Exam 5 Flashcards
What is animal welfare
ensuring the human treatment of animals being used by humans
5freedoms for animals
- freedom from hunger and thirst
- freedom from discomfort
- freedom from pain, injury or disease
- freedom to express normal behavior
- freedom from fear and distress
Good state o welfare
healthy, comfortable
well nourished, safe
able to express innate behavior
not suffering from unpleasant states such as pain, fear, and distress
Animal Rights definition
animals are equal to humans
States and humans do not have the right to use animals at all
sentient beings
aware of their existence
Animal group categories
animal eploitation animal use animal welfare animal rights animal liberation
most extreme for use of animals
animal exploitation
most extreme against use of animals
animal liberation
Animal exploitation beliefs
Animals are human property
activities of animal exploitation
advocate or conduct activities that are illegal such as dog or cock fighting
beliefs of animal use
believe that animals exist for human use
have guidelines for the responsible care of the animals
that use of animals for food should be as painless as possible
Examples of groups that fall under animal use
hunting and fishing
livestock production
rodeos
zoos
Animal welfare organization beliefs
support humane treatment of animals
support spaying and neutering of animals
support euthanasia
Activities of animal welfare organization groups
publicise and document cases of animal abuse in an attempt to change laws
work within existing laws to accomplish their goals
Animal rights organization beliefs
animals have intrinsic rights which should be guaranteed like human rights
Animal liberation group beliefs
animals should not be forced to work or produce for human benefit
that animals, including pets, should be liberated
Local SPCA group
animal welfare
Local animal center
animal welfare
only intake facility for wake county
wake county animal center
how do animals leave the animal shelter
adoption, euthanasia, reclaim
HSUS
human society of the united states
PETA
people for ethical treatment of animals
animal rights
HSUS
human society of the united states
animal rights
ALF
Animal liberation front
Issue with ALF
conduct illegal activities
on FBI domestic terrorist list
economic pressures on companies for animal welfare
demand accountability in terms of how animals are raised
Mcdonalds and animal use
the first to adopt research based animal welfare guidelines
Farming and Animal Welfare
farmers consider animal welfare
AVMA
contains 8 principles of animal welfare
- integrated principles of animal welfare
- Responsible use
- Balancing scientific and societal values
- environment and care
- minimize suffering
- housing evaluation
- conservation of the population
- humane end of life
- vet profession constantly seeking improvement with development of legislations and regulations
Integrated principle: Responsible use
the responsible use of animals for human purposes, such as companionship, food, fiber, recreation, work, education, exhibition, and research conducted for the benefit of both humans and animals is consistent with the veternarians oath
integrated principles: scientific vs societal values
decisions regarding animal care, use, and welfare shall be made by balancing scientific knowledge and professional judgement with consideration of ethical and societal values
integrated principle: environment and care
animals must be provided water, food, proper handling, health care, and an environment appropriate to their care and use, with thoughtful consideration for their species typical biology and behavior
integrated principle: minimizing suffering
animals should be cared for in ways that minimize fear, pain, stress, and suffering
integrated principle: housing
procedures related to animal housing, management, care, and use should be continuously evaluated when indicated, refined or replaced
integrated principle: conservation
conservation and management of animal populations should be human, socially responsible, and scientifically prudent
integrated principles: death
animals shall be treated with respect and dignity throughout their lives and, when necessary, provided a human death
integrated principle: veterinary profession
the vet profession shall continually strive to improve animal health and welfare through scientific research, education, collaboration, advocacy, and the development of legislation and regulations
integrated principle: veterinary profession
the vet profession shall continually strive to improve animal health and welfare through scientific research, education, collaboration, advocacy, and the development of legislation and regulations
FVE
federation of veterinarians of europe
CVMA
Canadian vet med association
where are the five freedoms documented
internationally accepted
under AVMA policies
Policies enacted by AVMA
ownership vs guardianship animal abuse and neglect euthanasia of unwanted/unfit animals livestock handling pain in animals
Animal welfare act
U.S law
every university or corporation that uses animals for education or research must have an IACUC
all activities must be reviewed and approved by a group of scientists
IACUC
institutional animal care and use committee
responsibilities of the IACUC
review all activities involving animal use
inspect all facilities in which animals are housed or procedures on animals are performed (including teaching)
Spectrum of animal rights
most people do not fit into any one category that we have discussed
Spectrum of animal rights
most people do not fit into any one category that we have discussed
differences in llamas and alpacas
llamas are bigger
llamas only have fiber down to the hock joint
llamas have banana ears
are llamas and alpacas considered livestock?
yes
purpose of dubbing llamas and alpacas livestock
must be zoned for livestock
tax purposes
hybrid of llama and alpaca?
different genus for each but have the same number of chromosomes and can interbreed
llama genus
lama glama
aplaca genus
vicugna pacos
first domestication of llamas and alpacas
south america
5,000 years ago
because cold
purpose of domestication of llamas
pack animals and meat
purpose of domestication of alpacas
fine fiber and meat
How do llamas and alpacas differ from sheep and goats
- 3 compartment stomach
- designated defecation area
- walk on soft pad
- breeding
- induced ovulators
- 4 teats
compartments of the llama and alpaca stomach
C1,2,3
where does fermentation occur in alpacas and llamas
C-1 and C-2
purpose of C-3
similar to abomasum in ruminants
C1 secreates
bicarbonate to buffer contents
are camelids ruminants?
no but they ruminate
Breeding aspects of llamas and alpacas
orgling
kush position
do llamas and alpacas have estrous cycles?
nope
theyre induced ovulators
How do llamas and alpacas differ from each other?
llamas are bigger
llamas have bana ears
alpacas have stronger herd instinct
alpacas have fine fiber while llamas have course fber
how big are llamas
400 pounds
45 inch at the withers
how big are alpacas
150 pounds
36 in at the withers
llamas can be used how because of their independence
as guard animals for alpacas, sheep, or goats
must be castrated males
Types of alpacas
Huacaya
Suri
Huacaya
fleece resembles fine wool
Suri
fleece is in locks and look similar to an angora goat
Most llamas and alpacas are
very gentle but can have behavioral issues
Behavior issues in llamas and alpacas
- spit
- chest butting/kicking
- aberrant behavior syndrome
Llama spit
actually contents from their first stomach compartment
aberrant behavior syndrome
seen in hand raised males
consider humans to be peers
and will challenge a human after reaching puberty
Challenges with llamas and alpacas
Incisors keep growing and can develop fighting teeth
Can die from hypothermia in summers
is there even a market in the area
vets?
What is done to prevent sunburn on alpacas and llamas
when shorned an inch is left
alpaca and llama vet upkeep
routine health care
meningeal worm
internal parasites
Food Infection
Food intoxication
Symptoms of food poisoning/infection
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea