Exam 4 Flashcards
Memory
- The ability to recall previous experience
- The mental capacity to encode, store and retrieve information
Types of Memory
- Short-term memory
- Long term memory
- Working memory
- Procedural memory
Short-term memory
- One time exposure
- Limited capacity
- Limited duration
- 20 Seconds without rehearsal
Long Term memory
- Requires practice
- infinite capacity
- lasts a life-time
Types of long-term memory
- Declarative
- Non Declarative
Declarative long term memory
- Things you know that you can tell others
Types of declarative long term memory
- Episodic
- Semantic
- Damage
Episodic declarative long term memory
- Remembering your first day in school
Semantic declarative long term memory
- Knowing information known
Damage to the long term memory
- Inability to form new episodic and semantic memories
Non Declarative Long term memory
- Things you know that ou can show by doing
Types of non declarative long term memory
- skill learning
- priming
- Conditioning
What is skill learning
- Knowing how to do something
What is priming
- being more likely to use a word you hear recently
What is conditioning
- reactions to stimuli
What is working memory
- brain anatomy
- Associated with pre-frontal cortex
Or
Damage to working memory
- difficulty holding information in mind
Procedural Memory
- procedural/implicit memories seem to depend on basal ganglia, motor cortex and cerebellum
Parts evolved in memory
- Neuroscience Gold
- Hipposcampus
- Perirhinal Cortex
- Parahippocampal Cortex
- Entorhinal Cortex
Neuroscience Gold effect on memory
- Bilateral Medial removed
- Results in anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia
Delcearative effect of neuroscience gold
- Consolidation impaired in HM
Non-Decleartive effect of neuroscience gold
- Consolidation not impaired in HM
Hippocampus effect on memory
- important for spatial memory
- consolidation of declarative memories
Perihinal Cortex effect on memory
- Important for visual object memory
Parahippocampal Cortex effect on memory
- Important in viso spatial memory
Entorhinal Cortex effect on memory
- Important in familiarity
Diseases of memory
- Korsakoff’s syndrome
- Alzheimer’s disease
What is Korsakoff’s Syndrome
- Severe form of amnesia that is most common for chronic alcohol use
Alzheimer’s disease
Progressive, degenerative and incurable brain disease
Characteristic of alzheimer’s disease
- memory loss
- confusion
- Restlessness
- Agitation
- hallucinations
- Impairments in reasoning and planning
- Loss of language
What are the genetic basis of Alzheimer’s disease
- Amyolid B Plaque build up which interferes with neuron and glial cell function
- Tau
- atrophy
Cholinergic Degeneration
- part of alzheimer’s disease
- Ach loss is correlated with AD
Hebb’s Pstulate
- WHen an axon of a cell A is near enough to excite cell B or repeatedly takes part in firing it, some growth process change takes place in one or both cells such a’s efficiency as one of the cells firing B is increased
Long-term Potentiation
- Strengthening of communication between pre- and post- synaptic neurons after repeated stimulation
