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DPT 720 Gross Anatomy I > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior Abdominal Wall

A
  • 3 layers of muscle
  • 3 layers of abdominal fascia
  • 1 muscle between layers
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2
Q

Anterior Lateral Muscles

A
  • external oblique
  • internal oblique
  • transverse abdominis
  • upper 3 all insert into abdominal fascia
  • rectus abdominis: between layers of abdominal fascia
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3
Q

Layers of Abdominal Fascia

A
  • aponeurosis of: external and internal oblique, transverse abdominis
  • join centrally between 2 rectus abdominis muscles to form linea alba (where they crisscross)
  • three layers of abdominal fascia
  • centrally joined to form linea alba
  • arcuate line: approximately 1/2 way between umbilicus and pubic bone
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4
Q

Above Arcuate Line

A
  • external oblique aponeurosis is anterior to rectus abdominis
  • internal oblique aponeurosis split with half anterior to rectus abdominis and half behind
  • transverse abdominis aponeurosis is behind rectus abdominis
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5
Q

Below Arcuate Line

A

-all layers of abdominal fascia go anterior to rectus abdomins muscle

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6
Q

Inguinal Canal

A
  • parallel and superior to inguinal ligament
  • contains spermatic cord in males and round ligament in females
  • cremaster muscle, testicular artery and vein, ilioinguinal nerve, fascia through inguinal ring into scrotum, and genito femoral nerve
  • round ligament into labia majora
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7
Q

What goes through inguinal canal?

A

-spermatic cord, testicular artery and vein, Ilioinguinal nerve, cremaster muscle, genitofemoral nerve go through canal

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8
Q

Cremaster Muscle

A
  • males: from internal oblique, through inguinal canal to testis and spermatic cord
  • raise or lower testis for temperature control (sperm production) and during sexual arousal
  • females: remnant may be found with round ligament into labia majora
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9
Q

Pelvic Floor Muscles

A
  • levator ani group
  • puborectalis: form a sling from pubic bone, around rectum to pubic bone
  • iliococcygeus: ischium to coccyx
  • pubococcygeus: pubic bone to coccyx
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10
Q

Nerves of Anterior Abdominal Wall

A
  • ilioinguinal: L1, skin of scrotum/labia majora, adjacent medial thigh
  • genitofemoral: skin over femoral triangle and scrotum/labia major, cremaster muscle
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11
Q

Liver

A
  • on right just below diaphragm
  • detoxification of metabolites
  • protein synthesis
  • digestion biochemical
  • gall bladder: inferior to liver, bile storage, breaks down fats
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12
Q

Stomach

A
  • esophagus: leads into
  • smooth muscle
  • sphincter at top and bottom
  • exit into small intestine
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13
Q

Small Intestine

A
  • 22 feet
  • duodenum
  • jejunum
  • ileum
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14
Q

Large Intestine

A
  • ascending
  • transverse
  • descending
  • sigmoid
  • rectum
  • appendix is located right at beginning before it starts ascending
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15
Q

Pancreas

A
  • behind stomach

- endocrine gland

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16
Q

Kidneys

A
  • bean shaped
  • posterior (back pain)
  • filter blood of waste
  • empty via ureter into bladder
  • urethra
  • renal arteries and veins that come off of aorta and send blood to kidneys to be filtered
17
Q

Sperm Travel

A
  • testicles
  • epididymis (folding part of it-mullet)
  • vas deferens
  • prostate
  • urethra
18
Q

Female External Genitals

A
  • labia majora
  • labia minora
  • clitoris
19
Q

Female Internal Genitals

A
  • vagina
  • cervix
  • uterus
  • fallopian tubes
  • ovaries
20
Q

Cranial Meninges

A
  • dura mater: external, thick, dense fibrous membrane
  • arachnoid mater: intermediate, delicate membrane
  • pia mater: internal delicate membrane
  • CSF: nutrition, cushions brain, gets rid of waste, in subarachnoid space
21
Q

Parts of Brain

A
  • cerebrum: R&L hemispheres; emotions, hearing, vision, voluntary movement, sensory processing, speech
  • cerebellum
  • brainstem
22
Q

Lobes of Cerebrum

A
  • occipital
  • frontal
  • parietal
  • temporal
  • insular
23
Q

Frontal Lobes

A
  • reward
  • attention
  • short term memory
  • planning
  • motivation
  • primary motor cortex
24
Q

Parietal Lobe

A
  • primary sensory cortex
  • touch
  • language
  • proprioception
  • temperature
  • pain
  • numbers, mathematics
25
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

-processing sensory from: visual memory, auditory, language

26
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

-visual processing

27
Q

Blood Supply to Brain

A
  • internal carotid artery
  • basilar artery: from vertebral arteries
  • anterior communicating and posterior communicating to form circle of willis
28
Q

Cerebellum

A
  • two hemispheres
  • dorsal to midbrain
  • motor function, coordination, fine motor control, equilibrium, posture control
29
Q

Brain Stem

A
  • midbrain (mesencephalon):vision, hearing, motor control, arousal, temperature regulation
  • pons: sleep, respiration, breathing, bladder control, eye movement, posture
  • medulla: breathing, heart rate, BP
30
Q

Cranial Nerves

A
  • CN I: olfactory. smell
  • CN II: optic, vision
  • CN III: ophthalmic, occulomotor, small muscles of eye
  • CN IV: trochlear, small muscles of eye
  • CN V: trigeminal, mastication, sensory to face
  • CN VI: abducens, small muscles of eye
  • CN VII: facial, facial expression
  • CN VIII: vestibulocochlear, balance and hearing
  • CN IX: glossopharyngeal, upper throat and back of tongue
  • CN X: vagus, voice GI
  • CN XI: spinal accessory, trapezius, SCM
  • CN XII: hypoglossal, tongue
31
Q

Where Cranial Nerves Pass Through

A
  • CN I: cribriform plate of ethmoid
  • CN II: optic canal
  • CN III: superior orbital fissure
  • CN IV: superior orbital fissure
  • CN V: V1-superior orbital fissure V2-foramen rotundum V3-foramen ovale
  • CN VI: superior orbital fissure
  • CN VII: internal auditory meatus
  • CN VIII: internal auditory meatus
  • CN IV: jugular foramen
  • CN V: jugular foramen
  • CN VI: jugular foramen
  • CN XII: hypoglossal canal
32
Q

Spinal Cord

A
  • arises from medulla oblongata
  • ends in adult about T12, L1
  • conus medullaris: terminal end of cord
  • cauda equina: lumbar and sacral nerve roots off cord but within spinal canal
  • filum terminale: thread from conus medullaris to coccyx
33
Q

Spinal Nerve

A
  • dorsal roots: sensory; dorsal root ganglion, cell bodies
  • ventral roots: motor
  • radicular arteries: dorsal and ventral run with spinal nerve roots
  • SAME DAVE: sensory afferent, motor efferent, dorsal afferent, ventral efferent
34
Q

Tracks of Spinal Cord

A
  • ascending: sensory

- descending: motor

DPT 720 Gross Anatomy I (8 decks)

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