Exam Flashcards
What is matter
Anything that has mass or takes up space
What is a substance
Kind of matter with uniform properties
What is the particle theory of matter
- All matter is made up of extremely tiny particles
- Each pure substances has its own kind of particle different from the particles or other pure substances
- Particles attract each other
- Particles are always moving
- When particles get heated up they move faster
What is stability
The ability of a substance to remain uncharged
What is combustibility
The ability or a substance to burn in air
What is toxicity
The ability or a substance to cause harmful effects to plants and animals
What is physical and chemical change
Physical change: Change in a substance that does not make a new substance
Chemical change: One it more new substances are produced it can’t get back original form
What makes up an atom
Protons neutrons and electrons
How did Bohr contribute to the atomic theory
He did the Gold foil experiment
What is standard atomic notation
The chemical symbol with mass number and atomic number beside it
( atomic number = protons)
What is the Atomic number and mass numbers
Atomic number Number of protons on the bottom and mass number is protons plus neutrons on top
Who invented the modern periodic table
Mendeleev
What are the trends in the periodic table
Group atomic radius: down a column atomic radius increases
Periodic atomic radius trend: across a period L to R atomic radius decreases
Group trend ionization energy: Down a column energy increases
Periodic trend ionization energy: Across a period L to R energy increases
Group electronegativity trend: Down column decreases
Periodic electronegativity trend: Across L to R increases
What’s a conductor and insulator
Conductor conducts energy well
Insulators don’t easily allow heat, energy, light or sound to pass through it
Molecules and atoms
Molecules is a group of atoms bonded together
Atoms are a basic unit of chemical elements
What are biotic and abiotic factors
Abiotic factors can determine which species will survive in the given environment like soil, temperature ( things that are not alive )
Biotic factors include predation, disease, competition, parasites, consumptions and symbioses. ( things that are alive )
Food chains and energy transferred
10% of energy is transferred through food chains
What is photosynthesis, products , reactants and why is complementary to cellular respiration
Photosynthesis: plants and organisms use sunlight to make foods from carbon dioxide and water
Products: React carbon dioxide with water to make a sugar called glucose
Reactants: a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction
Photosynthesis is completely to cellular respiration because they both consume and create the same substances ( water glucose oxygen and carbon dioxide)
What are producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary and top consumers
Producers create food so primary eats it then secondary eats primary then tertiary eats that and then top consumer
What is algae bloom and nitrogen cycle
Algae bloom: Increases in algae
Nitrogen cycles: Nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms, it circulates among the atmosphere
