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Abnormal > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Substance Use

A
  • Low to moderate use, and does not produce problems with social or occupational life.
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2
Q

Psychoactive drugs

A
  • Affect the way you think, emotion, behavior
  • Decreases blood flow to the brain.

New in DSM 5 - previously (substance abuse and substance dependence)

Substance Abuse DSM 4
- Disrupts social or job function

Substance Dependence DSM 4
- Developed a tolerance to drug

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3
Q

Substance Use Disorder

A
  • Using amounts more than intended and longer than intended
  • Persistent desire / unsuccessful efforts to cut back on use
  • Great deal of time trying cop some of the shit, or recover from the effects.
  • Craving for the substance
  • Use of substance interferes with fulfilling major role obligations
  • Important activities given up because of the substance
  • Using the substance to where it is physically bad
  • Develop tolerance - need more of the substance.
  • Withdrawals - physical or psychological (depression or anxiety).

> The use of one drug is often a gateway drug.

> Severe mental disorders - (½ have substance disorder) - comorbidity/ dual diagnosis

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4
Q

Caffeine

A
  • most used substance
  • central nervous stimulant
  • Increases sense of awareness / wakefulness
  • Better concentration
  • Can lead to tolerance, dependence, withdrawal
  • Increased anxiety symptoms - / stress hormones in the blood stream.
  • DSM 5* no caffeine use disorder.
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5
Q

Nicotine

A
  • Stimulant and depressant
  • Alert, produces adrenaline, increase the production of glucose, and increases blood pressure
  • Releases dopamine - activating pleasure center in brain - then releasing GABA.
  • Removed from the body pretty quickly- passes the blood brain barrier.
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6
Q

Alcohol

A
  • Increased production of GABA
  • Affects frontal lobe of your brain
  • Becoming more uninhibited - affects reasoning / judgement
  • Memory is affected -
  • Cerebellum - motor movement, balance
  • Medulla - where blackout comes into play

> bleeding in stomach and intestines, liver disease, immune system is weakened, heart failure, decreased sex drive.
cognitive tasks impaired, brain shrinks -
heavy drinkers - 12 yrs shorter.

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7
Q

Korsakoffs

A
  • Long term drinking, causing confusion

- Confabulate- bs

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8
Q

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

A
  • Effects on unborn baby
  • Low body weight, intellectual and physical development.

> Children with behavioral problems, hyperactive, aggressive - increased likelihood to develop the disorder
Family conflict - lack of cohesiveness in family (closeness)
Academic failure.
Social pressure to use drugs
Rejection

> Effects are different for everyone - food, women metabolize alcohol less effectively - also, smaller amounts needed to get turnt.

> .50 - passes out .55 people can die (ABL)
No nutritional value - excessive drinker = malnutrition

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9
Q

Benzo

A
  • Given when person is going thru withdrawal - (valium, xanax)
  • Lowers seizures and tremors
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10
Q

Acetaldehyde / ADh (what breaks it down)

A
  • What alcohol is broken down initially to

- Is very toxic - causes nausea -

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11
Q

Acetic Acid / AlDh (what breaks it down) - Alkoholdehydrogenase

A

What alcohol is broken into next

> Bio causes - releases dopamine
Genetic link -

> Behavioral causes - alcohol and drugs are reinforcing -

> Cognitive - the way you think about the situation - (“when I drink, good things happen”)

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12
Q

Marijuana

A
  • Lasts a couple of hours
  • Tranquility - more calm
  • Increased sensory awareness
  • Increased hunger
  • Increase BP, HR, Ability to process information is reduced, - Paranoia
  • There are cancer causing agents in weed.

> prescribed for pain - chemo, glaucoma
pharma companies spend money to not legalize weed

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13
Q

Amphetamines

A
  • Increased energy, more alert,
  • Reduces appetite
  • Increased BP, HR
  • Blood vessel damage - stroke
  • Increases psychotic symptoms

> big tolerance for “speed”, along with withdrawal symptoms

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14
Q

Cocaine

A
  • Releases dopamine

- Also serotonin, norepinephrine

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15
Q

Benzodiazepines

A
  • Anti-anxiety medications (valium, xanax)
  • Very addictive
  • Over sedation
  • Stopping abruptly increases seizures
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16
Q

Opioids

A
  • Reduce physical pain
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17
Q

Detoxification

A
  • Rehab, depression, anxiety

- After heavy drinking stops 6-24 hours

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18
Q

Impatient program

A
  • Live there bruh
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19
Q

Outpatient Facility

A
  • Not living there - 3-5 times a week.

