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Med Surg 1 > Exam 5 > Flashcards

Exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder? (GERD)

A

Caused from a relaxed lower esophageal sphincter

Acid reflux from stomach ⬆️ to esophagus, causing irritation 😮‍💨

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2
Q

S & S of GERD

A

Dyspepsia (pain)
Regurgitation 🤮
Heartburn ❤️‍🔥

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3
Q

GERD teaching

A

Diet management
Sit up after eating 🪑
⬇️ irritating factors 🔥-
🍫, ⬆️fatty, 🧂, 🌶️ foods

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4
Q

What is a Hiatal Hernia

A

Portion of stomach herniates into esophagus

Caused by weak diaphragm or
⬆️ intraabdominal pressure

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5
Q

Nursing management for Hiatal Hernia

A

Diet education
⬇️ abd pressure

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6
Q

What is Peptic Ulcer 🕳️Disease (PUD)

A

🕳️ Erosion of mucosa in the stomach or duodenum by acid & pepsin ⛏️

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7
Q

Common causes of Peotic Ulcer Disease? 🕳️

A

🏆- H-Pylori
or

Smoking🚬
NSAIDS 💊
ETOH 🍷
Coffee ☕
Stress 📚📖

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8
Q

S&S of gastric PUD?

A

Pain 1-2hrs after 🍽️
🌮 food makes pain worse
Can cause obstruction 🪨
Weight loss 💀
Emesis 🤮

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9
Q

S&S if duodenal PUD

A

Pain 2-5hrs after meals ⌛
Pain relieved with 🌮☺️
90% H-Pylori 🦠
Pain at🌛

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10
Q

PUD Nursing Interventions

A

Teaching-
💊- Meds, Abx, 🚫NSAIDS & compliance
🚫🚬, ⬇️ stress
Dietary modifications

Monitor 🩸loss & 🤮
Oral care 🦷🪥

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11
Q

What is Peritonitis?

A

Caused by perforation or rupture of abd organs ✨

Intestines and 🦠 are Now in the peritoneum 🤬

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12
Q

S&S of Peritonitis?

A

Abdominal pain/tenderness 🥵
Rigid abdomen
Distension 🫄
Fever🤒
Tachycardia 🫀
Nausea & 🤮

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13
Q

Nursing management 🩺for Peritonitis

A

Vitals 🩺
Oxygen
Pain 💊
🔍 I/Os
Labs- Electrolytes & CBC 🩸

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14
Q

What is IBS and what is it caused by?

A

Chronic inflammation of GI 🫄

Caused by:
Ulcerative Collitits (large colon)
Crohns Disease (any part of GI)

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15
Q

Crohn’s S & S

A

Fistulas 🚇 & strictures 🦠
Weight loss
Malabsorption 💀
🚽 diarrhea 5-7x/day
Abdominal pain 😖

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16
Q

Ulcerative Coloitis S&s

A

Inflammation & 🕳️ @rectum 🍑
⬆️ to cecum

⬆️ 🚽 a lot of diarrhea with 🩸,
10-20x/day
Mild-severe cramping 😖
Electrolyte ⬇️
Pseudopolyps 🍇
Anemia 🩸
Dehydration 🥵

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17
Q

IBD management

A

⬆️ calorie & protein
⬇️ fiber 🍃
Iron supplement 💊
💊 therapy
Correct F/E loss 💦
Prevent weight loss
Monitor 💩, pain, VS, weight, I/Os
Post-op care
GI assessment 🩺

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18
Q

Intestinal obstruction 💩🪨 S&S

A

SBO:
⏲️Sudden abdominal pain
⬆️Pitched tinkling above area of obstruction ☔

LBO:
Distension 🤰🏽
Constipation 🪨
Bowl sounds present, then slowly hypoactive👂

19
Q

Bowel obstruction management 🤕

A

Post-op care (Ostomy?)
✔️I/O
Hydration 💦
NG tube 🐽
Monitor 💩, 🤮, pH

20
Q

Hepatitis S&S

A

Jaundice 👨‍🦳
Lathargic 🛌
Ascites 🫄
🩸Issues
Color change of urine and 💩

21
Q

What are you at risk for with Liver Disease?

