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organic bio chem 1 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Absolute zero

A

The temperature at which all motion stops; a value of 0 on the Kelvin scale

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2
Q

Barometer

A

an instrument measuring atmospheric pressure, used especially in forecasting the weather and determining altitude.

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3
Q

Combination

A

A chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to form a single substance

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4
Q

Combustion

A

Oxygen reacts

H20 and CO2 are products

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5
Q

Condensation

A

An exothermic process in which a gas or vapor is changed to a liquid or solid

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6
Q

A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds. These reactions often involve an energy source such as heat, light, or electricity that breaks apart the bonds of compounds.

A

Decomposition

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7
Q

Deposition

A

The direct solidification of a vapor by cooling; the reverse of sublimation.

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8
Q

Double replacement

A

A chemical reaction in which two compounds react and exchange partners to form two new compounds

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9
Q

A reaction that ABSORBS heat

A

Endothermic

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10
Q

An endothermic process in which a liquid is changed to a gas; also called vaporization

A

Evaporation

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11
Q

A reaction that RELEASES heat

A

Exothermic

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12
Q

(of a liquid) be turned into ice or another solid as a result of extreme cold.
“in the winter the milk froze”

A

Freezing

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13
Q

The result of attractive dipolar forces between molecules in which hydrogen atoms are covalently bonded to electronegative elements (O,N or F)

A

Hydrogen bond

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14
Q

The energy a particle has as a result of its motion KE=1/2mv^2

A

Kinetic

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15
Q

Melting

A

The temp at which a solid changes to a liquid and they both have equal vapor pressure

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16
Q

In chemistry, the molar mass M is a physical property defined as the mass of a given substance divided by the amount of substance. The base SI unit for molar mass is kg/mol.

A

Molar mass

17
Q

Molarity

A

Moles per liter

18
Q

The # of particles contained in a sample element or compound with a mass in grams = to atomic or molecular weight
I mol= 6.022 x 10^23 particles

A

Moles

19
Q

A reaction in which an acid and a base react completely leaving a solution that contains only salt and water

A

Neutralization

20
Q

A solute that when dissolved in water forms a solution that does not conduct electricity

A

Non-electrolyte

21
Q

The process in which a solvent flows through a semipermeable membrane into a solution (dialysis)

A

Osmosis

22
Q

Observed changes without changes in composition

A

Physical

23
Q

Precipitate

A

a precipitate is an insoluble solid that emerges from a liquid solution

24
Q

Product

A

The substances produced as a result of a reaction taking place. Written on right side of equation representing reaction

25
Q

Reactant

A

The substances that undergo change in a reaction (left side of equation)

26
Q

Saturated

A

A solution that contains the max amount of dissolved solute in a stable situation

27
Q

Single replacement

A

A reaction in which an element reacts with a compound and displaces another element from the compound

28
Q

Solute

A

One or more substances present in a solution of lesser concentrations

29
Q

Solution

A

Homogeneous mixtures of two or more pure substances

30
Q

Solvent

A

The substance present in a solution with the largest amount

31
Q

Supersaturated

A

An unstable solution containing a solute greater than solubility

32
Q

Sublimation

A

An endothermic process where a solid is changed directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state

33
Q

Unsaturated

A

Solute concentration is lower than solubility

34
Q

Vaporization

A

Liquid to a gas aka evaporation

35
Q

Vapor pressure

A

Pressure exerted by a vapor that is in equilibrium with its liquid

organic bio chem 1 (5 decks)

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