Exam 4- Chapter 23

Question 1

catabolism

Answer 1

series of reactions in which one substance is broken down into smaller parts

Question 2

nutrient monomers for catabolism to generrate ATP
-glucose —>
-fatty acids —->
-amino acids —->

Answer 2

-glucose —>breakdown of ingested & stored carbohydrates
-fatty acids —->broken down into free fatty acids & glycerol
-amino acids —-> break down proteins

Question 3

anabolism

Answer 3

series of reactions in which smaller molecules are combined to make larger molecule

Question 4

small cells used to make larger macromolecules

Answer 4

proteins
lipids
nucleic acids
carbohydrates

Question 5

oxidation

Answer 5

gain of oxygen OR loss of electrons

Question 6

reduction

Answer 6

loss of oxygen OR gain of electrons

Question 7

substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 7

-uses an enzyme + substate to turn ADP > ATP
-used to make a small amount of energy (4 ATP)
-occurs during glycolysis and kreb’s cycle

Question 8

oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 8

-occurs in a 2 step process
1. electron transport chain
2. chemiosmosis
-makes large amount of ATP (32-34 ATP)

Question 9

glycolysis

Answer 9

the breakdown of glucose into 2 pyruvate molecules
makes (net) 2 ATP

Question 10

whats the first step in cellular respiration

Question 11

where does glycolysis occur

Answer 11

in cytoplasm

Question 12

Exergonic reactions

Answer 12

release energy leaving products with less energy than original reactants possessed
most catabolic reactions are exergonic

Question 13

Endergonic reactions

Answer 13

require input of energy to proceed
Most anabolic reactions are endergonic