Exam 4- Parenterals II

Question 1

Types of packaging:

Answer 1

Ampoules
Vials
Pre-filled syringes

Question 2

What types of packaging are available for single-dose containers?

Answer 2

Ampoules
Vials (single dose)

Question 3

What are ampoules?

Answer 3

• Oldest type of parenteral product container that is made entirely out of glass
• intended for single use only (cannot be reused)Wht
  
  • opened by breaking the glass at a score line on the neck
• product must be filtered before administration

Question 4

What are vials?

Answer 4

-glass or plastic containers closed with a rubber stopper and sealed with an aluminum crimp

Question 5

What are advantages of vials over ampoules?

Answer 5

• can provide multiple doses (with a bacteriostatic agent)
• easier to remove the product
• eliminates the risk of glass particle contamination during opening

Question 6

What are some disadvantages of vials?

Answer 6

• rubber stopper may become cored

- multiple withdrawals may result in microbial contamination

Question 7

Glass containers- Type I (Borosilicate)

Answer 7

• chemical resistant

- low thermal coefficient of expansion

Question 8

Glass containers- Type II (Soda-lime treated glass)

Answer 8

-lower concentration of migratory oxides than Type III
-treated with sulfur oxide
solution pH<7

Question 9

Glass containers- Type III (Soda-lime glass)

Answer 9

-good for anhydrous liquids or dry substances

Question 10

Advantages of plastic containers over glass containers

Answer 10

• unbreakable
• easier storage
• light weight
• improved safety

Question 11

Disadvantages of plastic containers over glass containers

Answer 11

• permeation
• leaching
• sorption
• chemical reaction
• alteration in the physical properties

Question 12

Types of syringe tips

Answer 12

• Luer-Lok tip
• Luer slip tip
• Eccentric tip
• Catheter tip

Question 13

What are some requirements for parenteral solutions?

Answer 13

• Clarity: sparkling clear, free of all particulate matter
• isotonic unless specified
• sterile
• adequately buffered
• proper container for packaging
• has undergone inspection

Question 14

What should be shown on a label for an injection?

Answer 14

• Name of preparation
• Drug concentration/amount
• Route of administration
• Statement of storage condition
• Expiration date
• Name of manufacturer or distributor
• Manufacturing Lot number