exam 4 Flashcards
1
Q
the elementary forms of religious life
- creator
- when does religion and society emerge
A
- emile durkheim
- when people are able to separate the sphere of the profane from the sphere of the sacred
2
Q
sphere of the profane
- definition
- ex
A
- ordinary day to day activities and ordinary use of objects
- we need to eat and drink for survival
3
Q
sphere of the sacred
- definition
- ex
A
- use of ordinary objects in transcendent ways
- the Eucharist bc it symbolizes the blood of christ
4
Q
5 stages of religious evolution
A
- primitive religion
- archaic religion
- historic religion
- early modern religion
- modern religion
5
Q
primitive religion
- type of religion
- definition
- institutions
- what are gods
A
- animism
- religion and society are fused
- no specialized institutions
- “ideas” that we pray to
6
Q
Archaic religion
- characterized by
- type of gods
- who takes on God like qualities
- who begins to develop
A
- polytheism
- greek
- spirits
- priests
7
Q
animism
A
refers to the spirit world
8
Q
historic religion
- shift from what
- how do you get into heaven
A
- shift from polytheism to monotheism
- being pious (pray a lot)
9
Q
Early modern religion
- 4 things develops
- redemption and salvation occurs through
A
- institutions
- priests
- codification of religion
- protestant revolution
- hard work on earth
10
Q
Modern religion
- definition
- what is being replaced by secular
- what is being replaced by humanistic
- american civil religion
A
- religious values/norms are being replaced by secular ones
- religious values are being replaced by humanistic one
- we believe that we have something special
11
Q
how religion benefits society
-4 functions
A
- transmission of norms and values
- discipline
- cohesion (religion brings us together)
- transmission of heritage
12
Q
Status
- definition
- what do we occupy
- ex
A
- describing our location and some sort of system
- a position that we occupy
- instructor, father, husband
13
Q
role
- definition
- ex
A
- a cluster of norms that help define how the status occupant is expected to behave
- as an instructor you are supposed to teach, hold office hours, etc
14
Q
role strain
- definition
- ex
A
- an incompatibility between roles in a single status
- having too much to do
15
Q
role conflict
- definition
- ex
A
- expectation of one status is inconsistent or conflicts with another status and sometimes you confuse the two
- ex. mom or dad misses a sporting event bc it conflicts with work
16
Q
status set
- definition
- 2 types
A
- describing the various statuses that we occupy that constitute our status set
- ascribed and achieved
17
Q
ascribed status
- definition
- ex
A
- a status that we receive typically at birth
- race and gender
18
Q
achieved status
- definition
- ex
A
- statuses that we achieve/earn
- college student, instructor
19
Q
status inconsistency
- definition
- what do others perceive us as
- what does our ascribed status become
A
- we think of ourselves as our achieved statuses but the way i percieve myself and the way you percieve me are 2 different things
- as our ascribed status
- our master status
20
Q
master status
A
how other perceive you even though it is not how we perceive ourselves or how we want to be percieved
21
Q
how do we think of sex
A
as a binary
22
Q
how do we learn to become masculine and feminine
A
through gender role socialization
23
Q
gemeinschaft
- definition
- relationships are
- interactions with members of what type of groups
- how do you view yourself
A
- represents the small town way of life
- personal
- primary groups (close emotional ties
- view yourself as a member of a group rather than an ind.
24
Q
Gesellschaft
- definition
- relationships
- interactions with people
- how do people think of themselves
- problematic?
- ex
A
- society life in larger cities
- distant and impersonal
- don’t have strong emotional ties (secondary group)
- as an ind.
- yes
- coworkers
25
multiplex role relationships
- definition
- ex
- interacting with people that play multiple roles
| - Sam is my best friend, the father of my son's best friend and my grocer
26
Simplex role relationships
- definition
- ex
- characterize life in the larger city
| - jodie is my bus driver and only views me as a passenger bc she knows nothing about me
27
social solidarity
| -2 things
1. weakening of the collective conscience
| 2. differentiation; mechanical and organic solidarity
28
collective conscience
- definition
- where is it stronger
that part of the individual's conscious that we all share in common
-in small towns
29
mechanical solidarity
- characterized by what
- found in
- what does it do to people
- characterized by sameness or likeness
- small towns
- unites people
30
organic solidarity
- based upon what
- found in
- more dependent on
- difference
- large city
- each other than people in small towns
31
critical mass
- definition
- what does it produce
- eventually what does it produce
- share your interests
- subcultural communities
- produces migration because of the existence of communities
32
civic engagment
- definition
- members of?
- type of activities
- involved in
- more likely to be
joined "voluntary activities"
- church
- veteran/war
- civic oriented community activities
- boy/girl scouts
33
private social engagement
| -definition
people get together in informal groups
