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AU14 SE and Treatments > Exam 4 SE > Flashcards

Exam 4 SE Flashcards

1
Q

SE: dec acid secretion

A

H2 receptor blockers

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2
Q

SE: Addison’s disease

A

deficiency of cortisol production

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3
Q

SE: adrenal suppression

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

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4
Q

SE: alopecia

A

tacrolimus (immunosuppressant; binds FK binding protein –> *inhibits enzyme)

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5
Q

SE: anti-andronergic effect

A

cimetidine (H2 receptor blocker)

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6
Q

SE: anti-clotting effects

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)

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7
Q

SE: anti-muscarinic effects

A

H1 receptor blockers

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8
Q

SE: aplastic anemia

A

indomethacin (NSAID, inhibits COX enzymes)

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9
Q

SE: arrhythmias (cardiac stimulation)

A

theophylline (asthma; phosphodiesterase inhibitor)

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10
Q

SE: inc BP

A

epinephrine (asthma; due to alpha and beta effects)

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11
Q

SE: behavioral changes (euphoria, depression, psychosis, emotional labiality)

A

glycocorticoids (activate an enzyme)

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12
Q

SE: bone marrow effects

A 
azathioprine (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme for purine/GMP synthesis) --> bone marrow depression --> megaloblasic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
mycophenolate mofetil (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme) --> bone marrow disruption
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13
Q

SE: bronchospasms

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)

basiliximab (immunosuppressant; IL-2 receptor blocker)

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14
Q

SE: cardiovascular problems

stroke, heart failure, MI, hypertension, inc intracranial pressure

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

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15
Q

SE: inc cholesterol in blood

A

cyclosporine (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme)

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16
Q

SE: CNS stimulation (tremors, insomnia, seizures)

A

theophylline (asthma; phosphodiesterase inhibitor)

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17
Q

SE: coronal opacities

A

indomethacin (NSAID, inhibits COX enzymes)

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18
Q

SE: cosmetic changes (hypertrichosis, gingival hyperplasia)

A

cyclosporine (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme)

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19
Q

SE: Cushing’s disease

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

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20
Q

SE: dermatitis

A

hydroxychloroquine (immunosuppressant; interferes with macrophage processing of antigen)

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21
Q

SE: diabetes

A

tacrolimus (immunosuppressant; binds FK binding protein –> *inhibits enzyme)

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22
Q

SE: diarrhea, abdominal pain

A

leflunomide –> teriflunomide (immunosuppressant; inhibit enyzme)

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23
Q

SE: dry mouth

A

cholinergic blockers (ipratropium bromide, tiotropium)

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24
Q

SE: dysphonia

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

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25
Q

SE: edema

A

imitinib (cancer, protein kinase inhibitor)

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26
Q

SE: extravasation

A

all IV drugs

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27
Q

SE: affects folic acid processes

A

methotrexate (cancer, inhibits dihydrofolate reductase)

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28
Q

SE: worsens existing fungus, TB

A

infliximab (immunosuppressant; bind TNF)

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29
Q

SE: worsens existing bacterial/fungal/TB infection

A

blockers of internal T cell processes
cyclosporine (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme)
tacrolimus (immunosuppressant; binds FK binding protein –> *inhibits enzyme)
glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)
sirolimus (immunosuppressant; binds FK binding protein –> *inhibits enzyme)
everlimus (immunosuppressant; binds FK binding protein –> inhibits enzyme)

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30
Q

SE: hallucinations

A

ergotamine, dihydroergotamine (partial serotonin agonist)

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31
Q

SE: heart muscle degeneration (via free radicals)

A

“rubicin”s - doxorubicin, danorubicin (cancer, antibiotics; intercalate with DNA)

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32
Q

SE: heart palpitations

A

beta agonists (due to beta 1 effects)

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33
Q

SE: hepatotoxicity

A

cyclosporine (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme)

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34
Q

SE: hypersensitivity rxns

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)
atgam/ATG/antithmocyte globulin (immunosuppressant; polyclonal antibodies affect T cell activation)
basiliximab (immunosuppressant; IL-2 receptor blocker)

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35
Q

SE: hypersensitivity rxns, hypotension, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema

A

basiliximab (immunosuppressant; IL-2 receptor blocker)

