Exam 1

Question 1

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 1

Signed emancipation proclamation freeing the slaves in rebellion states

Question 2

Andrew Johnson

Answer 2

rags to riches life, orphaned, wife taught him how to read, served as a US house of representative, US Senator, Military Governor of Tennessee, US VP, US President, US Senator
Opposite views as Lincoln, but remained loyal to the Union
First US President to be impeached. Not convicted of 11 charges.

Question 3

Freedman’s Bureau

Answer 3

supervise the employment, relief and welfare of ex-slaves, set up hospitals, give rations to displaced blacks and whites, set up schools, settle freedmen on abandoned land. It provided a military trial for anyone who violated rights of freedmen.

Question 4

Ulysses S. Grant

Answer 4

winning General in the Civil War. His two terms as President were riddled with corruption. Multiple scandals ruined his reputation

Question 5

Compromise of 1877

Answer 5

Followed the election of 1876 after voting fraud. Committee declared Hayes when Tilden truly won. Republicans and Democrats compromised (old radicals gone, young radicals had different agendas, no public support, no $, unconstitutional)

Question 6

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 6

designed to grant citizenship to and protect the civil liberties of the freedmen. citizenship=“All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof.”
(Southern states had to ratify 14th Amendment to get back in the Union).

Question 7

Civil Rights Act 1866

Answer 7

Attempted to nullify Black Codes by

providing that blacks had the same civil rights as whites and by providing that federal courts would enforce its terms.

Question 8

Civil Rights Act 1875

Answer 8

Guaranteed full and equal enjoyment, to persons in U.S. of bathrooms, hotels, water fountains, theaters, etc. Access couldn’t be
denied a person because of race, color, religion or political persuasion.
(Declared unconstitutional by Supreme Court in 1883).

Question 9

Thirteenth Amendment

Answer 9

Ended slavery

Question 10

Atlanta Compromise

Answer 10

Speech made by Booker T. Washington about African American community focusing more on jobs and training rather than civil liberties to gain respect from the white community

Question 11

Fifteenth Amendment

Answer 11

The right of U.S. citizens to vote can’t be denied on the basis of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

Question 12

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 12

enforced racial segregation in the US from the 1880s until the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. Ex. of laws:

• nurses (no white female nurse had to take care of black men)
• burial (couldn’t bury black people next to white people)
• Intermarriage (whites could only marry whites)
• promotion of equality (anyone protesting segregation could be fined or jailed)

Question 13

Carpetbaggers

Answer 13

Northerners who came south to work In Reconstruction Governments

Question 14

Scalawags

Answer 14

Southern whites who joined the Republican Party and participated in Reconstruction politics

Question 15

10% plan

Answer 15

10 percent of the 1860 electorate must swear loyalty to the US
The state must write a new constitution which recognized the “permanent freedom of slaves.”
The state must set up a public school system

Question 16

Black codes

Answer 16

limited the Freedmens’ economic, civil and political rights.

Question 17

Tenure of Office Act 1867

Answer 17

Required Senate’s approval for the removal of officers appointed by the President with Senatorial consent. Purpose was to keep Johnson from firing his opponents in the Executive Branch.

Question 18

Edward Stanton

Answer 18

Northern democrat, served as secretary of war for Lincoln and Johnson. Opposed slavery, sided with Republicans for harsh treatment of ex-confederate states. Johnson tried to fire Stanton in order to test the constitutionality of the Tenure of Office Act.
(the violation of this act became the most serious accusation against Johnson in his impeachment trial)

Question 19

Henry W. Grady

Answer 19

editor of “The Atlanta Constitution,” was the best known promoter of the New South Ideal

Question 20

Ghost Dance

Answer 20

In the 1880s a new religion promising the destruction of the White Man and the return of the traditional Indian way of life swept across the plains.


