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AU14 SE and Treatments > Exam 5 SE > Flashcards

Exam 5 SE Flashcards

1
Q

SE: allergic response

  • immediate → hives, anaphylactic shock
  • delayed → rash, kidney damage
  • rxn on first dose due to environmental exposure
A

penicillins

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2
Q

SE: allergic cross-reactivity in penicillin-sensitive patients

A

cephalosporins

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3
Q

SE: allergic reaction

A

griseofulvin

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4
Q

SE: allergic reaction – contain sulfur

A

tipranavir, fosamprenavir

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5
Q

SE: impaired renal function; fever, chills, vomiting, convulsions, severe headache, anemia

A

“amphoterrible B”

amphotericin B

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6
Q

SE: anemia

A

linezolid ← tedizolid

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7
Q

SE: aplastic anemia

A

chloramphenicol

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8
Q

SE: hemolytic anemia

A

“sulfonamides”s

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9
Q

SE: hemolytic anemia, cardiac arrest, dec pulmonary func in infants, Cat X

A

ribavirin

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10
Q

SE: megaloblastic anemia

A

“sulfonamides”s, trimethoprim (leucovorin)

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11
Q

SE: cardiac arrhythmia

A

erythromycin; bedaquiline

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12
Q

SE: arrhythmias, worsens congestive heart failure

A

itraconazole

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13
Q

SE: asthmatics – problems inhaling powder

A

zanamivir

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14
Q

SE: binds cations (Ca, Fe, Al)

A

tetracycline

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15
Q

SE: blocks cholinergic receptors in muscles
→ worsens myasthenia gravis,
→ inhibits ciliary ganglion → inhibits visual accommodation

A

telithromycin

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16
Q

SE: red-colored body fluids

A

rifampin

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17
Q

SE: deposited in bones and teeth

A

tetracycline

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18
Q

SE: C. diff (pseudomembranous colitis)

A

linezolid ← tedizolid

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19
Q

SE: CNS → sedation, tremor, psychosis

A

cycloserine

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20
Q

SE: CNS toxicity (hallucinations, memory loss); rash

A

efavirenz

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21
Q

SE: cough, chest pain

A

nitrofurantoin

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22
Q

SE: diarrhea

A

fosfomycin

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23
Q

SE: eosinophilic pneumonia

A

daptomycin

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24
Q

SE: fatigue, flu-like symptoms; myelosuppression, hypertension, depression, retinopathy

A

recombinant interferon alpha

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25
Q

SE: fever, rash, fetal damage

A

echinocandins “fungin”s

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26
Q

SE: GI upset → nausea, heartburn

inc GI activity → activates motilin, peristaltic activity

A

erythromycin

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27
Q

SE: GI upset, bone marrow depression, hepatotoxicity

A

flucytosine

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28
Q

SE: GI upset, neprotoxicity, CNS delirium when given IV

A

acyclovir

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29
Q

SE: GI upset; alter fat (lose in face and limbs, gain in body (gut, chest, back); inc/worsen diabetes

A

protease inhibitors (RIN, *LADS, TF)

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30
Q

SE: gout

A

pyrazinamide

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31
Q

SE: “Gray baby” syndrome

A

chloramphenicol

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32
Q

SE: hallucinations, liver damage, teratogen

A

fluconazole

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33
Q

SE: headache

A

griseofulvin

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34
Q

SE: hepatitis

A

pyrazinamide

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35
Q

SE: hepatitis “flare up”

A

discontinuation of hepatitis drugs

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36
Q

SE: life-threatening hepatomegaly, systemic lactic acidosis; myopathy, anemias, pancreatitis, neuropathies

A

NsRTIs = DAZLEST

NtRTI tenofovir

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37
Q

SE: hepatotoxicity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

A

nevirapine, delavirdine

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38
Q

SE: hepatotoxicity, allergic rxn, inc MI

A

maraviroc

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39
Q

SE: hepatotoxicity

A

erythromycin, telithromycin;

tetracycline; isoniazid, rifampin

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40
Q

SE: insomnia

A

enfuvirtide

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41
Q

SE: lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly

A

telbivudine, tenofovir, entecavir

42
Q

SE: liver and renal damage

A

adefovir

43
Q

SE: metallic taste

A

televancin, dalbavancin

44
Q

SE: MRSA

A

methicillin-resistant staph aureus

45
Q

SE: muscle pain

A

quinupristin, dalfopristin

46
Q

SE: muscle pain and weakness (careful with statins!)