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36
Q

SE: mild hypertension

A

cyclosporine (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme)

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37
Q

SE: hypotension

A

basiliximab (immunosuppressant; IL-2 receptor blocker)

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38
Q

SE: GI cell disruption

A

mycophenolate mofetil (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme)

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39
Q

SE: GI problems (ulcers, gastritis, GI bleeding)

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

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40
Q

SE: GI upset/dysfunction

A

theophylline (asthma; phosphodiesterase inhibitor)
aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)
hydroxychloroquine (immunosuppressant; interferes with macrophage processing of antigen)

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41
Q

SE: lack of growth (esp in children)

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

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42
Q

SE: immune system depression (infections, poor wound healing)

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

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43
Q

SE: infusion –> itching, hypotension, fever

A

infliximab (immunosuppressant; bind TNF)

44
Q

SE: infusion reaction

A

ibritumomab (cancer; “o” = mouse)

45
Q

SE: kidney perfusion

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)

46
Q

SE: liver damage

A

acetaminophen overdose (inhibits COX enzymes)

47
Q

SE: dec in GSH in liver

A

acetaminophen (inhibits COX enzymes)

48
Q

SE: inc liver enzymes

A

zileuton (astha; inhibits enzyme for leukotriene synthesis)

zariflukast, montelukast (asthma; leukotriene receptor blockers)

49
Q

SE: inhibits mammalian cell division

A

methotrexate (cancer + immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme dihydrofolate reductase)
systemic effects on GI, blood cells, fetal development

50
Q

SE: metabolic changes (weight gain, fat redistribution)

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

51
Q

SE: reduce miosis in eye surgery

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)

direct effect on iris

52
Q

SE: muscle wasting (thin arms, legs)

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

53
Q

SE: myelosupression

A

methotrexate (cancer + immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme dihydrofolate reductase)

54
Q

SE: inc myocardial infarction

A

celecoxib (NSAID; COX2 inhibitor)

55
Q

SE: nephrotoxicity

A

cyclosporine (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme)
tacrolimus (immunosuppressant; binds FK binding protein –> *inhibits calcineurin phosphatase enzyme)
sirolimus, everolimus (immunosuppressant; binds FK binding protein –> *inhibits kinase enzyme)

56
Q

SE: neurotoxicity

A

tacrolimus (immunosupporessant; binds FK binding protein –> *inhibits calcineurin phosphatase enzyme)

57
Q

SE: osteoporosis, osteonecrosis

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

58
Q

SE: ototoxicity, renal damage

A

cisplatin (cancer; cell cycle non-specific alkylating agent)

59
Q

SE: damage to protective systems(skin thins, easy bruising, acne)

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

60
Q

SE: PML = progressive multi-focal leukoencephalopathe

A

natalizumab, vedolizumab (immunosuppressant; binds alpha-integrins)

61
Q

SE: pulmonary edema

A 
aspirin ovedose (inhibits COX enzymes)
basiliximab (immunosuppressant; IL-2 receptor blocker)
62
Q

SE: pulmonary fibrosis

A

dactinomycin, bleomycin, “mycin”s (cancer; intercalate with DNA)

63
Q

SE: pulmonary toxicity

A

sirolimus, everolimus (immunosuppressant; binds FK binding protein –> *inhibits kinase enzyme)

64
Q

SE: inc respiration rates

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)

65
Q

SE: irreversible retinal damage

A

hydroxychloroquine (immunosuppressant; interferes with macrophage processing of antigen)

66
Q

SE: retinal changes, inc cataract formation

A

tamoxifen, fulvestrant (cancer; blocks estrogen receptor)

67
Q

SE: ocular changes (inc cataract formation, glaucoma)

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

68
Q

SE: Reye’s syndrome

A

aspirin + viral infection in child (inhibits COX enzymes)

69
Q

SE: serotonin syndrome

A

“triptan”s (migraine agents; serotonin agonist)

70
Q

SE: St. Anthony’s fire

A

ergotamine, dihydroergotamine (partial serotonin agonist)

71
Q

SE: inc stroke

A

celecoxib (NSAID; COX2 inhibitor)

