Exam 4 Flashcards by Katelyn Nally

Acid

pH less than 7

H30 is greater than OH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Energy needed to start some spontaneous process

Process continues without outside stimulus or energy

Activation Energy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Alpha

Helix-Structure in proteins that are maintained by hydrogen bonds
Particle-makes up alpha rays identical to helium w/ 2 protons and 2 neutrons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Arrhenius acid

Provides H+

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Arrhenius base

Provides OH-

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Base

pH greater than 7

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Beta

Makes up beta rays
Identical to electron
Produced in nucleus
Neutron changes into proton + electron

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Brønsted acid

Donating H+

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Brønsted base

Accepting H+

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Buffer

A solution with the ability to resist changing pH when acids (H+) or bases (OH-) are added

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Catalyst

Increases reaction rates

Not used up in reaction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Covalent

Attractive force that results between two atoms that are attracted to a shared pair of electrons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Critical

Mass-min amount of material needed to sustain a constant critical chain reaction
Reaction-constant rate chain reaction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Diprotic Acid

Gives up 2 protons of H+ per molecule when dissolved in water

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Electrolyte

A solute that when dissolved in water forms a solution hat conducts electricity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Endothermic

Absorbs heat

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Endpoint

Where the titration stops and color change for pH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equilibrium

Reactant and product concentrations are equal

Forward and reverse reactions equal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Exothermic

Gets rid of heat

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fission

Large nuclei split into smaller

Equal size nuclei when bombarded by neutrons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fusion

Combine nuclei to form larger ones

H3O

Produced when H is added to water because you can’t have free hydrogen in water

Half life

The time it takes for One half of an unstable nuclei to undergo radioactive decay

Hydrogen bond

The result of attractive dipolar forced between molecules hydrogen is bonded to electronegative elements

Inhibitor

A substance that decreases reaction rates

Ionic bond

Force that holds together ions of opposite charge

Molarity

Moles per liter

Non-electrolyte

A solute that when dissolved in water forms a solution that doesn’t conduct electricity

Positron

Positively charged electron

Product

Right side of equation | Produced as result of a reaction

Reactant

Left side of equation | Substances that undergo chemical change

Saturated hydrocarbon (Alkane)

Saturated solution-max amount of dissolved solute in stable situation

Spontaneous

Process that takes place naturally without stimulation

Supercritical

Unstable solution with greater amount of solute under prevailing conditions A branching chain reaction

Unsaturated

A hydrocarbon containing one or more multiple bonds (not max amount of solute?)

Activated complex

Structure at max energy point along reaction complex

Amphiprotic

Can act as acid or base by accepting or donating a proton or H

Autoionization

An atom or molecule is in an excited state spontaneously emits an outer shell electron H20+H2O becomes OH and H3O

Breeding

Traits developed through artificial selection or other

Combustion

Burning. | Produces CO2 and water

Enthalpy

Measure of energy in a thermodynamic system

Energy

Property transferred to an object in order to perform work on it

Indicator

A substance that undergoes an observable change when conditions in its solution change

Nonspontanious

Endergonic | Can’t occur without input of work

Neutron

Particle in atom with neutral charge

OH-

Base

Potential of Hydrogen Measure of hydrogen Scale of acidity

pOH

pOH= -log[OH-] pH + pOH = 14

Proton

Positive particle

Titration

Used to determine unknown concentration of an identified analyte