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Med Surg 1 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

This electrolyte can be ⬇️ in those with CKD

A

Hypocalcemia 🍊

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2
Q

When BP is low, the line of action will help ⬆️ it. Too much of this can be harmful ‼️to the kidneys

A

RAASystem

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3
Q

1️⃣Priority nursing concern in a patient with renal calculi 🪨

A

Acute pain 🥴 💊

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4
Q

🧑‍🔬If found in urinalysis, it can be indicative of a UTI 💛

A

Nitrates 🏰

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5
Q

Risk factors😱 for development of a UTI 💛

A

Hard to void 😫🚽

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6
Q

A great way to monitor fluid balance 💦

A

⚖️ Daily weights 🫄

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7
Q

Low K, low Na, low phosphate should involve what kind of diet?

A

Renal Diet 🥗🫘🫛

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8
Q

This happens easy in someone with renal disease

A

🌊🏄‍♀️ Fluid overload ⬆️💧

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9
Q

A decreased erythropoietin 🩸can cause

A

💤Anemia 🩸😴

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10
Q

This is done to act as the kidneys

A

Dialysis 🩸

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11
Q

⚠️UTIs effecting the kidneys and the bladder

A

Pyelonephritis

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12
Q

Normal creatinine values

A

0.5-1.2

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13
Q

Normal Bun values 🍑

A

10-20

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14
Q

📝 Major cause of Chronic Kidney Disease

A

HTN 🫀and DM 🍬🍭

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15
Q

Dangerous ‼️electrolyte inbalance in someone with kidney disease

A

⬆️ Hyperkalemia

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16
Q

Used after TURP to keep the bladder clot free 🚫🩸

A

CBI

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17
Q

Can be caused by “nurses bladder” 👩🏻‍⚕️

A

UTI 🦠

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18
Q

BPH can cause this 🎈

A

Post renal cause of AKI

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19
Q

Possible imbalance in someone with CKD, a low pH 🧑‍🔬a low HC03, and a high K

A

🩸Metabolic acidosis 🥽🧪

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20
Q

S& S include frequency, dribble ⛹🏾‍♀️at the end of urination and nocturia 🌝

A

🎈BPH

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21
Q

📚Education piece for a patient recovering from a UTI 🛌

A

🚽Urinate every 3-4 hours ⏳while awake

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22
Q

This itching 🧴of the skin can be a sign of CKD

A

🧴Pruritus

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23
Q

To help maintain fluid balance 💧especially with hypernatremia

A

🚫💧Fluid restrictions 🚫☕️🥤🧃

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24
Q

A ⬇️ in this in someone with CKD leads to baseline anemia 🩸

A

🩸Erythropoietin

25
Q

Urine output lower than 🤏🏽40mL in 24 hours ⏱️

A

Anuria 😐

26
Q

Interventions that can reduce the risk of developing HTN

A

⬇️Reduce:
ETOH Intake 🍻🍻😳
Body weight 🫃🏽
Stress 😖
Quit smoking 🚬🚭

Control DM 🍭
Low sodium 🧂🥨
🏋️‍♂️💪🏽Exercise

27
Q

What is the amount of 🩸 pumped by each ventricle in 1 min called?

A

🫀Cardiac Output ➡️

28
Q

What are S&S of L- sided 🫀HF?

A

Crackles 🫁
Pink 💞frothy sputum
Orthopnea
Weakness

29
Q

What is a manifestation of myocardial ischemia?

A

❤️‍🩹Angina

30
Q

What is intermittent claudication?

A

Ischemic muscle pain created with 🏋🏽‍♀️exercise/activity, severe cramping 🦵🏻and resolves with rest 🪑

31
Q

What are the values for Stage 2 ✌🏽HTN?

A

SBP 140+

DBP 90+

32
Q

What is the thickening of the chamber causing the heart 🫀not to pump effectively?

A

(LV) Hypertrophy

33
Q

What causes CAD? 🪢

A

Hyperlipidemia 🐖
HTN ⬆️
Tobacco use 💨
🍩DM

34
Q

What is the recommended 🫀Cardiac Diet? 🍏

A

Aka Dash Diet 🏃🏽‍♂️💨

Low fat dairy 🐄
Lean proteins 🐟
Grains 🌾
🍇🍓Fruits and Vegetables 🥕 🥬

35
Q

What is the biggest problem/effect of HTN?