72
Q

SE: tachycardia

A

beta agonists

73
Q

SE: thrombocytopenia

A

indomethacin (NSAID, inhibits COX enzymes), azathioprine (immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme for purine/GMP synthesis)

74
Q

SE: tinnitus

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)

75
Q

SE: tremor

A

beta agonists

76
Q

SE: vasoconstriction

A

“triptan”s (migraine agents; serotonin agonist)

77
Q

SE: vasospasms –> gangrene

A

ergotamine, dihydroergotamine (partial serotonin agonist)

78
Q

Treatment for: acetaminophen overdose

A

n-acetylcysteine

79
Q

Treatment for: allergic reactions (dermatoses, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis)

A

H1 receptor blockers

80
Q

Treatment for: anti-emetic, anti-nausea

A

H1 receptor blockers

81
Q

Treatment for: asthma prophylaxis

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

82
Q

Treatment for: chronic asthma

A

theophylline (asthma; phosphodiesterase inhibitor)

83
Q

Treatment for: COPD (off-label asthma)

A

cholinergic blockers (ipratropium bromide, tiotropium)

84
Q

Treatment for: CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

A

rituximab (cancer; MAB against CD20 receptor)

85
Q

Treatment for: CML (chroni myelogenous leukemia)

A

imitinib (cancer, protein kinase inhibitor)

86
Q

Treatment for: migraine headaches

A

“triptan”s (migraine agents; serotonin agonist)

ergotamine, dihydroergotamine (partial serotonin agonist)

87
Q

Treatment for: multiple myeloma

A

bortezomib, carfilzomib (cancer; proteasome inhibitor)

88
Q

Treatment for: myelosuppression

A

leucovorin (caused by methotrexate - cancer + immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme dihydrofolate reductase)

89
Q

Treatment for: neoplasias of immune system (leukemias, lymphomas)

A

prednisone (glucocorticoids; activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

90
Q

Treatment for: patent ductus arteriosus

A

indomethacin (NSAID, inhibits COX enzymes)

91
Q

Treatment for: acute renal transplant rejection

A

atgam/ATG/antithymocyte globulin (immunosuppressant; polyclonal antibodies affect T cell activation)

92
Q

DOC rheumatoid arthritis

A

methotrexate (cancer + immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme dihydrofolate reductase)

93
Q

1st pass metabolism

A

glucocorticoids (activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

94
Q

P450

A

early H1 receptor blockers

cortisone, prednisone (glucocorticoids; activate an enzyme? *Bind and activate an internal receptor)

95
Q

contraindicated in patients with clotting deficiences

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)

96
Q

don’t cross blood-brain barrier

A

H2 receptor blockers

97
Q

DMARD (disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug)

A

methotrexate (cancer + immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme dihydrofolate reductase)

98
Q

used with other immunosuppressants, like methotrexate

A

anakinra (immunosupressants; blocks IL-1 receptor)

rilonacept (immunosupressants; binds IL-1 molecule)

99
Q

not with TNF inhibitors

A

anakinra (immunosupressants; blocks IL-1 receptor)

rilonacept (immunosupressants; binds IL-1 molecule)

100
Q

pregnancy concerns

A
  • ergotamine, dihydroergotamine (partial serotonin agonist) –> uterine contractions
  • aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes) –> inhibits labor
  • methotrexate (cancer + immunosuppressant; inhibits enzyme dihydrofolate reductase) –> tetranogen
  • leflunomide –> teriflunomide (immunosuppressant; inhibit enyzme) –> tetranogen
101
Q

synergistic with CNS depressants

A

1st gen H1 receptor blockers

102
Q

synergistic effect with SSRIs or MAO inhibitors

A

“triptan”s (migraine agents; serotonin agonist)

103
Q

displaces warfarin on plasma proteins (drug interaction - should not be used together)

A

aspirin (inhibits COX enzymes)

104
Q

SE: thrombocytopenia, coronal opacities, aplastic enema

A

indomethacin (NSAID, inhibits COX enzymes)

105
Q

SE: inc MI and stroke

A

celecoxib (NSAID; COX2 inhibitor)

106
Q

SE: can cause neoplasia

A 
cancer - cell cycle non-specific
alkylating agents (cyclophosphamide, lomustine, cisplatin)

AU14 SE and Treatments (5 decks)

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