Exam 4 Flashcards
What are the main topics and experiences that Nisa rembers when she discusses her early childhood?
-Nursing,
-giving birth
-kids insults to one another
-kids almost drown each other
-almost kill baby brother
0threats of violence
- kids sexual with each other
- the attitude of child birth
What does Nisa’s mom tell her to go get after her baby is born?
The digging stick
Does Nisa’s mom really want to kill the baby?
No she just wants Nisa to go away
In her memory adults are…
bad because they won’t let her eat what she wants
What age does a child stop nursing?
3
When do American’s stop nursing?
once they talk because weird (visceral reaction)
In USA nursing is viewed as….
A constraint from work
if keep nursing kid will never grow up ;over overattacted
what happens to us as child effects us forever
Why don’t KUNG care about looking at others body parts?
They are not individualistic and don’t look at long term effects
What body function does nursing control?
Reproduction (not menstruate)
Why USA doesn’t co-nurse
Socail facts regarding individuality and regarding person feel like baby is our possession.
How long do children sleep with their parents?
till age 3 or 5
USA culture and baby sleeping?
Own room because fear harm physical development, kids not become too attached, (SIDS greater chance when baby not in the same room), parents want privacy, independence of child (own sleep and feeding)
Why do parents not carry their kids in he US?
They want them to be independent. (car seat used all the time)
Why do KUNG carry children?
-babies walk very slow
learn language and good for them physically b/c muscles and inner ear develop faster b/c hold onto back
Is there parental Authority in KUNG culture?
No, children discipline other younger children, uncensored, children can swear back at parents
Do children get beat a lot?
No, verbal threats mostly
How much does Nisa eat as a child?
She eats everything
What does a baby represent to the KUNG?
That which will eat everything
Symbolic of the antisocial the being that culture socialized into a person
In what ways is baby antisocial to KUNG people and to American people?
Kung eat too much/consume too much food, US afraid baby consume too much time and money
What two things effect how a child is raised?
The working world, and the economic world
Where do parent’s have sex?
In the hut next to their children
Where do the children play?
Their own village
sexual play
Describe Privacy in KUNG culture?
Not important value, no different rooms, locks ect, parents having sex
Why does US want privacy?
To have sex, not legitamite if not in a private room
What dos USA culture think if kid sees sex?
scared for life importance of parent authority don't change over time cultural orgin (scarring depends on the culture_
How much free time do the KUNG have?
Unrestricted free time for kids, children exist in the very moment
How does USA discourage sexual play?
Adult authority, separate boys and girls when playing
toys reflect adult life shopping doctor
Sexual play and the KUNG
no long term scarring
girls and boys play together
KUNG children don’t fear adults because they have
no sense
When do adults in USA start discipline children?
When they start to talk, look for evidence of moral character at a young age, speech (understand no), mobility, children are expected to know right from wrong
When do KUNG children gain sense?
When they are 12
What is a trail marriage equivalent to?
Dating, parents get together and think be good match have pretend wedding, Tom Thumb Weddings in the south, Cotillion (taught manners, trained before hand, goal = develop social skills for adult hood, get ready for future as adult
Word KUNG use for being human based on cultural ethics (a real human being)
Zhun/twasi
having multiple partners ideal form of marriage in KUNG society
polygamy
Why a KUNG woman want a co wife
share burden of child rearing and food gathering
more control over her time
if not able to have children
friendship
Why won’t have multiple wives/husband
we idealize idea of 1 true love
individualistic experience
idea of what counts in a household
don’t want to share sexually or romantic
KUNG goal of marriage
reproduce
Why men would want multiple wives
share ideas among more relatives
status
more children increases status (can provide and support children)
Why woman not want to have co-wives
don’t want to share his wealth
arguments
Why men not want multiple wives?
drama over ability to support family
divide time
financial or materal pressures
(can’t just leave like USA)
What kind of society marriage wise to we live in?
Serial mongomy
How are our marriages arranged
people you see as choosable are determined culturally.
Why do parent’s arrange marriage for KUNG
parents know kids will be provided for
want to know what type of household children will be born into
A cultural process of transforming a person from one type of individual/self into another type
Rites of Passage
Ex. of Rites of Passage in USA
adulthood, school, religious(Baptism), getting car, turning 21, initiation
one of the expected of KUNG woman abehavior social facts of gender : need to appear serious especially during important eventsx
Kua
Other behavior expectation of KUNG women
voicing displeasure, license to complain,
Rites of Passage ex. for KUNG
menstruation celebration, marriage, funeral
Stages of rites of passage
- separation of self from former life
- liminal period (being between stages)
- reincorporation of new self into the community
Stage 1 explained (separation of self from former life)
When realize life is about to finish. Celebrate before bachelorette party (doesn’t happen again), classes before getting baptizes, marriage counceling, senior trip
Stage 2 explained (period between stages)
period of reversals, ritual food/drink ritual not over yet, dressed up act way not usually, act and eat and drink a lot of food
Weddings- dress up consume cake, cry (period of ectasy outpouring of emotion)
Stage 3 (reincorporation)
Baptism-welcomed into faith as new person
marriage- new person in church can’t stay in wedding dress forever, society requires leave previous self and fully accept new life (moving, get job after graduation)
Why do we need a big ritual
need to move on (cultural not behavioral)
believe event was significant
the VICERAL make change permenant need to experience physically
often shut down intellectually but physical keeps working
How menstration is right of passage
immediately placed in ritual place, hut dressed up, woman sing foul mouth, standards are reversed
understand childhood ending (makes you think about things)
Which gender is sense more important with in KUNG culture?
women
What age do KUNG menstrate
17
USA 12
How is birth viewed by KUNG
fulfillment of life, brings special regognition and adult status
Expression during birth US vs. KUNG
US- free expression allowed
KUNG- no emotion allowed
Who do they blame for newborn’s death?
the spirits ask WHY me
KUNG understanding of disease and healing
some diseases can only heal by spiritual healing
men go into trance and negotiate
Healing and Prayer
US not uncommen to pray for sick in emergency (similar to KUNG)
When do KUNG trance
only if disease cannot be cured with medicine (return of a cancer, continuous miscarriage
Where spirtits live
sacred
where we live
profane
balance between sacred and profane (think scale)
Health
Ex of Health in KUNG culture
children born not dying
no arguing
sick get healed
things being out of balance
disease/ill-ease
KUNG understanding of orgins of disease
The spirits (trying to get attention)
Describe Trance
Men possessed by spirits pulse drops heart rate drops blood pressure rises sometimes die b/c cardiac arrest
Where does the cure come from?
realm of spirits
Are KUNG fearful of disease
False they are fascinated with it
How do KUNG feel during a trance
Happy and celebrate because all of spirits coming
Why are healers male?
Protect women, dangerous, not until after menopause
if can’t have children takes on social role (no bad things about this)
Roles of taking over society
encapsulation, commercialization, stigimation
Describe encapsulation
the loss of autonomy
now sedentary, stuck in one area
Describe Commercialization
KUNG experience wage labor and money for the first time = no more sharing, arguing, hunger, less land, dirty living envoi. break down in reciprocity, emergence of hierarchy
Describe stigitization
if don’t join army stigmatized
no longer hunt b/c poaching