A

🩶End organ damage 🖤

36
Q

The 🩸 from the right ventricle gets pumped into…

A

➡️The pulmonary 🫁arteries🪢

37
Q

JVD, dependent edema, and weight gain 🫃🏼are signs of?

A

➡️Right sided Heart failure 🫀

38
Q

What causes angina? ❤️‍🩹

A

🤏🏽Narrowing of 1 or more of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis;
Insufficient 🩸 flow to the heart ♥️

39
Q

What are the Total Cholesterol lab values?

A

Less than 200 ⬇️ 🐷

40
Q

What is the HDL lab value?

A

🧔🏻 Males: 45+

👩‍🦳Females: 55+

41
Q

What are the values for a hypertensive crisis?

A

180/120 and 🆙

42
Q

🩸 flows from the pulmonary 🫁vein through what valve, into the left ventricle?

A

Mitral Valve 🫀

43
Q

What do you call it when Stable angina becomes 📉Unstable angina? ❤️‍🩹

A

Acute Coronary Syndrome ‼️

44
Q

Lower extremity edema🦵🏼, thick hardened skin, and non-healing wounds are signs of…

A

🅿️eripheral vascular disease

45
Q

What is Ejection fraction?

A

How well the ♥️ pumps blood out➡️ with each beat, the percentage of 🩸 leaving your ♥️ with each contraction

46
Q

What are some complications of Heart Failure? ❤️‍🩹

A

🫁Pleural effusion, renal issues, anemia🩸, dysrhythmias 📈

47
Q

Coronary 🪢artery spasms cause…

A

Prinzmetal Angina

48
Q

Tachycardia, sudden chest pain, 🫁dyspnea are signs of?

A

🫁 Pulmonary embolism 🩸

49
Q

S&S of DVT? 🩸

A

🦵🏼Unilateral leg edema
Pain 😖
Tenderness
Dilated superficial veins
Paresthesias 📌🧷
Warm skin 🥵
Erythema 🚩
Possible temp of 100.4+

Can travel to PE

50
Q

Chronic Venous 💙Insufficiency symptoms and treatment (CVI)

A

Leathery Brown skin (legs) 🦵🏾
Pitting edema 🕳️
Compression
Elevation of legs to reduce edema
Ambulate as tolerated 🚶‍♀️

51
Q

Peripheral 🅰️rterial Disease Symptoms and treatment

A

Muscle pain with exercise 😖🏋️‍♂️
Pain resolves with rest 🪑
Thin, shiny 💎 skin
Hairless legs 🦵🏻
Decreased pedal pulse
Ulcer risk 🕳️
Pain worse with elevation
Thick, rigid toe nails

52
Q

What are the ranges for ⬆️ Elevated Blood Pressure?

A

SBP: 120-129

DBP: 80+

53
Q

What are the ranges for Stage 1️⃣ HTN?

A

SBP: 130-139

DBP: 80-89

54
Q

What are the ranges for Stage 2️⃣ HTN?

A

140/90 and 🆙

55
Q

CVD targeted organs are?

A

🫀Heart- hypertensive heart disease
🧠Brain- cerebrovascular disease
🪢Peripheral vessels- PVD
Kidneys- nephrosclerosis
👁️Eyes- retinopathy

56
Q

What are lifestyle modifications towards ⬇️BP and cardiovascular risk?

A

Manage BP
Control cholesterol
⬇️ Reduce BS 🩸🍭
🏂🚴‍♂️Get active 🏃🏽‍♀️
🥗🥬Eat better
Lose weight
Stop smoking 🚭

57
Q

Initial treatment/ Nursing intervention for Acute Coronary Syndrome?

A

Pain assessment/relief (Nitro, Morphine, oxygen) 💊
Promotion of rest 🛌
🎶Stress alleviations 🎷

58
Q

Heart Failure Nursing management

A

Decrease in symptoms (SOB/fatigue)
Decrease peripheral edema
Increase exercise 🏊 🏃‍♂️
Medication therapy 💊

Med Surg 1 (5 decks)

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