Exam 4 Antipsychotics

Question 1

A category of symptoms of schizophrenia that includes impaired working memory, poor executive function, and attention deficits

Answer 1

cognitive symptoms

Question 2

Theory that excessive DA function of mesolimibic neurons produces positives symptoms and insufficient DA function of mesocortical neurons produces negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 2

Dopamine imbalance hypothesis

Question 3

Theory that altered DA function leads to the symptoms observed in individuals with schizophrenia

Answer 3

Dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia

Question 4

characteristics of schizophrenia that are observed as a decline in normal function, such as reduced speech, loss of motivation, social withdrawal, and anhedonia

Answer 4

Negative symptoms

Question 5

Drugs useful in treating schizophrenia; an older term that refers to their ability to selectively reduce emotionality and psychomotor activity. Now more often called antipsychotics

Answer 5

neuroleptics

Question 6

undesired response to anti-psychotic drugs that resembles Parkinson’s disease, including tremors, akinesia, muscle rigidity, akathesia, and lack of facial expression

Answer 6

parkinsonian symptoms

Question 7

characteristics of schizophrenia that include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and bizarre behavior. They are often the more dramatic symptoms

Answer 7

positive symptoms

Question 8

undesired response to antipsychotic drugs characterized by involuntary muscle movements, particulary of the face, head, and neck, that may be irreversible in some patients

Answer 8

Tardive dyskinesia (TD)

Question 10

class of drugs used to treat schizophrenia by blocking a wide range of receptors in addition to the D2 receptor

Answer 10

broad-spectrum antipsychotics

Question 11

about ____ of those diagnosed with schizophrenia would recovery completely, a further third would be improved over time, leaving the remaining third who would not show any improvement.

Answer 11

1/3

Question 12

The _____ symptoms include acute dyskinesias and dystonic reactions, tardive dyskinesia, Parkinsonism, akinesia, akathisia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Answer 12

extrapyramidal

Question 13

Concerning the incidence and severity of schizophrenia,

the incidence of the disorder is highest among young women in their late teens and early twenties.

although treatment is available, about 50% of people with the disorder spend a large part of their lives in psychiatric hospitals.

the disorder is considered to be chronic and incurable.

approximately 5% of the general population will receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia at some point in their lifetimes.

Answer 13

the disorder is considered to be chronic and incurable

Question 14

The symptoms of schizophrenia that tend to be more difficult to treat are

Answer 14

the negative symptoms and the cogintive symptoms

Question 15

Which of the following phrases accurately completes the following sentence? Diagnosis of schizophrenia…

is straightforward as most people who are diagnosed experience similar symptoms.

is more common in women than men when symptoms first appear beyond the age of 40 yrs.

can be made following a single episode of hallucinations or delusions.

is never made before the age of 20 yrs.

Answer 15

is more common in women than men when … first appear… 40 years

Question 16

On average, the brains of people diagnosed with schizophrenia ___ people who have no diagnosis.

Answer 16

contain less brain tissue but the same overall number of neurons as

Question 17

the most consistent functional abnormality in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia is

Answer 17

hypofrontality

Question 18

The first antipsychotic medication was

Answer 18

chlorpromazine (thorazine)

Question 19

Abilify (aripiprazole) can simultaneously decrease DA receptor activation in some brain regions and increase it in others, and this drug is classified as a(n)

Answer 19

partial receptor agonist.

Question 20

All of the following evidence supports the idea that traditional antipsychotic medications act on the dopamine system except

Question 11 options:

high doses of amphetamine can cause symptoms that resemble the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

there is a positive correlation between the clinical efficacy of an antipsychotic drug and its ability to bind to dopamine receptors.

antipsychotic drugs cause Parkinsonian side effects, which are known to involve dopamine.

giving a person DOPA makes it less likely they’ll show symptoms similar to schizophrenia.

Answer 20

giving a person DOPA makes it less likely they’ll show symptoms similar to schizophrenia.

Question 21

The dopamine imbalance hypothesis suggests there’s too much activity in the ___ pathway and too little activity in the ___ pathway.

Answer 21

mesolimbic; mesocortical

Question 22

An important reason for prescribing atypical antipsychotics is
Question 16 options:

A)

they don’t take two weeks to begin working.

B)

they can help with both positive and negative symptoms.

C)

they produce fewer extrapyramidal side effects.

D)

Both B and C

Answer 22

D) both b and c