Exam 2 Flashcards
Anion
A negatively charged ion
A compound made up of TWO DIFFERENT elements
Binary
A positively charged ion
Cation
Combination reaction
A chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to form a single substance
Covalent
The attractive force that results between two atoms that are both attracted to a shared pair of electrons
A process that causes substances to spontaneously intermingle when they are brought together
Diffusion
Double bond
The bond resulting from the sharing of two pairs of electrons
Double-replacement reaction
A chemical reaction in which two compounds react and exchange partners to form two new compounds
Electronegativity
The tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons of a covalent bond
an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Ion
Iconic bond
The attractive force that holds together ions or opposite charge
process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes
Ionization
Kinetic
The energy a particle has as a result of its motion KE=1/2mv^2
Lone pair
a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom and is sometimes called a non-bonding pair. They are found in the outermost electron shell of atoms. They can be identified by using a Lewis structure.
Nonpolar covalent bond
A covalent bond in which the bonding pair of electrons is shared equally by the bonded atoms
A rule for predicting electron behavior In reacting atoms. Says atoms will gain or lose sufficient electrons to achieve a noble gas configuration. Arrangement usually consisting of 8 electrons in the valence shell.
Octet
Oxidation
Involving the reaction with oxygen. A process... -in which electrons are given up -hydrogen is lost -an oxidation number increase
Polar covalent bond
A covalent bond that shows bond polarization, which is the bonding electrons are shared UNEQUALLY
Polyatomic ions
Covalently bonded groups of atoms that carry a net electrical charge
Potential
The energy a particle has as a result of attractive or repulsive forces acting on it
Product
The substances produced as a result of a reaction. Written on the right side of an equation.
Reactants
Substances that undergo a chemical change during a reaction. Written on left side of an equation
A process..
- in which oxygen is lost
- electrons are gained
- hydrogen is accepted
- or oxidation decreases
Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an element reacts with a compound and displaces
another element from the compound.
Single replacement
Substituent
an atom or group of atoms taking the place of another atom or group or occupying a specified position in a molecule.
Triple bond
The bond resulting from the sharing of three pairs of electrons
Valence
The outermost (highest energy) shell of an element that contains electrons
