Exam Flashcards
People that went to California in the gold rush
Forty-niners
Withdraw from the union
Secession
Used to describe the violence in the Kansas territory over slavery
Bleeding Kansas
Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe; considered one of the causes of the civil war
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Completed the continental US
Gadsden Purchase
Wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Led the Underground Railroad
Harriet Tubman
President of the confederacy
Jefferson Davis
1st state to secede from the Union
South Carolina
1st battle of the Civil War
Fort Sumter
Led a raid on the arsenal at Harpers Ferry to start a slave revolt; was captured and hanged
John Brown
Name the confederate states
AL, MS, GA, SC, NC, FL, TX, LA, VA, TN, AR
Led confederate army in the East
Robert E. Lee
Head of the northern army at the end of the war
Ulysses S Grant
Peace Democrats (Northern Democrats who were against the war)
Copperheads
First pointed projectile in the war
Minnie ball
Earned his nickname at Bull Run
Thomas Jackson
What is Thomas Jackson’s nickname
Stonewall Jackson
Turning point of the war in the East
Gettysburg
Turning point of the war in the West
Vicksburg
Located in Tennessee; where Albert Sidney Johnson was killed; where the hornets nest occurred; bloodiest battle in the war
Shiloh
Bloodiest one-day battle
Antietam
The largest and worst prison camp in Georgia
Andersonville
Issued after Antietam
Emancipation Proclamation
Battlefield nurse that started the Red Cross
Clara Barton
Last major confederate victory in the war
Chickamauga
Took place during the battle of Gettysburg; 6000 were killed
Pickett’s Charge
Practice total war in Georgia
William Sherman
Assassinated Abraham Lincoln
John Wilkes Booth
Rebuilding of the South after the Civil War
Reconstruction
This amendment gave slaves the right to vote
15th amendment
This amendment freed the slaves
13th amendment
People in the south who helped during Reconstruction
Scalawags
Northerners who came to the south to get rich during Reconstruction
Carpetbaggers
Didn’t pay rent; gave landowners half of their crops
Sharecroppers
This amendment gave slave citizenship
14th amendment
Paid rent for land
Tenant farmers
Largest vein of silver found in the West
Comstock Lode
Where was the comstock lode found?
Carson City, Nevada
Deep mining
Quartz mining
Example of a boom town and ghost town
Leadville, Colorado
Surface mining with picks and shovels
Placer mining
Towns where gold is found and people rush to that town for gold and everyone leaves when the gold is gone
Boomtown/Ghost Town
Trail they used for cattle backs
Chisholm Trail
Where did the Chisholm and Sedalia trails end
Abeliene (Chisholm) and Sedalia (Sedalia)
Land owned by the government in the Great Plains that could be used by everyone
Open range
Gave 160 acres of land to anybody who would live on it for 5 years with a $10 fee
Homestead Act
What farmers were called in the west
Sodbusters
Where civilization meets unsettled land
Frontier
Last battle of the Indian War
Wounded Knee
Ambushed by the Sioux; he and his unit were all killed at Little Big Horn
George Custer
Leader of the battle of Little Big Horn
Sitting Bull
River in Wyoming where Custer was wiped out by the Sioux
Little Big Horn
People should decide what government they want
Popular sovereignty
Invented the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
Provided for the building of the Transcontinental Railroad
Pacific Railway Act
One of the Big Four who paid for the Central Pacific Railroad; later became governor of California and founded Stanford University
Leland Stanford
The building of the Transcontinental Railroad was his dream
Ted Judah
Began in Sacramento, California and moved East
Central Pacific Railroad
Began in Omaha, Nebraska and moved West
Union Pacific Railroad
Built the Great Northern Railroad and didn’t use government money to build it
James J. Hill
People bought supplies from a company they already owned, so they overcharged the railroad, and by the end, the investors were rich while the railroad was almost bankrupt
Credit Mobilier Scandal
When you buy every company needed to produce your product
Vertical integration
When you buy all the companies who are your competition
Horizontal integration
Scottish immigrant who was very poor and was the first to bring the Bessemer process to America
Andrew Carnegie
First industrial union in America
Knights of Labor
Cheapest way of passage for immigrants
Steerage
Europeans entered the US through this island in the East
Ellis Island
Asians entered the U.S. through this island in the West
Angel Island
The fear or dislike of immigrants
Nativism
Apartment buildings that immigrants lived in that were crowded and run down
Tenements
Head of Tammany Hall
Boss Tweed
New York political machine
Tammany Hall
Give an example of vertical integration
Carnegie
Wrote “How the Other Half Lives”; also a muckraker
Jacob Riis
Give an example of horizontal integration
Standard Oil Company
Idea developed by Carnegie that wealthy people should engage in philanthropy
Gospel of Wealth
You can do anything you want, no matter your circumstances
Individualism
The idea that people are not successful because of circumstances they cannot control
Naturalism
Someone who uncovers the bad things in society
Muckrakers
Term coined by Mark Twain that means an age where everything looked good on the outside but it was messed up on the inside
Gilded Age
Founded Tuskegee Institute
Booker T. Washington
Created the civil service system and ended the spoils system
Pendleton Act
Created a budget deficit by putting a tariff on the wrong products
McKinley Tariff
First act passed in America against a company in restraint of trade
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Regulated any industry involved in interstate commerce
ICC
African Americans that went to Kansas during reconstruction; let by Singleton
Exodusters
Laws to enforce segregation in the south
Jim Crowe Laws
First Farmer’s Alliance
Grange
Began by Andrew Jackson that gave government jobs to your supporters; ended by the Pendleton Act
Spoils System
Art movement that showed feelings over reason and logic
Romanticism
Moderation in the use of alcohol
Temperance
Led the slave revolt in Virginia and was hanged and 50 people died
Nat Turner
Belief that Americans were meant to occupy the U.S.
Manifest Destiny
People who settled on land they didn’t own
Squatters
Led the Mormons into Utah after Joseph Smith died
Brigham Young
People who brought in at least 300 families to Texas; also named for the tracks of land given to them
Empresarios
Mission in San Antonio Texas where all the defenders dad but it became the battle cry of the war with Mexico
The Alamo
What California was called before became a state
Bear Flag Republic
North plan to win the war
Anaconda plan
List the three terms of the Anaconda plan
Blockade southern ports, split the confederacy at the Mississippi River, take control of Richmond
List Thomas Alva Edison’s inventions
Phonograph, Dictaphone, electric generator, battery, motion picture, and lightbulb