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History 1302 > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Kellogg-briand pact

A

15 nations met in Paris to outlaw war and bestowed an “international kiss upon one another.”

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2
Q

Harry Truman

A

Artillery officer (Major) in WWI, Studied law and ran men’s clothing store, County Judge, served in the US Senate, elected Vice President/ Then sworn in as President when FDR died

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3
Q

Korematsu Vs. US

A

at 25 US Citizen challenged internment.
the Supreme Court ruled that in war time the relocation of US citizens “on the basis of race alone” is constitutional.
at 64 was vindicated when his conviction was reversed by the courts.

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4
Q

Good Neighbor Policy

A

promised that the US would act as a good neighbor to countries in western hemisphere by intervening only when help was requested.

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5
Q

Marshall Plan

A

General George C. Marshall suggested rebuilding both the non-communist and communist countries of Europe

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6
Q

Bonus Army

A

20,000 World War I veterans marched in Washington asking for early payment of the 1924 bonus bill

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7
Q

Stimson Doctrine

A

when Japan invaded Manchuria, the US announced it wouldn’t recognize territorial acquisitions made in violation of treaty rights.

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8
Q

Berlin Crisis/Blockade

A

Stalin showed his disapproval of the creation of the West German Republic by trying to starve the English, French and Americans out of Berlin

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9
Q

Albert Einstein

A

alerted Roosevelt to the possibility of Germany developing “extremely
powerful bombs of a new type” (Atomic bombs).

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10
Q

Neutrality Acts

A

Between 1935-1939 Congress passed a series of laws designed to keep the US out of the war that was coming.
1. US ships can’t enter war zone; no arms sold to belligerents
2. no loans or credit to belligerents
3. 1 & 2 apply to Civil Wars
4. the President can stop the sale of non-military goods to belligerents unless on “cash and carry” basis.
5. Arms can be sold on “Cash and Carry” basis

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11
Q

NATO

A

In response to the Berlin Crisis 16 nations joined together to create The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

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12
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

With the war in the Pacific winding down, the “new” Big Three (British PM Clement Atlee, US President Harry Truman and Russian Premier Joseph Stalin) met in Germany

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13
Q

Spanish Civil War

A

Francisco Franco (1892-1975) was right wing, monarchist who led a revolution to overthrow the democratic government of Spain. He copied Hitler and Mussolini and was aided by them

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14
Q

Chiang Kai-shek

A

became the Kuomintang leader in 1925 after Sun Yat-sen died

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15
Q

George F. Kennan

A

suggested three policies to contain communist expansion:

  1. Make defense treaties with nations that border communist countries
  2. Set up spy stations in nations that border communist countries
  3. Use propaganda to provide alternative news sources for the “enslaved” peoples
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16
Q

Adolph Hitler

A

In 1920 he and 6 other war veterans formed the National Socialist German Workers Party (NAZI for short) and chose the swastika as the Nazi party emblem.

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17
Q

Mao Tse-tung

A

Founded the Chinese communist party

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18
Q

Lend-Lease act

A

Gave the President $7 billion in war materials
to lend, lease or give away.
By end of war $50 billion in materials was
given away to England, Russia and China

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19
Q

Douglas Macarthur

A

the commander of UN forces which pushed north to Yalu River. McArthur publicly criticized Truman’s foreign policy and threatened to bomb China.
China invaded Korea sending in 200,000 troops. Truman fired MacArthur

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20
Q

the Greer incident

A

Roosevelt ordered escorts to protect Lend Lease convoys and shoot German submarines on sight

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21
Q

Alger Hiss

A

Former State Department official, was accused by Chambers of spying

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22
Q

Kamikaze

A

in the last year of the war Japan increasingly relied on suicide attacks. Kamikazes sunk 34 ships, destroyed 700 planes, damaged 368 ships. 2000 were shot down before reaching their targets

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23
Q

John Foster Dulles

A

John Foster Dulles helped shape Eisenhower’s assertive foreign policy.
He advocated: More Bang for the Buck, Massive retaliation, Brinkmanship

24
Q

Benito Mussolini

A

was an atheist, anti-nationalist, draft dodger who urged soldiers to desert.
Then he suddenly changed his mind and became a militant, nationalist, mystic patriot who willingly accepted being drafted into the army.

25
Q

Nikita Khrushchev

A

Became Premier of the USSR when Stalin died. He repudiated Stalin and his murderous rule and released political prisoners. He offered the west peaceful co-existence

26
Q

Fidel Castro

A

Castro set up the first communist government in the new world

27
Q

Joseph McCarthy

A

The Junior Senator from Wisconsin used fear of communism to gain national prominence.