- Individual and group counseling

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20
Q

AA

A
  • 12 step program - it’s a support group.
  • Believes it Is a disease , think of a higher power.
  • Benefits - large support system of people who don’t drink.
  • Gets you away from setting

> psychotherapist - help them see how alcohol is hurting them - how it is the enemy

> Triggers -

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21
Q 
Abstinence
Antabuse
Naltrexone
Covert Sensitization 
Relapse
A

you should know these terms

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22
Q

Aversion Therapy

A
  • When you associate a negative behavior- like drinking and you pair with with a negative stimulus.
  • “If everytime you smoke, you receive an electric shock”.

> start dealing with this at a young age
understand the negative effects
increase coping skills

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23
Q

Desire

A

Sexual fantasies, engagement

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24
Q

Sexual Drive

A
  • motivation to engage in sexual activity

Related to levels of testosterone (men), estrogen (women) [both pretty equal]

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25
Q

Arousal Phase

A
  • Direct stimulation increases, heart rate increases,
  • Men - blood in penis (men- little need for emotional connection)
  • Women - wet pussy. (women - more of emotional closeness to the partner)
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26
Q

Orgasm

A
  • Release of sexual tension
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27
Q

Refractory period

A
  • Men - after an orgasm - there is a period of time where it is difficult to cum again. (age,
  • Women - don’t have it.
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28
Q

Resolution Phase

A
  • Period after the orgasm phase.
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29
Q

Homosexuality

A
  • Not a disorder because there is no higher incidence in mental disorders with gays. It’s physiological.
  • Homosexuality is not a choice.
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30
Q

Sexual Desire Disorders

A
  • Reduce or lack of sex drive, causes significant impairment with the person, distress.
31
Q

Hypoactive

A
  • Diminished or reduced desire *6 months or longer
32
Q

Sexual Aversion

A
  • Repelled by the idea of sex, you avoid it.
  • Causes: sexual abuse, stress, hormonal changes, meds, depression, fear of losing control, fear of intimacy,
  • Treatment: talk about the abuse
33
Q

Arousal Disorders

A
  • Have sex drive, but have difficulty getting aroused
  • Men - ED. Women - dry pussy.
  • W; marital conflict.
  • Fear of closeness, need to maintain control over your emotions.
34
Q

Erectile Disorder

A

Difficulty maintaining a boner.

35
Q

Primary ED

A
  • Guy who has never had an erection. Rare

- Caused by physical causes, see in hard upbringing. Made to feel guilty if you’re turn on or aroused

36
Q

Secondary ED

A
  • Has had one, but now is limp af.
  • Use of alcohol, reaction to medication, aging, fatigue, and

Performance anxiety:
- Being nervous before performance,

37
Q

Sensate Focus

A
  • Treatment technique for men and women
  • Non sexual massage
  • Mutual pleasuring in a nonsexual way
38
Q

Orgasmic Disorders

A
  • Have desire, aroused, can’t have orgasm
  • Most females don’t cum when they get fcked right in the pussy. hooyaaahh
  • Position, stimulation inadequate, too much pressure
  • Women - difficulty having the orgasm constantly.
39
Q

Premature Ejaculation - Primary / Secondary

A
  • Cums too quick (little bitch)
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Since day one / before he we g now he’s cums too quick.
40
Q

Start / Stop

A
  • Edging bruh basically.

- When you boutta nut - you stop then go back in a few.

41
Q

Squeeze Technique

A
  • We he’s about to nutt - squeezes nutts.
42
Q

Delayed Ejaculation

A
  • Does not cum, Fear of giving up control
43
Q

Genito-Pelvic Pain / Penetration

A

Persistent difficulty with vag penetration, before, during, or after sex

44
Q

Gender Dysphoria Disorders

A
  • When person has discomfort with their physical characteristics with their assigned gender
  • Women; feel that they are male - or vice versa
45
Q

Sexual Orientation

A
  • Your degree of erotic and emotional attraction with same or opposite sex.
  • Is you gay or nah
  • Bio, genetics, and cultural or social influences.
46
Q

Transsexualism

A
  • Seek a sex change, extreme discomfort
47
Q

Paraphilias

A
  • *6 month sexual disorder - distressed by recurring urges or fantasies or they acted upon it.
  • Involved non-human objects, or non consenting people, inflicting pain on others.
  • To have disorder: distressing to the person or the partner and causes significant impairment in interpersonal, social, and occupational functioning.
48
Q

