Exam 3 Flashcards
This electrolyte can be ⬇️ in those with CKD
Hypocalcemia 🍊
When BP is low, the line of action will help ⬆️ it. Too much of this can be harmful ‼️to the kidneys
RAASystem
1️⃣Priority nursing concern in a patient with renal calculi 🪨
Acute pain 🥴 💊
🧑🔬If found in urinalysis, it can be indicative of a UTI 💛
Nitrates 🏰
Risk factors😱 for development of a UTI 💛
Hard to void 😫🚽
A great way to monitor fluid balance 💦
⚖️ Daily weights 🫄
Low K, low Na, low phosphate should involve what kind of diet?
Renal Diet 🥗🫘🫛
This happens easy in someone with renal disease
🌊🏄♀️ Fluid overload ⬆️💧
A decreased erythropoietin 🩸can cause
💤Anemia 🩸😴
This is done to act as the kidneys
Dialysis 🩸
⚠️UTIs effecting the kidneys and the bladder
Pyelonephritis
Normal creatinine values
0.5-1.2
Normal Bun values 🍑
10-20
📝 Major cause of Chronic Kidney Disease
HTN 🫀and DM 🍬🍭
Dangerous ‼️electrolyte inbalance in someone with kidney disease
⬆️ Hyperkalemia
Used after TURP to keep the bladder clot free 🚫🩸
CBI
Can be caused by “nurses bladder” 👩🏻⚕️
UTI 🦠
BPH can cause this 🎈
Post renal cause of AKI
Possible imbalance in someone with CKD, a low pH 🧑🔬a low HC03, and a high K
🩸Metabolic acidosis 🥽🧪
S& S include frequency, dribble ⛹🏾♀️at the end of urination and nocturia 🌝
🎈BPH
📚Education piece for a patient recovering from a UTI 🛌
🚽Urinate every 3-4 hours ⏳while awake
This itching 🧴of the skin can be a sign of CKD
🧴Pruritus
To help maintain fluid balance 💧especially with hypernatremia
🚫💧Fluid restrictions 🚫☕️🥤🧃
A ⬇️ in this in someone with CKD leads to baseline anemia 🩸
🩸Erythropoietin
Urine output lower than 🤏🏽40mL in 24 hours ⏱️
Anuria 😐
Interventions that can reduce the risk of developing HTN
⬇️Reduce:
ETOH Intake 🍻🍻😳
Body weight 🫃🏽
Stress 😖
Quit smoking 🚬🚭
Control DM 🍭
Low sodium 🧂🥨
🏋️♂️💪🏽Exercise
What is the amount of 🩸 pumped by each ventricle in 1 min called?
🫀Cardiac Output ➡️
What are S&S of L- sided 🫀HF?
Crackles 🫁
Pink 💞frothy sputum
Orthopnea
Weakness
What is a manifestation of myocardial ischemia?
❤️🩹Angina
What is intermittent claudication?
Ischemic muscle pain created with 🏋🏽♀️exercise/activity, severe cramping 🦵🏻and resolves with rest 🪑
What are the values for Stage 2 ✌🏽HTN?
SBP 140+
DBP 90+
What is the thickening of the chamber causing the heart 🫀not to pump effectively?
(LV) Hypertrophy
What causes CAD? 🪢
Hyperlipidemia 🐖
HTN ⬆️
Tobacco use 💨
🍩DM
What is the recommended 🫀Cardiac Diet? 🍏
Aka Dash Diet 🏃🏽♂️💨
Low fat dairy 🐄
Lean proteins 🐟
Grains 🌾
🍇🍓Fruits and Vegetables 🥕 🥬
What is the biggest problem/effect of HTN?
🩶End organ damage 🖤
The 🩸 from the right ventricle gets pumped into…
➡️The pulmonary 🫁arteries🪢
JVD, dependent edema, and weight gain 🫃🏼are signs of?
➡️Right sided Heart failure 🫀
What causes angina? ❤️🩹
🤏🏽Narrowing of 1 or more of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis;
Insufficient 🩸 flow to the heart ♥️
What are the Total Cholesterol lab values?
Less than 200 ⬇️ 🐷
What is the HDL lab value?
🧔🏻 Males: 45+
👩🦳Females: 55+
What are the values for a hypertensive crisis?
180/120 and 🆙
🩸 flows from the pulmonary 🫁vein through what valve, into the left ventricle?
Mitral Valve 🫀
What do you call it when Stable angina becomes 📉Unstable angina? ❤️🩹
Acute Coronary Syndrome ‼️
Lower extremity edema🦵🏼, thick hardened skin, and non-healing wounds are signs of…
🅿️eripheral vascular disease
What is Ejection fraction?
How well the ♥️ pumps blood out➡️ with each beat, the percentage of 🩸 leaving your ♥️ with each contraction
What are some complications of Heart Failure? ❤️🩹
🫁Pleural effusion, renal issues, anemia🩸, dysrhythmias 📈
Coronary 🪢artery spasms cause…
Prinzmetal Angina
Tachycardia, sudden chest pain, 🫁dyspnea are signs of?
🫁 Pulmonary embolism 🩸
S&S of DVT? 🩸
🦵🏼Unilateral leg edema
Pain 😖
Tenderness
Dilated superficial veins
Paresthesias 📌🧷
Warm skin 🥵
Erythema 🚩
Possible temp of 100.4+
Can travel to PE
Chronic Venous 💙Insufficiency symptoms and treatment (CVI)
Leathery Brown skin (legs) 🦵🏾
Pitting edema 🕳️
Compression
Elevation of legs to reduce edema
Ambulate as tolerated 🚶♀️
Peripheral 🅰️rterial Disease Symptoms and treatment
Muscle pain with exercise 😖🏋️♂️
Pain resolves with rest 🪑
Thin, shiny 💎 skin
Hairless legs 🦵🏻
Decreased pedal pulse
Ulcer risk 🕳️
Pain worse with elevation
Thick, rigid toe nails
What are the ranges for ⬆️ Elevated Blood Pressure?
SBP: 120-129
DBP: 80+
What are the ranges for Stage 1️⃣ HTN?
SBP: 130-139
DBP: 80-89
What are the ranges for Stage 2️⃣ HTN?
140/90 and 🆙
CVD targeted organs are?
🫀Heart- hypertensive heart disease
🧠Brain- cerebrovascular disease
🪢Peripheral vessels- PVD
Kidneys- nephrosclerosis
👁️Eyes- retinopathy
What are lifestyle modifications towards ⬇️BP and cardiovascular risk?
Manage BP
Control cholesterol
⬇️ Reduce BS 🩸🍭
🏂🚴♂️Get active 🏃🏽♀️
🥗🥬Eat better
Lose weight
Stop smoking 🚭
Initial treatment/ Nursing intervention for Acute Coronary Syndrome?
Pain assessment/relief (Nitro, Morphine, oxygen) 💊
Promotion of rest 🛌
🎶Stress alleviations 🎷
Heart Failure Nursing management
Decrease in symptoms (SOB/fatigue)
Decrease peripheral edema
Increase exercise 🏊 🏃♂️
Medication therapy 💊
