Exam 4 Flashcards
which economies are poor in Africa? and why?
Sahel Horn - due to drought and war
what were the earliest economies in Africa based on?
hunting,
fishing,
food gathering
other names for subsistence agriculture?
- shifting agriculture/cultivation,
- land rotation
- bush fallow method - based on the slash and burn technique
Which country produces the most gold and diamonds? How much?
South Africa
- it produces half of the income of Africa’s mineral mining
What is the biggest producer of Gold?
South Africa is the world’s biggest producer of gold.
Africa produces what percentage of the world’s gold supply?
over 75%
Which countries produce gold?
South Africa,
Zimbabwe,
Ghana,
Democratic Republic of Congo
Africa virtually produces the world’s supply of what?
gems and industrial diamonds
iron ore is found where?
all parts of Africa
what countries are the major producers of diamonds in Africa?
South Africa,
Botswana,
Republic of Congo
What were the universities and colleges in the colonial era? How many?
5
- Fourah Bay College in Sierra Leone (Britain)
- The University of Algiers in 1879 (France)
- The State University at Elizabethville in Democratic Republic of Congo (Belgium)
- The University of Makerere in Uganda (Britain)
- The University of Science and Technology in Ghana
What have Africans achieved on their own in regard to education?
1) In 1976 Nigeria introduced universal primary education
2) In South Africa, the new government promised 10 years of free education to all South Africans
3) African nations have also made progress in Africanizing the teaching personnel and curriculum
4) After independence, each African country, even the poorest ones, established their own institutions of higher learning
what is the most industrialized nation in Africa?
South Africa
What is the most industrially advanced nation in North Africa?
Egypt
What types of industries are there in West Africa?
traditional and modern
traditional and modern industries are found where?
West Africa
the traditional industry is found in which part of Africa, and includes what?
West Africa,
1) pottery/ceramics
2) basket weaving
3) carving
Which nations in West Africa are making industrial progress?
Nigeria,
Ghana,
the Ivory Coast
the modern industries are found where, and include what?
West Africa,
- assembly plants
these Central African mineral producers are developing faster:
Cameroun,
Congo,
Gabon
what is the most economically advanced nation in East Africa?
Kenya
what is the major industry in East Africa, and where?
Kenya - tourism
what are some other industries found in East Africa?
coffee,
cotton,
sisal
What nations are making progress in Southern Africa?
Botswana,
Zimbabwe,
South Africa
South Africa primarily produces what?
minerals
in general, African industries are what type of industries?
primary
the Aswan High Dam is built where?
the River Nile, Egypt
The Kariba Dam is built where?
on the Zambezi, East Africa
the Cahorra Bassa Dam is where?
Mozambique
Kainji Dam - where?
Nigeria
This Dam is in Nigeria?
Kainji Dam
the dam in Mozambique?
Cahorra Bassa Dam
the Volta Dam is where?
Ghana
the dam in ghana?
Volta Dam
the dam the Zambezi?
Kariba Dam - east afrcia
the Cahorra Bassa Dam powers which country?
South Africa
South Africa is powered by this Dam?
Cahorra Bassa
what 5 areas has the internet impacted Africa?
1) attract investment
2) promote tourism
3) improve healthcare - through healthnet
4) expand educational opportunities - e.g. African Virtual university
5) enhance communication
what 3 things cause deforestation?
1) clearing land for shifting cultivation
2) lumbering
3) cutting trees to use for fuelwood
what 2 things cause desertification?
1) overgrazing
2) drought
what causes soil erosion?
deforestation
deforestation is the main cause of:
soil erosion
these countries get money from wildlife tourism:
Zimbabwe, Kenya, Botswana, Tanzania, South Africa
what 6 things cause the debt crisis?
1) oil price hikes
2) periodic global recession
3) reduced foreign aid
4) easy access to bank credit
5) excessive borrowing high interest rates
6) decline in cash crops
what are the qualifications for SAPS?
1) privatize the economy
2) eliminate subsidies
3) devalue currencies
4) downsize the government
who are the major creditors?
1) International Monetary Fund - IMF
2) World Bank
3) SAPS
what are the criticisms against SAPS?
too stringent
too severe
what were the 4 reasons for public enterprise?
1) to provide needed services
2) to provide employment
3) to prevent monopoly
4) to protect basic industries from bankruptcy
what is the G8, and what has been their role?
a meeting of the 8 most industrialized nations in the world - the talk a lot about debt relief
what’s the percentage of US aid to Egypt?
63%
what are the reasons for US aid?
humanitarian,
moral,
political,
strategic
what’s the new policy of aid that the US has with Africa?
trade,
investment,
agriculture
what causes African food shortages?
1) nature - drought is the leading cause in the Horn of Africa
2) Poverty
3) artificial disasters - such as war
what causes rural-urban migration (a to b)?
1) economic
2) cultural
3) political
4) environmental reasons
what is a primate city?
a prime, or leading city
a prime, or leading city is called:
a primate city
what are the largest cities in Africa?
Cairo (NA)
Johannesburg (SA)
Cairo and Johannesburg are what?
the two largest cities in Africa
Mozambique changed it’s capital city name from:
Lorenco Marques to Maputo
Zimbabwe changed it’s capital city name from:
Salisbury to Harare
Chad changed it’s capital city name from:
Fort Lamy to N’Djamena
Gambia changed it’s capital city name from:
Bathurst to Banjul
Bathurst to Banjul - city name changed in
Gambia
Fort Lamy to N’Djamena - city name changed in
Chad
Salisbury to Harare - city name changed in
Zimbabwe
Lorenco Marques to Maputo - city name change in
Mozambique
Morocco relocated it’s capital from
Casablanca to Rabat
Cameroun relocated it’s capital from
Douala to Yaoundé
Tanzania relocated it’s capital from
Dar Es Salaam to Dodoma
Nigeria relocated it’s capital from
Lagos to Abuja
Ivory Coast relocated it’s capital from
Abidjan to Yamoussoukro
Abidjan to Yamoussoukro - relocation happend in
Ivory Coast
Lagos to Abuja - relocation happend in
Nigeria
Dar Es Salaam to Dodoma - relocation happened in
Tanzania
Douala to Yaoundé - relocation happened in
Cameroun
Casablanca to Rabat - relocation happened in
Morocco
what is the informal economy based on?
self-employment
this is based on self-employment -
informal economy
what are China’s investments in Africa?
1) China build a railroad in the 1970s called the Tanzam or Tazara lin
2) infrastructure