Question 21

Battle of Wounded Knee

Answer 21

300 Sioux and 25 soldiers were killed. This was the last “battle” of the Indian Wars

Question 22

Sitting Bull

Answer 22

Indian leader killed when the US Government was ordered to stop the ghost dance and arrest the leaders. Killed while resisting arrest

Question 23

Dawes Severalty Act

Answer 23

gave 160 acres of reservation land to each head of household and provided citizenship in 25 years

Question 24

Indian Reorganization Act

Answer 24

restored tribal ownership of land and self-government, freedom of religion, culture, dancing

Question 25

Henry Comstock

Answer 25

Filed a claim for his mine worth $11,000. In 20 years the mine produced $12 million worth of ore a year

Question 26

Homestead Act

Answer 26

offered 160 acres free to the adult who lived on it and improved it for 5 years

Question 27

Wild Bill Hickok

Answer 27

sharpshooter and professional gambler. shot in the back while holding "dead man's hand"

Question 28

Wyatt Earp

Answer 28

buffalo hunter policeman in Wichita and an assistant marshal in Dodge City faro dealer at the Long Branch Saloon in Dodge stagecoach driver in Tombstone participant in the infamous “shoot out at the OK Corral”

Question 29

Frederick Johnson Turner

Answer 29

Harvard professor who analyzed the impact of the frontier experience upon the development of American culture

Question 30

Plains Hunter

Answer 30

lived west of mississippi river | nomadic hunter, didn't farm or mine, women did all heavy work, lived in easily transported tepees, master horsemen

Question 31

Joseph F. Gidden

Answer 31

patented barbed wire in 1874 and 
proved its effectiveness in demonstrations across the
west

Question 32

Buffalo Bill

Answer 32

Rode for pony express at 14, killed over 4000 buffalo to feed union pacific R workers, scouted for the union, congressional medal of honor in the plains wars, created Western circus

Question 33

Black Kettle

Answer 33

peace chief invited to Washington to meet Lincoln

Question 34

Battle of the Little Bighorn

Answer 34

the seventh calgary attacked a camp of over 10,000 indians in an attempt to drive Plains indians out of the black hills

Question 35

Battle of Sand Creek

Answer 35

Black Kettles village was attacked by US soldiers

Question 36

Wovoka

Answer 36

Creator of the ghost dance

Question 37

Battle of Washita

Answer 37

Custer and seventh cavalry attacked Black Kettles camp at the Washita river

Question 38

Eastern Woodland Indians

Answer 38

Forest dwellers Sedentary farmers, hunters and fishermen Lived in wooden bark and thatch covered dwellings Cultures corrupted by 200 years contact with whites

Question 39

Trail of Tears

Answer 39

The Cherokee of Georgia fought removal in the courts. Despite winning all their cases they were moved west. 1/4 of the Cherokee died.

Question 40

Western Hero

Answer 40

Outlaws and Lawmen | The popular press and dime novels turned real and fictional frontiersmen and criminals into romantic heroes.

Question 41

National Police Gazette

Answer 41

featured sensational stories of sex, crime, and violence. Its generic model of the Western Hero was followed by other pulp publications.

Question 42

Sharecropper/tenant farmer

Answer 42

Sharecroppers planted, nurtured and harvested the crop and then paid rent to the land owner with a share of the crop.

Question 43

George Washington Carver

Answer 43

Born a slave, first black student to attend and graduate from Iowa state, head of Tuskegees ag. department, famous botanist for new uses for common plants (peanuts, sweet potatoes, soybeans, black-eyed peas, etc.)

Question 44

Redeemer

Answer 44

New democratic party which took control of every southern state. Promised to create a "new south"

Question 45

Mississippi Plan

Answer 45

eliminated blacks and poor whites from the voting rolls by enacting a series of voter qualifications that included: Property ownership, literacy tests, and a poll tax. They also provided some exemptions such as the understanding clause and the grandfather clause Supreme Court upheld the plan

Question 46

Pellagra

Answer 46

vitamin deficiency resulting from diets of corn, molasses and pork. influenced the development of the stereotype of the lazy, dumb, backward southerner.

Question 47

Insurgents

Answer 47

poor and middle class white Democrats who opposed Redeemer tax and spending policies. They tried to gain control but Insurgent racism doomed them to failure.

Question 48

Booker T. Washington

Answer 48

Most famous african american leader and educator of New South Era. Founded Tuskegee institute

Question 49

Rutherford B. Hayes

Answer 49

Republican Candidate during election of 1876. Declared winner after recount, actually lost

Question 50

Samuel J. Tilden

Answer 50

Democratic Candidate during election of 1876, original winner but declared loser after recount

Question 51

Election of 1876

Answer 51

Both parties emphasized honesty and good government and chose respectable candidates. Hayes was declared president after an incorrect recount against Tilden