Fetishism

A
  • When the person has a strong sexual attraction, fantasies that involve inanimate objects. (seen more with guys)
  • Sexual outfit, heels,
  • must have this for the arousal to occur.
49
Q

Transvestic Fetishism

A
  • Transvestite - for the guy to be sexuall arroused, they need to be wearing laungere - mostly straight, not gay
  • They straight but what turns them on is lady undies
50
Q

Exhibitionism

A
  • When the person has consistent urges or fantasies, exposing their shit to strangers. (typically a man).
  • Underlying insecurities. (arousal; shock of the other person).
51
Q

Voyeurism

A
  • Consistent urges or acts - observing strangers having sex. (peeping tom).
52
Q

Frotteurism

A
  • Urges or acts - rubbing up against a nonconsenting person.
53
Q

Pedophilia

A
  • adult - erotic gratification - sexual conflict with a child.
  • Most child molesters are married men - ⅔ of child molesters are fathers (have own child).
  • Often a friend or relative of family.
  • Most have been abused themselves
54
Q

Effects of molested child

A
  • Therapy, if molestation included intercourse- more difficult to overcome, longer periods of time, forceful
  • If more than one molester - it’s more traumatic - blames self.
55
Q

Plethysmography

A
  • Not used much today - measures changes in the penis ; ethical problems
56
Q

Antiandrogen Medication

A
  • Treatment - lower sex drive

- Lower testosterone levels

57
Q

Satiation

A
  • Over exposure - arousal comes down.
58
Q

Sadism

A
  • Associated with inflicting physical or psycho pain on a person (non consenting)
59
Q

Masochism

A
  • The way they get turned on is to be the recipient of the pain.
60
Q

HIV

A
  • No cure, there is a vaccine

- 75% of people who get aids - gotten through heterosexual sex.

61
Q

Deinstitutionalization

A
  • 1960s - Getting them out of the hospitals and into community
62
Q

Civil Commitment

A
  • Patient with psycho disorders cannot take care of themselves
  • Refuse voluntary treatment - danger to self or others
  • Institutionalized against their will
  • Least restrictive (shelter) that will still take care of them.
63
Q

Competency to stand trial

A
  • Must have a factual understanding of the proceedings

- Be able to rationally consult with the attorney

64
Q

Criminal Commitment

A
  • When a person with psycho disorder commits crime and they could be judged not guilty by reason of insanity or may be found to be incompetent to stand trial.
65
Q

Not guilty by reason of Insanity

A
  • Person who committed a crime but their psycho disorder - prevents them from understanding the seriousness of the crime.
  • Sent to a mental hospital until attorneys can prove to the court that you are not in danger to yourself or others.
  • Difficult to predict if a person is going to be violent
66
Q

M’Naghten Rule

A
  • The person did not know right from wrong at the time of the crime.
67
Q

Irresistible Impulse

A
  • DID know what they were doing was wrong but could not control their behavior
68
Q

Durham Standard

A
  • Person is not responsible for the crime if their psycho disorder interfered with their ability to demonstrate a capacity to resist impulses. And conform their behavior to the law.
  • A 1954 U.S. rule used as a test of criminal responsibility and stating that an individual accused of a crime is not criminally responsible if the unlawful act was the product of mental disease or mental defect
69
Q

American Law Institute

A

Person is not responsible for the crime if their psycho disorder interfered with their ability to demonstrate a capacity to resist impulses. And conform their behavior to the law.

70
Q

Diminished Capacity

A

When you know that what you’re doing is wrong but you were on some shit so it interfered you being able to control your impulses. (twinkie defense)

71
Q

Guilty but mentally ill

A
  • Criminally guilty, but may not receive treatment in jail.
  • Placed in treatment facility. They will remain in custody of department until full sentence is done. (20 years, but will serve elsewhere - full amount of time).
  • Can refuse treatment
  • Encourage least intrusive treatment.
  • Endanger to self or others - can
72
Q

Confidentiality

A
  • What patient tells therapist - is between the them.

Exceptions:

  • Must break: child abuse,elder abuse, harm or kill identifiable person
  • May break: suicide (self or others - not directly identifiable)
    Confidentiality: anything else is supposed to be only between you two
73
Q

Privilege

A
  • Legal term that prevents a therapist from sharing confidential information during a legal proceeding.
  • If client brings up their mental health - this is the only exception.
74
Q

Dual Relationship

A
  • Can’t have outside relationship with your patient - unethical

(ex relationship - *2 years - it’s okay to engage a relationship with them, never okay to have sex with a patient)

Abnormal (5 decks)

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