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Med Surg 1 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some requirements Prior to Surgery?

A

Hx & Physical Exam
Voiding 💛
Diagnostic studies 🩻xray🤰🏽peg test, EKG, Labs 🆎
Consent Form 📝
Identify surgical site 🦵🏽⭕️✔️
Patient Identification 🪪

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2
Q

Who is responsible for obtaining consent?

A

Surgeon!
(Don’t sign as a witness if you were NOT there 🚫)

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3
Q

Day of surgery checklist ✔️

A

Hospital gown 🏥👗
Skin prep
Pulse ox on pt
ID & Allergy band
No makeup 💄
Remover Jewlery 💍, 🦷dentures, 👂🏼aids, prosthesis 🦿, contacts, 👓 , 📱
(Give to family or document 📄 what your holding for them)

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4
Q

Time out for the Team, Check these! ✔️

A

Correct patient 🪪
Correct procedure
Correct side and site 🖊️
Agreement that everything is ready to go

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5
Q

When the RN gets a patient from recent surgery, what is important to know?

A

Type of anesthesia the patient received 🤿💉

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6
Q

What is a possible complication, post surgery?

A

Hypothermia 🥶❄️
(Up to 12hrs post surgery)

Monitor temperature 🤒
Use warming blanket
Can lead to impaired wound healing ❤️‍🩹

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7
Q

What is Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Rare metabolic disorder
Fast ⬆️ in body 🌡️
➡️ severe muscle 💪🏽 contractions
Can treat with Dantrolene 💊 and 🧊

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8
Q

What are the PACU ABC’s?

A

Airway 👅🐽-
obstruction?

Breathing 🫁-
Supplemental oxygen, quality

Circulation-
Bleeding 🩸, skin color and 🌡️, peripheral pulses, cap refill, vitals

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9
Q

What are some postoperative complications?

A

Airway obstruction- drowsy & supine
Atelectasis- encourage cough
Pneumonia
Pulmonary Embolism
(Sx- Tachycardia, tachypnea, ⬇️O2, hypotension, bronchospasm)
Hemorrhage🩸 (w/in 24hrs)
Hypotension
Cardiac Dysrhythmias🫀
Infection 🦠
Constapation💩/ Paralytic Ileus
Low Urine production (+0.5mL/kg/hr)
Urinary retention 🫄
Delirium (hypoxia)
Body Image (amputations)
Wound (dehisance/evisceration)

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10
Q

Non-pharmacological pain 😖 interventions

A

Heat/cold therapy 🔥🧊
Repositioning
Distraction
🎶 music
Massage
Meditation

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11
Q

Pharmacologic 💊Pain interventions

A

Opioids💊
Non-opioids (APAP/NSAIDS)
Antiemetics
Antidepressant
Antispasmodics
Anti-anxiety
Nerve block 💉

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12
Q

Surgical Discharge Criteria

A

Mobile & Alert
No driving 🚫🏎️
Minimal N/V 🤢🤮
Voided if appropriate to surgical procedure 🚽
Understands written discharge instructions 📋🤔

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13
Q

Post Op Discharge Teaching

A

Side effects of meds 💊
Activities allowed & prohibited 🚫 🏋🏽‍♀️
Diet restrictions 🐖🍩
Report symptoms!
Follow-up care 👨🏻‍⚕️
Wound care ⚕️

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14
Q

The patients stress pre-surgery can cause?

A

Elevated serum glucose

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15
Q

Common duties of a Circulating Nurse 🧑‍⚕️

A

Ensures supplies & equipment are available
Assists with induction of anesthesia
Transfers pt to the OR bed
✔️chart & relates pertinent data
Documents intraoperative care
Identify & Assess the patient
Measures 🩸& urine output
Applies monitoring devices
Coordinates intraoperative care
Monitors aseptic technique ✂️
Accompanies pt to postanesthesia recovery area

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16
Q

Common Duties of a Scrub Nurse 🧼

A

Assists with draping
Keeps track of irrigation solutions 💧 used for circulating blood loss
Passes instruments to surgeon ✂️
Prepares instrument table 🥄
Organizes sterile equipment
➕Counts sponges, needles & instruments

17
Q

What labs are in a CBC?
(complete blood count)

A

WBC & platelet count
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
Hematocrit (Hct)

18
Q

What is a normal WBC lab level?

A

5,000-10,000

19
Q

What is the normal Hemoglobin?

A

Female 💃: 12-16

Male 🕺🏻: 14-18

(low= anemic)

20
Q

What is a normal Hematocrit?

A

Female 🚺 37%-47%

Male 🚹 42%-52%

21
Q

What is a normal Platelet lab value?

A

150,000 - 400,000

22
Q

Manifestations of Anemia

A

SOB, tachypnea
Tachycardia, 🫀palpitations
Ortho syncope, fatigue
HA, Dizziness
Sensitivity to ❄️🥶
Pallor
Yellowing 💛to eyes & skin

23
Q

What is sickle cell anemia?

A

Hereditary
Sickled RBCs
Cell lysis ➡️ anemia

Triggers:
Hypoxia, dehydration, ❄️ cold, strenuous exercise 🏋️‍♂️, infx 🦠, stress, blood 🩸 loss, altitude sickness

Pain ➡️ tissue ischemia

24
Q

Sickle Cell Nursing Interventions ⚕️

A

Oxygen
IV fluids 💧
Pain meds 💊
Warm compress
Avoid high altitudes 🏔️ & 🏋🏽‍♀️

25
Q

What can cause Iron deficiency anemia besides malnutrition?

A

Heavy menstruation
Ulceration 🕳️
Malignancy
GI bleed 🩸
Celiac Disease 🚫🍞
Irritable bowel Disease

26
Q

S&S of Iron deficiency anemia

A

Atrophic glossitis (red 👅)

Pallor & checkouts
(Cracking 👄)

Brittle 💅🏼

27
Q

Anemia Nursing Interventions

A

Ferrous Sulfate 💊(black 💩, liquid can stain 🦷, can cause constapation)

⬆️iron foods- Meat, 🍳, leafy 🥬

Blood 🩸 transfusions

28
Q

What is B12 Deficiency?

A

Pernicious Anemia

Can cause paresthesia of 👋🏽& 🦶
(Fall risk)
Common in GI disease

29
Q

Who is a Folate Deficiency common with?

A

People with:
Malabsorption syndromes
Anorexia
Alcohol use 🍻🍷
Drug use

(Take Folic Acid vitamin)

30
Q

What is Polycythemia Vera?

A

⬆️🩸RBC
Hct > 55%
Blood is thick & can form clots (PE)
HA
HTN
Fatigued
Pruritis 🔥👋🏽

Treatment:
Low dose ASA
Hydration 💧
Therapeutic phlebotomy

31
Q

What is the role of erythropoietin in the regulation of RBC?

A

To stimulate RBC 🩸 production

32
Q

What is a common assement finding with a pt with a ⬇️ hemoglobin?

A

Pallor & fatigue

33
Q

C/o fatigue, Dyspnea on exertion, numbness & tingling in fingers & toes correlates with what condition?

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

Med Surg 1 (5 decks)

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