Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 things do you consider for speech?

A
  • speed
  • coordination
  • trajectory
  • dynamic
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2
Q

Overlearned, highly fluent muscle patterns associated with speech production

A

Engrams

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3
Q

Articulated assume positions that enable fast transitions between sounds

A

Co- articulation

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4
Q

Muscle movement, contractile force, and jaw movement are minimal for speech given overall capacities

A

Minimal effort

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5
Q

Multiple feedback channels to repair errors and refine signal

A

Auditory

Somatosensory feedback

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6
Q

Non speech assessment for lips

A

Smile, picker, move lips, lip compression

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7
Q

Non speech assessment for tongue

A

Protrude, elevate, depress, lateralize

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8
Q

Non speech assessment for jaw

A

Open jaw, clench jaw, lateralize jaw

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9
Q

Non speech assessment for Velum

A

Velar elevation on “ah”

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10
Q

Non speech assessment for Vocal folds

A

Cough, sustained “ah”, pitch glides/ range, vocal intensity range

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11
Q

Non speech assessment for respiration

A

Sustained “ah” duration, breath phrase length (15/20 sec is normal)

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12
Q

Speech assessment for diodochokinetics

A
  • Repeated syllables (alternate motion rate)
  • Alternate syllables (sequential motion rate)
  • Subjective (regular vs variable rate)
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13
Q

Speech sample

A

Standardized passages or conversational speech

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14
Q

Dysarthria

A

Speech sound disorder resulting from neuromuscular weakness

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15
Q

Conditions of dysarthria

A
  • neuromuscular disease
  • stroke
  • cranial nerve damage
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16
Q

Hypernasality

A

To much sound resonated in nasal cavity

17
Q

Hyponasality

A

Too little sound resonated in nasal cavity

18
Q

Cause of hypernasality

A

Cleft palates

Neuromuscular weakness

19
Q

Bones involved in cleft lip and palate

A

Maxilla and palatine bone

20
Q

Palatine lift

A

A device used to elevate soft palate to more closely approximate the velum closure

21
Q

How does neuromuscular disease affect velar elevation during speech?

A

Weakens the muscle of velum which causes nasal cavity resonance to be added to the oral cavity for non nasal sounds. Leads to loss of clarity in speech signal

22
Q

Obicularis Oris

A

Maintains oral seal

VII

23
Q

Risorius

A

Flattens cheeks and retracts lips at corner

VII

24
Q

Buccinator

A

Flattens cheeks and moves food into grinding surface of molars
VII

25
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

Pulls mouth up/ elevated upper lip

VII

26
Q

Zygomatic major

A

Elevated and retracts angle of mouth/ smiling

VII

27
Q

Depressor labii inferioris

A

Pulls mouth down

VII

28
Q

Mentalis

A

Elevated lower lip/ pulls lower lip out

29
Q

Superior longitudinal

A

Shortens and elevates tip of tongue

XII

30
Q

Inferior longitudinal

A

Shortens and depresses tip of tongue

XII

31
Q

Transverse

A

Narrows and elongates tongue

XII

32
Q

Vertical

A

Flattens tongue

XII

33
Q

Genioglossus

A

Protrusion and depression of tongue

XII

34
Q

Styloglossus

A

Retracts and elevates tongue

XII

35
Q

Palatoglossus

A

Raises tongue base when velum is elevated

X, XII

36
Q

Masseter

A

Elevates mandible

V

37
Q

Temporalis

A

Elevates mandible; retracts and protrudes mandible

V

38
Q

Medial pterygold

A

Elevates mandible; moves mandible, grinds mandible laterally

V

39
Q

Lateral pterygold

A

Side to side movement; opens jaw

V