exam 4: middle childhood Flashcards
what are the growth patterns like in this period
5 cm in height per years, weight doubles
when are boys normally taller than girls
9-10 years old
what are the cause of obesity
genetics, family, peers, environment
what happens with gross motor skills
steady improvement
what is reaction time and how does it change
amount of time required to react to a stimuli, it improves in middle childhood which means it decreases
what is adhd
Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. characterized by inattention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity.
causes of adhd
genetics in the brain chemical dopamine
treatment of adhd
stimulants. it promotes the activity in the brain to arouse the executive centre. can also be non-medical and be behaviour modification shaping (promoting good behaviours with rewards). cognitive behavioural therapy replaces negatives thought by good ones.
origins of dyslexia
genetics, problems of circulation of oxygen in the angular gyrus
what is the concrete operations
3rd stage of Piaget’s theory, a time characterized by flexibility, reversible thought concerning tangible objects and events
what is decentration
the ability to focus on more than one aspect of a problem
what is conservation
they know that a loss in height compensates in gain of width for example
what is transitivity
if A exceeds B, and B exceeds C, then A exceeds C
class inclusion
intergrate new words i existing classes
what did Kohlberg believe about moral development
values and the stage of cognitive development influence moral development. if the cognitive advances, so will the moral
stages of development in Kohlberg’s theory
preconventional, conventional, postconventional
preconventional reasoning
obedience, consequences, he should not take it because he will go to jail
conventional reasoning
social approval, law and order. people with authority around them
postconventional reasoning
legalistic, universal ethical principles, there would be chaos if people all started doing that. person’s own moral standard
what is selective attention
selectively attend while ignoring distractions
what is sensory memory
when a memory is first encountered, memory is maintained for a fraction of second. if we don’t focus on the memory, we won’t remember it
what is rehearsing
repetition that aids in recall
what is elaborative strategy
relating new information to existing one for retention
what is metacognition
awareness and control of own cognitive abilities. you know you need to study more for a certain test
