Exam 4: Management of Edema

Question 1

Edema is a ____ not a diagnosis

Answer 1

symptom

Question 2

edema is a symptom not a ____

Answer 2

diagnosis

Question 3

What are the two most common causes of edema

Answer 3

venous insufficiency and lymphedema

Question 4

If edema is unilateral, a clinician should expect (local/systemic) signs

Answer 4

local

Question 5

What is the pathophysiology of edema

Answer 5

excessive fluid in interstitial space

fluid moves from capillaries to interstitial space and back

Question 6

If interstitial fluid pressure is (high/low) it will be attracted to the tissues

Answer 6

low

Question 7

If interstitial fluid pressure is (high/low) it will be attracted to and forced through the lymphatic system and capillaries

Answer 7

high

Question 8

What are the causes of unilateral edema

Answer 8

venous and arterial insufficiency
lymphedema
infection
trauma
neoplasms

Question 9

What are the causes of bilateral edema

Answer 9

CHF
systemic and metabolic disorders
endocrine dysfunction
lipedema
pregnancy

Question 10

Bilateral edema is a (local/systemic) issue

Answer 10

systemic

Question 11

What are controversial issues for treating edema with compression

Answer 11

When it is caused by cellulitis, thrombophlebitis, or other systemic conditions

Question 12

What is the scale and severity of pitting edema if the edema is 0 to 1/4 inch

Answer 12

1+ or mild

Question 13

What is the scale and severity of pitting edema if the edema is 1/4 to 1/2 inch

Answer 13

2+ or moderate

Question 14

What is the scale and severity of pitting edema if the edema is 1/2 to 1 inch

Answer 14

3+ or severe

Question 15

What is the scale and severity of pitting edema if the edema is greater than 1 inch

Answer 15

4+ or very severe

Question 16

When using compression to treat edema, a graded pressure system is used with the highest pressure at the (ankle/knee) and decreases as it reaches the ankle/knee)

Answer 16

ankle; knee

Question 17

Ideal pressure for compression interventions for edema is ___ to ___ mmHg at the ankle

Answer 17

35-45

Question 18

describe a single layer elastic bandage

Answer 18

like an ACE wrap, mild compression.

Can be applied improperly causing it to slip

Question 19

Describe multilayer elastic badange

Answer 19

two or more bandages that create mild to moderate pressure.

Takes skill to apply because most people apply too loose

Question 20

Describe inelastic/short stretch elastic compression bandage

Answer 20

applied loosely with zinc oxide in the dressing like a unna boot. Can be worn for 7 days

Question 21

What is the pressure range for class 1 compression stockings

Answer 21

14-1 mmHg

Question 22

What is the pressure range for class 2 compression stockings

Answer 22

19-24 mmHg

Question 23

What is the pressure range for class 3 compression stockings

Answer 23

25-35 mmHg

Question 24

What is the pressure range for class 4 compression stockings

Answer 24

40-50 mmHg