Exam 4

Question 1

the specific movements involved in making the response

Answer 1

topography

Question 2

the number of instances of a behavior that occurs in a given period of time

Answer 2

frequency/rate of behavior

Question 3

the length of time that a behavior occurs within some period of time

Answer 3

relative duration of behavior

Question 4

the degree of correlation between a stimulus and a response

Answer 4

stimulus control

Question 5

the time between the occurrence of a stimulus and the beginning of that behavior

Answer 5

latency

Question 6

the recording of every instance of a behavior during a designated observation period

Answer 6

continuous recording

Question 7

logs the behavior as either occurring or not occurring during short intervals of equal duration during the specified observation period

Answer 7

interval recording

Question 8

scores a behavior as occurring or not occurring during very brief observation

Answer 8

time-sampling recording

Question 9

two independent observers might record observations of the same behavior of the same individual during a given session

Answer 9

interobserver reliability (IOR)

Question 10

measure of behavior

Answer 10

dependent variable

Question 11

treatment variable

Answer 11

independent variable

Question 12

a study that convincingly demonstrates that the independent variable caused the observed change in the dependent variable has

Answer 12

internal validity

Question 13

a study that can be generalized to other behaviors, individuals, settings, or treatments has

Answer 13

external validity

Question 14

an experimental design consisting of a baseline phase followed by a treatment phase, followed by a reversal back to baseline conditions and followed by a replication of the treatment phase

Answer 14

reversal-replication design/ ABAB design

Question 15

4 minimal components for a behavior modification program

Answer 15

screening phase
assessment phase
treatment phase
follow-up phase

Question 16

establishing baselines for two or more of an individual’s behaviors followed by introducing the treatment sequentially across those behaviors

Answer 16

multiple-baseline-across-behaviors design

Question 17

establishing baselines for a behavior of an individual across two or more situations concurrently followed by the introduction of the treatment to the behavior sequentially across those situations

Answer 17

multiple-baseline-across-situations design

Question 18

establishing baselines for a specific behavior across two or more people concurrently followed by the introduction of the treatment sequentially to each person

Answer 18

multiple-baseline-across-people design

Question 19

the control that a treatment exerts on an individual’s behavior is evaluated by introducing successive changes in the behavioral criterion for application of the treatment

Answer 19

changing-criterion design

Question 20

alternating two or more treatment conditions, one condition per session, to assess their effects on a single behavior of a single individual

Answer 20

alternating-treatments/multielement design

Question 21

a variety of procedures for attempting to identify antecedents and consequences for problem behaviors

Answer 21

functional assessment

Question 22

the systematic manipulation of environmental events to experimentally test their role as antecedents or as consequences in controlling and maintaining specific problem behaviors

Answer 22

functional analysis

Question 23

a written agreement that provides a clear statement of what behaviors of what individuals will produce what reinforcers and who will deliver those reinforcers

Answer 23

behavioral contract

Question 24

a written agreement between the client and the behavior modifier that clearly outlines the objectives and methods of treatment, the framework of the service to be provided and the contingencies for remuneration that may be forthcoming to the behavior modifier

Answer 24

treatment contract