A

daptomycin

47
Q

SE: worsen myasthenia gravis

A

“floxacin”s

48
Q

SE: nausea, GI upset, hepatotocity

A

ketoconazole

49
Q

SE: nausea, diarrhea, psychosis – hallucinations

A

zanamivir, oseltamivir

50
Q

SE: nephrotoxicity

A

imipenem metabolized in kidney → nephrotoxic product, give with cilastatin
vancomycin, televancin, dalbavancin, bacitracin
*streptomycin + aminoglycosides; neomycin (topical or oral only); tetracycline
polymixin B; terbinafine; cidofovir, foscarnet

51
Q

SE: neuromuscular blockade → ataxia, perioral paresthesia

A

polymixin B

52
Q

SE: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, teratogen

A

ganciclovir

53
Q

SE: peripheral neuropathy

A

isoniazid

54
Q

SE: neurotoxicity

A

polymixin B

55
Q

SE: optic neuritis

A

isoniazid, ethambutol

56
Q

SE: ototoxicity

A

vancomycin; streptomycin + aminoglycosides

57
Q

SE: inc B6 excretion → pellagra

A

isoniazid

58
Q

SE: peripheral neuropathy

A

methronidazole

59
Q

SE: phototoxicity

A

“floxacin”s

60
Q

SE: rash in pts with mononucleosis/viral infection

A

ampicillin

61
Q

SE: “Red Man/Neck Syndrome”

A

vancomycin

62
Q

SE: high IV dose → seizures (if enters CNS, or CNS infection)

A

penicillins

63
Q

SE: readily enter CNS → seizures

A

imipenem, meropenem

64
Q

SE: renal failure, teratogen, CNS effects → dizziness, slurred speech, seizures, confusion, nausea

A

amantadine

65
Q

SE: resistance (bacteria change dialanine target to lactic acid)

A

vancomycin

66
Q

SE: seizures

A

aztreonam, methronidazole

67
Q

SE: Steven-Johnson syndrome

A

“sulfonamides”s

68
Q

SE: super-infection

A

cephalosporins

69
Q

SE: super-infection with C diff

A

clindamycin, lincomycin

70
Q

SE: systemic toxicity

A

gramicidin

71
Q

SE: tendonitis → Achielles tendon rupture

A

“floxacin”s

72
Q

SE: brown-colored urine

A

nitrofurantoin

73
Q

SE: impaired red/green color vision discrimination, decreased vision

A

ethambutol

74
Q

SE: visual disturbances (color perception, visual acuity)

A

voriconazole

75
Q

Treatment for: severe anaerobic infection

A

clindamycin, lincomycin;

methronidazole

76
Q

Treatment for: severe blood infection

A

daptomycin

77
Q

Treatment for: C diff (pseudomembranous colitis)

A

vancomycin

fidaxomycin

78
Q

Treatment for: dental prophylaxis in patient with heart valve problem

A

clindamycin, lincomycin

79
Q

Treatment for: anti-fungal use in eye

A

natamycin

80
Q

Treatment for: “flesh-eating bacteria”

A

televancin, dalbavancin

81
Q

Also Treatment for: HIV treatment

A

telbivudine, tenofovir, entecavir

82
Q

Treatment for: leprosy

A

dapsone

83
Q

Treatment for: nephrotoxic product from imipenem

A

cilastatin (enzyme inhibitor)

84
Q

Treatment for: prophylactic in infants against RSV

A

palivizumab

85
Q

Treatment for: protazoal infections (trichomoniasis, giardia)

A

methronidazole

86
Q

Treatment for: skin/soft tissue infection

A

daptomycin

87
Q

Treatment for: Rickettsia, Lyme disease (spirochetes), Legionella, helicobacter

A

tetracycline

88
Q

Treatment for: TB (mycobacterium tuberculosis)

A

cycloserine

89
Q

Treatment for: uncomplicated UTI

A

fosfomycin

90
Q

Treatment for: UTI

A

“sulfonamides”s, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin

91
Q

1st pass metabolism

A

valacyclovir

92
Q

pregnancy concerns

A

televancin, dalbavancin → fetal damage
tetracycline → Cat D
“floxacin”s → damage developing cartilage
fluconazole → teratogen
echinocandins “fungin”s → fetal damage
ganciclovir, amantadine
ribavirin → Cat X, dec pulmonary function in infants

93
Q

inhibit P450

A

erythromycin (careful with 2nd gen anti-histamines)
chloramphenicol
ketoconazole – dec adrenal, gonadal steroids; dec cortisol; dec testosterone
itraconazole
delavirdine; protease inhibitors (RIN, *LADS, TF)

94
Q

induce P450

A

rifampin → “little surprise”

griseofulvin

95
Q

metabolized by and inhibits P450

A

terbinafine

96
Q

in combo with sulfmethoxazole

A

trimethoprim

97
Q

in combo with ampho B

A

flucytosine

98
Q

in combo with interferon

A

boceprevir, telaprevir,, simeprevir, sofosbuvir

99
Q

in combo with ritonavir

A

LADS (lopinavir, atazanavir, darunavir, saquinavir)

100
Q

more SE in slow acetylators

A

isoniazid

AU14 SE and Treatments (5 decks)

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