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organic bio chem 1 > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid

A

pH less than 7

H30 is greater than OH

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2
Q

Energy needed to start some spontaneous process

Process continues without outside stimulus or energy

A

Activation Energy

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3
Q

Alpha

A

Helix-Structure in proteins that are maintained by hydrogen bonds
Particle-makes up alpha rays identical to helium w/ 2 protons and 2 neutrons

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4
Q

Arrhenius acid

A

Provides H+

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5
Q

Arrhenius base

A

Provides OH-

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6
Q

Base

A

pH greater than 7

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7
Q

Beta

A

Makes up beta rays
Identical to electron
Produced in nucleus
Neutron changes into proton + electron

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8
Q

Brønsted acid

A

Donating H+

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9
Q

Brønsted base

A

Accepting H+

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10
Q

Buffer

A

A solution with the ability to resist changing pH when acids (H+) or bases (OH-) are added

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11
Q

Catalyst

A

Increases reaction rates

Not used up in reaction

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12
Q

Covalent

A

Attractive force that results between two atoms that are attracted to a shared pair of electrons

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13
Q

Critical

A

Mass-min amount of material needed to sustain a constant critical chain reaction
Reaction-constant rate chain reaction

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14
Q

Diprotic Acid

A

Gives up 2 protons of H+ per molecule when dissolved in water

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15
Q

Electrolyte

A

A solute that when dissolved in water forms a solution hat conducts electricity

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16
Q

Endothermic

A

Absorbs heat

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17
Q

Endpoint

A

Where the titration stops and color change for pH

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18
Q

Equilibrium

A

Reactant and product concentrations are equal

Forward and reverse reactions equal

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19
Q

Exothermic

A

Gets rid of heat

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20
Q

Fission

A

Large nuclei split into smaller

Equal size nuclei when bombarded by neutrons

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21
Q

Fusion

A

Combine nuclei to form larger ones

22
Q

H3O

A

Produced when H is added to water because you can’t have free hydrogen in water

23
Q

Half life

A

The time it takes for One half of an unstable nuclei to undergo radioactive decay

24
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

The result of attractive dipolar forced between molecules hydrogen is bonded to electronegative elements

25
Q

Inhibitor

A

A substance that decreases reaction rates

26
Q

Ionic bond

A

Force that holds together ions of opposite charge

27
Q

Molarity

A

Moles per liter

28
Q

Non-electrolyte

A

A solute that when dissolved in water forms a solution that doesn’t conduct electricity

29
Q

Positron

A

Positively charged electron

30
Q

Product

A

Right side of equation

Produced as result of a reaction

31
Q

Reactant

A

Left side of equation

Substances that undergo chemical change

32
Q

Saturated hydrocarbon (Alkane)

A

Saturated solution-max amount of dissolved solute in stable situation

33
Q

Spontaneous

A

Process that takes place naturally without stimulation

34
Q

Supercritical

A

Unstable solution with greater amount of solute under prevailing conditions
A branching chain reaction

35
Q

Unsaturated

A

A hydrocarbon containing one or more multiple bonds (not max amount of solute?)

36
Q

Activated complex

A

Structure at max energy point along reaction complex

37
Q

Amphiprotic

A

Can act as acid or base by accepting or donating a proton or H

38
Q

Autoionization

A

An atom or molecule is in an excited state spontaneously emits an outer shell electron
H20+H2O becomes OH and H3O

39
Q

Breeding

A

Traits developed through artificial selection or other

40
Q

Combustion

A

Burning.

Produces CO2 and water

41
Q

Enthalpy

A

Measure of energy in a thermodynamic system

42
Q

Energy

A

Property transferred to an object in order to perform work on it

43
Q

Indicator

A

A substance that undergoes an observable change when conditions in its solution change

44
Q

Nonspontanious

A

Endergonic

Can’t occur without input of work

45
Q

Neutron

A

Particle in atom with neutral charge

46
Q

OH-

A

Base

47
Q

pH

A

Potential of Hydrogen
Measure of hydrogen
Scale of acidity

48
Q

pOH

A

pOH= -log[OH-] pH + pOH = 14

49
Q

Proton

A

Positive particle

50
Q

Titration

A

Used to determine unknown concentration of an identified analyte

organic bio chem 1 (5 decks)

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