Exam 4 Flashcards
Interneurons
- mostly numerous
- activated when neurons need to communicate with each other
Motor neurons
- efferent
- activated when signal sent to muscles to contract
Sensory neurons
- afferent
- activated by sensory input from sensorireceptors
Unipolar neuron
Mostly afferent
Multipolar neuron
Mostly efferent or Purinje cell
Activation of neuron: excitation
Increasing activity associated with neuron
Activation of neuron: inhibition
Attenuate activity
What is the brain covered in?
Meninges layers
What are the 3 meningeal layers?
- dura mater(epidural and subdural space)
- arachnoid mater(subarachnoid space)
- pia mater(perforated)
Layers that separate hemispheres
Falx cerebri
Layers that separate cerebellar hemispheres
Falx cerebelli
Layers that separate cerebrum from cerebellum
Tentorium cerebelli
Where is the CSF produced in?
Choroid plexus
How much CSF flow is produced and absorbed in the bloodstream? Time and amount
125mL produced in about 7 hours
Parahippocampal gyrus
Memory
Uncus
Smell
Fusiform gyrus
Fusiform face area
Where is CSF absorbed into the bloodstream?
Arachnoid villa
What are the three fiber tracts?
Projection fibers
Commissural fibers
Association fibers
Tract that carry from one level of CNS to another?
Projection fibers
- corona radiata
- internal capsule
Tract that carry info between cortical hemispheres
Commissural fibers
- corpus callosum
- anterior commissure
Tract that connects cortical areas within the same hemisphere
Association fibers
- short association fibers
- long association fibers
Which nuclei group in the basal ganglia are putamen and caudate in?
Striatum
Which nuclei group in the basal ganglia are putamen and globus pallidus in?
Lentiform nucleus
Which section of the brain communicates with cortex and thalamus to modulate movement and regulate tone? Also has extra pyramidal system
Basal ganglia
Basal ganglia: subthalamus
Input from motor cortex and basal ganglia; posture and tone
-damage may result in ballismus
Basal ganglia: substantia nigra
Dopamine production
-Parkinson’s disease damages it
Which system of the brain has to do with memory, emotion, and internal drive?
Limbic system
Thalamus: Pulvinar
Input for language processing
Thalamus: lateral geniculate
Input for vision
Thalamus: medial geniculate
Input for auditory input
What are the three peduncles? Efferent/afferent?
- inferior(a)
- middle(a)
- superior(e)
Which part of the brain helps maintain balance and coordinates muscle action?
Cerebellum
Where are cerebral peduncles found?
Midbrain
Where are cerebellar peduncles found?
Pons
