Exam 4 Flashcards
What is an LMA?
Laryngeal Mask Airway, Temporary, less invasive
What is an ETT?
Endotracheal Tube
Why intubate?
Maintain clear airway in difficult circumstances. operations on head, neck, mouth, throat and nose. protection of trachea/ controlled ventilation
What are Laryngoscopes?
Instruments used for performing intubations
Aim of GA maintenance?
Oxygenation, unconsciousness, analgesia, muscle relaxation, Control of autonomic reflexes
Why is Aspiration a major risk under GA?
decreased throat reflexes under GA, acidic gastric contents enter lungs impeding lung function and gas exchange
What is Haemostasis?
(stopping/managing bleeding) The arrest or control of bleeding, usually achieved through blood clotting methods
What is direct and indirect pressure?
Direct = to the site, Indirect = area adjacent
What is a tourniquet?
device used to constrict blood flow
What is a Pnuematic Tourniquet?
used for surgery on extremity, inflated automatically from compressed gas
What is the max tourniquet pressure time for upper/lower limb?
upper limb 1 hr, lower limb 1.5 hr
What is a Haemostatic clamp?
clamped onto end of bleeding vessel
(Haemostatic) What is a tie?
strand of material tied around a blood vessel to occlude the lumen
Haemostatic) What is a Suture?
suture material passed through the vessel wall then ties as above, eliminates risk of slipping off. Or tie tissue together
(Haemostatic) What is a Ligating clip?
pinching shut over the blood vessel, clips serrated to prevent slippage, for large vessels/difficult to access places.