A

Bleeding 🩸

22
Q

This can lead to Sepsis

A

Peritonitis 🦠

23
Q

Cirrhosis S&S

A

End stage Liver Disease- fibrosed 🪨

Ascites 🫄
Jaundice 👨‍🦱
Esophageal varies 🩸
Low platelets
Ammonia- 💊 Lactulose (diarrhea)

24
Q

Untreated STIs can lead to?

A

Infertility 🚫👶🏼
Chronic pain 😖
Ectopic pregnancy
Sepsis 🦠🥵

25
Q

Chlamydia

A

🏆most common STI
⬆️ in women 👭💖
Often 🚫 symptoms
Discharge, dysuria 1-3wks after 🦠
Pelvic inflam Disease in women
Men & Women= scarring

26
Q

Syphilis

A

Primary- Infectious 🦠Lesions (2wks-3m)
Secondary- 🤒, rash to ✋🦶(1wk-6m)
Latent- 2ndary sx disappear
Tertiary- systemic
(🦴, skin, 🫀, 🧠CNS)

27
Q

Gonorrhea

A

Common in US
⬆️ in males 💙

Women- urethritis, Purulent vaginal discharge 😳, PID, infertility

Men- ureghritis, dysuria, swollen & painful testicles, purulemt penile discharge 😳

28
Q

Genetal Herpes (HSV)
Herpes sImplex type 2

A

Burning 🔥
Itching
Tingling
Lesions/blisters
Triggers🔫 - stress, weak immune

29
Q

General Warts (HPV)

A

🤍🩶🩷colored papillary growths
1-10 warts at a time

Men- 🍌, scrotum, anal, urethral
Women- inner thigh, vulva, vagina, cervix, perineum

Get vaccinated as child

30
Q

What is a Sprain? 🤔

A

Injury to Ligaments surrounding joint
(bone-to-bone)

Usually with twisting motion 🌀

31
Q

What is a Strain?

A

Excessive stretching of a muscle 💪, often involving tendon
(muscle-to-muscle)

32
Q

What is a closed fracture?

A

A broken 🦴

🚫 break in skin

33
Q

What is an open fracture?

A

A broken 🦴

There is a 🕳️ in the skin

Example: person shot self in hand w/ nail 🔫& broke bone 🦴

⬆️ risk of 🦠

34
Q

Hip Fracture 🕺🏻

A

Common in 👵👴🏾
External 🦵rotation
Shortening of extremity
Severe pain 😖

Surgery- Hip replacement
🚫 turning on affected side
DTV 🩸 in long 🦴
🚫Bending

35
Q

Amputation ⛏️

A

Due to PVD or DM 🍭
Preserve as much 🦴as possible
Pain management 💊
Rehab ♿
Body image coping 🤕

36
Q

Joint surgery 🔪

A

To improve ROM
Neurovascular Assessment 🧠🩸
Anticoagulants
Analgesia
Antibiotics 💊
Ambulation 🚶

37
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

🦠 of:
Bone 🦴
None marrow
Surrounding soft tissue

38
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Chronic, ⬇️🦴 mass & deterioration⚒️

Fragile bones
💊- steroids, calcium, vit D
🚫🚭🍹

39
Q

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis

A

Females 💓
Older age 👵
Family Hx of Osteoperosis
Hypothyroid
White & Asian race
Small stature
Early menopause 🩸
⬇️ calcium
Sedentary lifestyle 🛋️

40
Q

What is Arthritis?

A

Inflammation of a or multiple joint/s
causing pain 😖, swelling, and stiffness 🫳🏽

41
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Slowly progressive inflammation of synovial joints

Risk factor-
⬆️Age
Genetics 🧬
Obesity
Injury 🤕

42
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

Chronic, Systemic ,Autoimmune disease
Inflammation of connective tissue and joints 🦴

Genetic 🧬& environmental factors

⬆️ Women

43
Q

What are the 5 Ps in a Nueurovascular Assessment?

A

Pain 😖
Pallor🦵🏻
Pulse 🩸
Paresthesia
Paralysis

Extra P- Pochiothermia (temp)

Med Surg 1 (5 decks)

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