28
Q

Missile Crisis

A

When US reconnaissance planes revealed Russian missile sites in Cuba Kennedy ordered a naval blockade and demanded the removal of the nuclear weapons. On Oct. 28 the Russian ships turned back and Khrushchev agreed to remove the missiles.

29
Q

Whittaker Chambers

A

editor of Time Magazine and an admitted communist spy in the 1930s

30
Q

Taft-Hartley Act

A

No closed shop/employers can sue unions for broken contracts and damage done during strike/President Can impose an 80 day cooling off period for strikes that endanger national health or safety

31
Q

Domino Theory

A

Believing that the fall of Vietnam to communism would Lead to all of Southeast Asia becoming communist Eisenhower announced that the US had to defend democracy in South Vietnam. By 1959
North and South Vietnam were at war.

32
Q

U-2 Incident

A

In 1960 the Russians shot down a US spy plane (supposed to be suicide mission for US soldiers) Khrushchev stormed out of the Summit meeting in Paris calling Eisenhower a “liar.”

33
Q

“Court-packing” incident

A

In an attempt to save the Second New Deal Roosevelt proposed that Supreme Court Justices retire at age 70

34
Q

Bay of pigs

A

Kennedy OKed a CIA plan to send an army of 1200 Cuban exiles to invade Cuba. It was a failure and according to Kennedy “ made us look like fools to our friends, rascals to our enemies and incompetents to the rest.”

35
Q

G.I. Bill

A

7,600,000 WWII vets got job training or educational assistance

36
Q

Fair Labor Standards Act

A

outlawed child labor (under 16) and

set minimum wage and maximum hours (40 hr. week, 8 hr. day, time and ½ for overtime)

37
Q

Yalta Conference

A

“The Big Three” : Winston Churchill, FDR and Joseph Stalin made agreements that still affect some areas of the world

38
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

When Lenin died in 1924 Party Secretary Joseph Stalin (1878-1953) gradually took over. Joseph Stalin ruled Russia from 1927 to 1953

39
Q

Works Progress Administration

A

the largest New Deal Agency, employing more than 8.5 million people. WPA employees built bridges, roads, public buildings, public parks and airports

40
Q

Agricultural Adjustment Act

A

tried to increase farm income by controlling production. Farmers were paid to regulate planting according to a national plan.

41
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

In response to an attempted communist takeover Truman sent $400 million in aid to assist the monarchical government of Greece.
He pledged the US to “come to the aid of free peoples anywhere in the world who are resisting aggression from outside or an armed takeover from within.”

42
Q

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

A

accused of being part of the Manhattan Project spy ring. They were tried and sentenced to death in 1951 and executed in 1953

43
Q

Containment Policy

A
  1. Make defense treaties with nations that border communist countries
  2. Set up spy stations in nations that border communist countries
  3. Use propaganda to provide alternative news sources for the “enslaved” peoples
44
Q

Tennessee Valley Authority

A

The agency built 20 dams on the Tennessee River for flood control, expanded hydroelectric plants, nitrate manufacturing, soil conservation, reforestation, industrial development. It was the “show piece” of the New Deal.

45
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

dedicated his life to freeing Vietnam from foreign domination

46
Q

National Industrial Recovery Act

A

created to deal with unemployment and industrial stagnation. It set up two agencies: The Public Works Administration and the National Recovery Administration

47
Q

Camelot

A

“Don’t let it be forgot, that once there was a spot, for one brief shining moment that was known as Camelot”

48
Q

Korean War

A

Korea was divided along the 38th parallel at Yalta. North Korea invaded the south in 1950.

49
Q

Five Power Naval Treaty

A

US, Japan, Br. , Fr. and Italy limited the size of their navies

50
Q

Clark Memorandum

A

US repudiated the Roosevelt Corollary and promised that the US would not interfere even to collect debts.

51
Q

Lee Harvey Oswald

A

24 year old former U.S. Marine who is believed to have been “the lone assassin” who killed President Kennedy. On November 24, 1963 while being transferred to county jail, local bar owner Jack Ruby shot and killed Oswald

52
Q

Montgomery Bus Boycott

A

When Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man, Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. and other Montgomery, Alabama religious leaders organized a boycott of the buses that cost the city owned company so much money that it desegregated the buses.

53
Q

Francisco Franco

A

right wing, monarchist who led a revolution to overthrow the democratic government of Spain. He copied Hitler and Mussolini and was aided by them

54
Q

National Security Act

A

Armed Services united under Cabinet post of Secretary of Defense/Air Force separated from and equal to Army and Navy/National Security Council set up to advise President/Central Intelligence Agency set up to gather information abroad relating to international security.

55
Q

Fulgencio Batista

A

the brutal dictator of Cuba

History 1302 (4 decks)

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