Exam 2 Flashcards
(46 cards)
Somatic Symptoms Disorder
When patient has physical symptoms that are not fully explained by a medical condition.
Physical symptoms caused by psychological disorders.
6 months (default in order to have disorder)
Conversion Disorder
Person has a loss of functioning due to a psychological condition.
Not intentionally produced.
Altered motor/ sensory dysfunction. Sudden paralysis, blindness,
I.e. fighter pilot, kill wrong group of people, months later can develop temporary blindness - traumatic so that it closes down vision.
Undisturbed about their symptoms -
Illness Anxiety Disorder
DSM 4 hypochondriac -
Not making up symptoms, they have them, they just exaggerate the severity of the symptoms.
Difficult to reassure these patients.
*treatment - family history, get reassurance from Dr.
Comorbidity
Factitious Disorder
- When patient has physical or psychological symptoms that are intentionally produced for the purpose of being in the sick role.
- Go to extensive travel and energy
- Munchausen’s syndrome - is now called factitious disorder - not in DSM 5
- This is about attention. 2 different types, yourself or towards another person.
- Malingering- produces symptoms for obvious gain (get drugs, get out of something)
Dissociative Disorders
- identity, memory, consciousness is disrupted.
* triggered by stress
Dissociative Amnesia
- When person has inability to recall important information
Sometimes this person wanders around.
*Fugue - travel and wander away,
Dissociative Identity
DSM 3 - called Multiple personality disorder - DSM now called
- Two or more distinct personalities within the same person.
Almost always caused by severe childhood trauma (physical, sexual) - Look back, find out history, and talk about trauma. *rare disorder
Depersonalization / Derealization
- When person has feeling that they are detached from their body or surroundings
Underlying anxiety. - Causes : Vascular impairment, dementia, drugs, chronic stress
Anorexia Nervosa (restrictive or purging)
- Refusal to maintain a body weight that’s 85% generally recognized normal weight for an age or height. Intense fear of gaining weight, distort body image.
- Mainly adolescent, young females 14-25yrs old. 3 month period
Can lead to death, irregular heartbeat, electrolyte imbalance. *highest mortality rate. - DSM 4 requirement miss 3 menstrual cycles.
Restrictive - control amount of calorie intake. (not taking in food, calories) - Purging - take in a lot of food, then make themselves vomit, lax, exercise.
- dispute cognitive distortions
Causes : perfectionism, attempt to get control, controlling family system, chemical imbalance
Psycho - unexpressed conflicts, tensions, feelings, unconscious fear of intimacy or sexuality.
Low self esteem - more critical.
Sexual abuse, genetic, low levels of serotonin
When they eat, it causes anxiety, food leads to unpleasant feeling,
*prozac is used to treat eating disorders
Treatment: family history, psychotherapy, pediatrician,
70-75% impatient program - medical treatment?
Bulimia Nervosa
Recurring episodes of binge eating more than the average person.
Lack of control over eating.
once a week, 3 months *more common than anorexia, and occurs later in life.
After eating, take action to prevent weight gain (vomiting, excessive exercise)
See other problems GI, heart abnormalities,
Impulsive and sensation seeking: risky behaviors.
Causes: distressing thoughts, anxiety,
Treatment: what are these unresolved conflicts, break this cycle - as a therapist. Write down when it happens and what you’re thinking about.
Relapse trigger: what’s going on that causes you to eat hella much, and when it comes up, find alternate ways of handling this.
Cognitive Behavioral: the way you think about things, causes you to eat a lot.
Antipsychotic can be given?
Binge Eating Disorder
DSM 5 - new category
Most common than anorexia or bulimia
Eat rapidly, lack of control, eat until uncomfortable, eat a lot when not hungry, eating a lot when alone,
once a week for 3 months
Causes: reinforcing effects of food, food produces more dope,
Listed in DSM 5
Pica
Persistent eating of nonfood substances
Usually has developmental disorder, lack of iron, living in impoverished environment
Rumination
Eat recently discarded food, consistent way of eating.
Avoidant- Restrictive Food Intake
- Very narrow range of foods, usually done to regulate emotions, avoid anxiety.
- Lead to nutritional deficiency and weight loss.
Anxiety Disorders / Neurocognitive Disorders
To be classified with an anxiety disorder - feeling of apprehension / tension / fear - over arousal. Debilitating to the person. - (must have those three).
Debilitating
disrupts their social functioning or could disrupt their personal function in or job functioning.
Sometimes people are aware of their fears - but doesn’t help.
When people have mild or moderate levels of arousal - increases learning and memory - often beneficial. But when it is too much - negative effects happen.
Comorbiduty
- diagnoses that go along with another one. 57% of people that have anxiety disorder have another diagnosable disorder.
Panic Attacks
- accelerated heart rate, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, choking, chest pain, nausea, depersonalization - detached, dizziness, fear of losing control.
Panic Disorder
- Severe episodes of apprehension and feelings of doom. (without any trigger, particular cause).
- Needs to be recurrent unexpected panic attacks. 1 month of worry over another panic attack. ( needs to have two or more, plus another worry of another panic attack).
- Fear of losing control - trigger (10 minutes come on quickly subside within an hour).
Agoraphobia
When patient has increased fear of anxiety and has to be in two of the following situations:
- Anxiety about using public transportation /anxiety in being in open public places / can also be in enclosed places / being in a crowd / or even outside of the home.
- Fear that they will be in places where help can not get to them.
- 6 months
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Chronic high levels of anxiety that is not tied to any specific situation.
- Have more days than not having it, *6 months.
- More irritable, sleep disturbances, fatigue, muscle tension, restlessness, impaired concentration, more nervous. - can’t tolerate ambiguity
- Negative life events, trauma can cause this *
- children have more physio symptoms -stomach aches, headaches
- Goes hand in hand with depression, substance abuse.
- High need for structure and clarity.
Social Anxiety Disorder ( 3rd most commonly diagnosed psych disorder)
- When the person has an increased fear of social situations: be evaluated or judged by others, rejected, or viewed in a negative light.
(is it limited to public speaking? Or performing?)
- Average age - 12 years old.
- Treatment: be supportive, teach them social skills
Specifier - DSM 5
Specifier DSM 5 - level or degree of impairment
Selective Mutism
- Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations outside of the home * have to last for at least one month.
(excludes the first month of school).
