exam 4 pre-check quizzes

Question 1

false vocal folds —— vibrate during speech production

Answer 1

DO NOT

Question 2

true vocal folds ——- for speech production

Answer 2

vibrate

Question 3

abducted vocal folds are —-

Answer 3

OPEN

Question 4

adducted vocal folds are ——

Answer 4

CLOSED

Question 5

what forms the superior border of the larynx?

Answer 5

hyoid bone

Question 6

which is the largest laryngeal cartilage

Answer 6

thyroid cartilage

Question 7

joint between the cricoid and thyroid cartilages; held together by cricothyroid ligaments
the inferior thyroid horns articulate with facets on side of cricoid cartilage

Answer 7

cricothyroid joint

Question 8

joint between cricoid and artytenoid cartilages; held together by cricoarytenoid ligaments
the base of the arytenoids articulate with facets on cricoid lamina

Answer 8

Cricoarytenoid joint

Question 9

all intrinsic muscles are

Answer 9

bilateral

Question 10

Extrinsic laryngeal muscles

Answer 10

have one point attachment in the larynx and the other outside of the larynx. They work to move the larynx up or down.

Question 11

Intrinsic laryngeal muscles

Answer 11

have both points of attachment in the larynx. Intrinsic muscles are responsible for vocal fold abduction, vocal fold adduction, and changing vocal fold biomechanical properties (e.g. stiffness)

Question 12

suprahyoid laryngeal muscles

Answer 12

move the larynx up (laryngeal elevators)

Question 13

infrahyoid muscles

Answer 13

move the larynx down (laryngeal depressors)

Question 14

Which extrinsic laryngeal muscles are innervated by spinal nerves?

Answer 14

Sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid

Question 15

laryngeal vestibule

Answer 15

the space above the false vocal folds

Question 16

laryngeal ventricle

Answer 16

the space in the larynx between the true and false vocal folds

Question 17

subglottic space

Answer 17

the space below the true vocal folds

Question 18

The membranous glottis comprises _____ of the glottis

Answer 18

2/3

Question 19

the cartilaginous glottis comprises ______ of the glottis.

Answer 19

1/3

Question 20

the muscles that bring the vocal folds together at the start of vibration remain ——– throughout vibration

Answer 20

contracted

Question 21

What causes the vocal folds to close during vocal fold vibration?

Answer 21

Aerodynamic and elastic recoil forces

Question 22

Calculate the fundamental frequency when the period of vocal fold vibration is 9 ms.

Answer 22

111 Hz

Question 23

How does the fundamental frequency change if the period of vocal fold vibration changes to 7 ms?

Answer 23

The fundamental frequency increases (~143 Hz)

Question 24

How does the thyrovocalis muscle act as a mechanism for fundamental frequency change?

Answer 24

When the thyrovocalis contracts, the vocal folds stiffen, thus increasing the fundamental frequency

Question 25

What are the three mechanisms to increase intensity?

Answer 25

below the glottis at the glottis above the glottis

Question 26

below the glottis

Answer 26

increase subglottal pressure by taking a deeper breath

Question 27

at the glottis

Answer 27

by varying the amount of medial contact of the vocal folds

Question 28

above the glottis

Answer 28

adjust the formants of the vocal tract

Question 29

What could result in a pressed voice quality?

Answer 29

A pressed voice quality could be a result of increased medial adduction of the vocal folds.

Question 30

What could result in a breathy voice quality?

Answer 30

A breathy voice quality could be a result of incomplete closure along the folds.

Question 31

The larynx is involved in ------- and linguistic ------

Answer 31

intonation; stress

Question 32

responsible for growth of the larynx and increased length of membranous vocal folds for males

Answer 32

testosterone

Question 33

How does the larynx change as it ages (presbylaryngis)?

Answer 33

The superficial layer of the lamina propria becomes thicker and edematous, the density of the elastin decreases, the laryngeal cartilages ossify, and the TA muscle may atrophy.

Question 34

imaging

Answer 34

allows you to see the vocal folds, laryngeal tissue, and surrounding areas.

Question 35

perception

Answer 35

allows the speech-language pathology and patient to hear the voice and report impressions.

Question 36

acoustics and aerodynamics

Answer 36

allows the measurement of signal/voice characteristics.

Question 37

What are the two ways to visualize the larynx through imaging?

Answer 37

Rigid, oral endoscope Flexible, nasal endoscope

Question 38

Voice teams are ------------ and need the SLP; a laryngologist or ENT surgeon; and depending on the cause of the voice disorder other physicians with defined specialization.

Answer 38

interdisciplinary

Question 39

List 3 side effects of a voice disorder.

Answer 39

Difficulty communicating, social isolation, poor job performance, and absenteeism at workplace