

centralized: better for simple tasks
decentralized: better for complex tasks

46
Q

when is brain lateralization first evident?

A

1st year of life

47
Q

stages of Freudian psychoanalysis

A

confrontation: goal to help client see behavior in new way
clarification: clarifies client’s statements
interpretation:
working through:

48
Q

script vs heuristic

A 
script = "event schema": series of events/actions in particular situation
heuristic = "mental shortcut" (rule of thumb)
49
Q

According to REBT, what is the basis of irrational thoughts?

A

biological basis

50
Q

what is the effect of brain trauma on memory?

A

most recent memories: most vulnerable to amnesia

remote memories: first to be recovered

51
Q

fading vs thinning

A

fading: reducing prompts
thinning: reduction in + reinforcement

52
Q

Chin & Benne 3 strategies to overcome resistance to change in an organization

A

Rational-Empirical: providing info when resistance is due to lack of knowledge
Normative-Reeducative: peer pressure and social norms used to promote change
Power-Coercive: relying on a strong leader

53
Q

4 dopamine pathways

A 
mesolimbic = emotion and motivation
mesocortical = cognition 
nigrostriatal = motor (Parkinson's)
tuberoinfundibular = hypothalamus to pituitary (prolactin secretion)
54
Q

Type I error vs Type II error

A

Type I error == (alpha) incorrect rejection of a true null

Type II error == (beta) incorrectly retaining a false null

55
Q

OARS (Motivational Interviewing)

A

O - open-ended questions
A - affirmations
R - reflective listening
S - summary statements

56
Q

____% of new mothers have postpartum major depression

____% have “baby blues”

A

10-15%

up to 80%

57
Q

CBT-E (CBT-Enhanced) for Bulimia

A

targets perfectionism, low self-esteem, interpersonal factors and emotional factors

58
Q

Social Anxiety vs Panic Disorder

A

social anxiety–> MAY include panic attacks, but they are related to the known feared situation
Panic Disorder –> attacks are unexpected

59
Q

physical issues that cause impotence

A

diabetes
antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs
liver and kidney disease

60
Q

sexual arousal hormone in men and women

A

androgen (adrenal cortex)

61
Q

maternal employment has most detrimental effect on academic achievement of ______

A

middle and upper-SES boys

especially when mother works FT thru child’s life

62
Q

fact vs expert witness

A

fact – only offers facts

expert – can offer opinion

63
Q

When would a structural family therapist use a family map?

A

to make a structural diagnosis by clarifying boundaries, coalitions, etc.

64
Q

circular questions

A

used i Milan systematic family therapy

helps family members recognize differences in perceptions

65
Q

Gain-loss theory

A

prefer people who initially have negative feelings about us but change to positive (more than those consistently positive) AND
we dislike those with initially positive feelings about us then change to negative

66
Q

social exchange theory

A

more likely to remain in a relationship when rewards are greater than cost

67
Q

balance theory

A

relationship between: person, another person, and third person or idea, event, object

68
Q

self-verification theory

A

people prefer others who provide them with accurate info about themselves (consistent with self-evaluations)

69
Q

children show an AWARENESS of racial difference by age _____, but understand race as a physical, social, and biological category at age ____

A

awareness by age 3-4

deeper understanding at age 10

70
Q

benefits of HRT

A

alleviate mood swings
decrease likelihood of osteoporosis
reduce/eliminate hot flashes
does not have effect on libido

71
Q

neo-Piagetians

A

use information processing to explain shortcomings of Piaget’s theory

72
Q

Holland’s Self-Directed Search (SDS) scores

A

commonness – of score with standardization sample
consistency –distance between first two RIASEC code letters (closer together = higher consistency)
coherence – degree to which interests are in same category
congruence – between expressed and measured interest

73
Q

APA can take disciplinary action against a psychologist after conviction of _______

A 
a felony
(does not apply to misdemeanors)
74
Q

TAT scoring

A

needs (internal determinants of behavior)
press (environmental determinants of behavior)
thema (interactions between needs and press)

75
Q

types of cost analysis

A

cost-benefit – relative costs and benefits of an intervention
cost-utility – costs and patient outcomes (includes quality duration and of life)
cost-feasibility – determines feasibility of an intervention based on resources it requires
cost-minimization – identifies the least costly alternative

76
Q

approach-avoidance conflict

A

BOTH increase as event gets closer

but negative increases MORE

77
Q

Depression vs Anxiety – how to tell difference

A

negative affect –> similar in both
Positive affect – higher in anxiety
Autonomic Arousal – higher in anxiety

78
Q

situational leadership

A

high ability, high willingness –> delegating (can be trusted to do assigned tasks independently)
high ability, low willingness –> participating (have ability, but need their participation)
low ability, high willingness –> selling (novices need to be sold on the task)
low ability, low willingness –> telling (can’t trust to do it themselves)

79
Q

neurotransmitters linked to Social Phobia

A

serotonin and dopamine

80
Q

holophrastic speech begins at age ____

telegraphic speech begins at age ____

A 
holophrastic = 12-18 mos (one word)
telegraphic = 18-24 mos (two words)
81
Q

ADHD – low metabolic activity in ____ and ____.

A

prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia

82
Q

Lever #1 = VI-30
Lever#2 = VI-60
What is the ratio of Lever #1 taps by pigeon?

A

Lever #1 tapped twice as often as Lever #2

2 times out of 3 = 2/3

83
Q

Structural Family Therapy (techniques)

A

–marking boundaries
–escalating stress
–utilizing symptoms
–manipulating mood
(criticized for no empathy)

84
Q

Motivational Interviewing (OARS) goal:

A

help client resolve ambivalence toward change

85
Q

Motivational Interviewing (techniques)

A

–simple reflection
–double-sided reflection
–amplified reflection
–summary statements
(Communicates empathy)

86
Q

Left-Right confusion due to:

A 
lesion in left parietal lobe
Gerstmann Syndrome (also dysgraphia, dyscalculia, finger agnosia)
87
Q

MDD requires ____ duration of Sx

A

2 weeks

88
Q

Satir’s family therapy emphasizes:

A

styles of communication (5)

  • -placater
  • -blamer
  • -super-reasonable
  • -irrelevant
  • -incongruent
89
Q

PTSD Sx clusters

A

intrusion
avoidance
cognition/mood
arousal/reactivity

90
Q

Delusional Disorder requires ____ delusions for at least ____.

A

one or more delusions

for at least one month

91
Q

Substance Use Disorder domains

A

impaired control
social impairment
risky use
pharmacological criteria

92
Q

Tourette’s syndrome due to excessive activity of dopamine receptors in ____

A

caudate nucleus

AATBS EPPP 2017 (10 decks)

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