Exam 4: Management of Edema Flashcards
Edema is a ____ not a diagnosis
symptom
edema is a symptom not a ____
diagnosis
What are the two most common causes of edema
venous insufficiency and lymphedema
If edema is unilateral, a clinician should expect (local/systemic) signs
local
What is the pathophysiology of edema
excessive fluid in interstitial space
fluid moves from capillaries to interstitial space and back
If interstitial fluid pressure is (high/low) it will be attracted to the tissues
low
If interstitial fluid pressure is (high/low) it will be attracted to and forced through the lymphatic system and capillaries
high
What are the causes of unilateral edema
venous and arterial insufficiency lymphedema infection trauma neoplasms
What are the causes of bilateral edema
CHF systemic and metabolic disorders endocrine dysfunction lipedema pregnancy
Bilateral edema is a (local/systemic) issue
systemic
What are controversial issues for treating edema with compression
When it is caused by cellulitis, thrombophlebitis, or other systemic conditions
What is the scale and severity of pitting edema if the edema is 0 to 1/4 inch
1+ or mild
What is the scale and severity of pitting edema if the edema is 1/4 to 1/2 inch
2+ or moderate
What is the scale and severity of pitting edema if the edema is 1/2 to 1 inch
3+ or severe
What is the scale and severity of pitting edema if the edema is greater than 1 inch
4+ or very severe
When using compression to treat edema, a graded pressure system is used with the highest pressure at the (ankle/knee) and decreases as it reaches the ankle/knee)
ankle; knee
Ideal pressure for compression interventions for edema is ___ to ___ mmHg at the ankle
35-45
describe a single layer elastic bandage
like an ACE wrap, mild compression.
Can be applied improperly causing it to slip
Describe multilayer elastic badange
two or more bandages that create mild to moderate pressure.
Takes skill to apply because most people apply too loose
Describe inelastic/short stretch elastic compression bandage
applied loosely with zinc oxide in the dressing like a unna boot. Can be worn for 7 days
What is the pressure range for class 1 compression stockings
14-1 mmHg
What is the pressure range for class 2 compression stockings
19-24 mmHg
What is the pressure range for class 3 compression stockings
25-35 mmHg
What is the pressure range for class 4 compression stockings
40-50 mmHg
