Exam Flashcards
What does apparent leg length shortening mean?
Due to pelvic tilting
- fixed flexion deformity of hip
- fixed ADduction deformity of hip (especially OA)
What does true leg length mean
Due to joint or bony abnormality
E.g. Previous fracture femur, tibia, growth disturbance (polio, epiphyseal trauma), neck of femur fracture, oa, hip dislocation
Total hip replacement indications
- displaced intracapsular NOF fracture in young patients
- severe OA
- less commonly, RA/DDH/seronegative arthropathy
Complications of total hip replacement
:
- anaesthetic risk
- infection wound site
- haemorrhage
- dislocation
- chronic infective
Contraindication to total hip replacement
- mild disease
- doubt as to origin of hip pain
- morbid obesity
What does a positive trendelenburg sign mean?
ABductor instability
(Gluteal weakness) may be caused by nerve root lesion, DDh, Slipped upper femoral epiphysis
What is the Thomas test a test of?
Fixed flexion deformity (OA)
What muscles are responsible for knee flexion?
Hamstrings:
- semitendinosis
- semimembranosus
- biceps femoris
What muscles are responsible for knee extension?
The quadriceps
- rectus femoris
- vastus lateralis
- vastus intermedius
- vastus medialis
Meniscal injuries in the older patient are more likely to be :
- due to wear and tear
- lateral meniscus
Meniscal injuries in the younger patient are more likely to be:
- traumatic tear
- medial meniscus
Common peroneal nerve injury results in
Foot drop, high stepping gait ,
