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Africa > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

which economies are poor in Africa? and why?

A

Sahel Horn - due to drought and war

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2
Q

what were the earliest economies in Africa based on?

A

hunting,
fishing,
food gathering

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3
Q

other names for subsistence agriculture?

A
  • shifting agriculture/cultivation,
  • land rotation
  • bush fallow method - based on the slash and burn technique
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4
Q

Which country produces the most gold and diamonds? How much?

A

South Africa

- it produces half of the income of Africa’s mineral mining

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5
Q

What is the biggest producer of Gold?

A

South Africa is the world’s biggest producer of gold.

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6
Q

Africa produces what percentage of the world’s gold supply?

A

over 75%

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7
Q

Which countries produce gold?

A

South Africa,
Zimbabwe,
Ghana,
Democratic Republic of Congo

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8
Q

Africa virtually produces the world’s supply of what?

A

gems and industrial diamonds

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9
Q

iron ore is found where?

A

all parts of Africa

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10
Q

what countries are the major producers of diamonds in Africa?

A

South Africa,
Botswana,
Republic of Congo

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11
Q

What were the universities and colleges in the colonial era? How many?

A

5

  • Fourah Bay College in Sierra Leone (Britain)
  • The University of Algiers in 1879 (France)
  • The State University at Elizabethville in Democratic Republic of Congo (Belgium)
  • The University of Makerere in Uganda (Britain)
  • The University of Science and Technology in Ghana
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12
Q

What have Africans achieved on their own in regard to education?

A

1) In 1976 Nigeria introduced universal primary education
2) In South Africa, the new government promised 10 years of free education to all South Africans
3) African nations have also made progress in Africanizing the teaching personnel and curriculum
4) After independence, each African country, even the poorest ones, established their own institutions of higher learning

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13
Q

what is the most industrialized nation in Africa?

A

South Africa

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14
Q

What is the most industrially advanced nation in North Africa?

A

Egypt

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15
Q

What types of industries are there in West Africa?

A

traditional and modern

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16
Q

traditional and modern industries are found where?

A

West Africa

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17
Q

the traditional industry is found in which part of Africa, and includes what?

A

West Africa,

1) pottery/ceramics
2) basket weaving
3) carving

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18
Q

Which nations in West Africa are making industrial progress?

A

Nigeria,
Ghana,
the Ivory Coast

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19
Q

the modern industries are found where, and include what?

A

West Africa,

- assembly plants

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20
Q

these Central African mineral producers are developing faster:

A

Cameroun,
Congo,
Gabon

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21
Q

what is the most economically advanced nation in East Africa?

A

Kenya

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22
Q

what is the major industry in East Africa, and where?

A

Kenya - tourism

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23
Q

what are some other industries found in East Africa?

A

coffee,
cotton,
sisal

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24
Q

What nations are making progress in Southern Africa?

A

Botswana,
Zimbabwe,
South Africa

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25
Q

South Africa primarily produces what?

A

minerals

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26
Q

in general, African industries are what type of industries?

A

primary

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27
Q

the Aswan High Dam is built where?

A

the River Nile, Egypt

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28
Q

The Kariba Dam is built where?

A

on the Zambezi, East Africa

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29
Q

the Cahorra Bassa Dam is where?

A

Mozambique

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30
Q

Kainji Dam - where?

A

Nigeria

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31
Q

This Dam is in Nigeria?

A

Kainji Dam

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32
Q

the dam in Mozambique?

A

Cahorra Bassa Dam

33
Q

the Volta Dam is where?

A

Ghana

34
Q

the dam in ghana?

A

Volta Dam

35
Q

the dam the Zambezi?

A

Kariba Dam - east afrcia

36
Q

the Cahorra Bassa Dam powers which country?

A

South Africa

37
Q

South Africa is powered by this Dam?

A

Cahorra Bassa

38
Q

what 5 areas has the internet impacted Africa?

A

1) attract investment
2) promote tourism
3) improve healthcare - through healthnet
4) expand educational opportunities - e.g. African Virtual university
5) enhance communication

39
Q

what 3 things cause deforestation?

A

1) clearing land for shifting cultivation
2) lumbering
3) cutting trees to use for fuelwood

40
Q

what 2 things cause desertification?

A

1) overgrazing

2) drought

41
Q

what causes soil erosion?

A

deforestation

42
Q

deforestation is the main cause of:

A

soil erosion

43
Q

these countries get money from wildlife tourism:

A 
Zimbabwe,
Kenya,
Botswana,
Tanzania,
South Africa
44
Q

what 6 things cause the debt crisis?

A

1) oil price hikes
2) periodic global recession
3) reduced foreign aid
4) easy access to bank credit
5) excessive borrowing high interest rates
6) decline in cash crops

45
Q

what are the qualifications for SAPS?

A

1) privatize the economy
2) eliminate subsidies
3) devalue currencies
4) downsize the government

46
Q

who are the major creditors?

A

1) International Monetary Fund - IMF
2) World Bank
3) SAPS

47
Q

what are the criticisms against SAPS?

A

too stringent

too severe

48
Q

what were the 4 reasons for public enterprise?

A

1) to provide needed services
2) to provide employment
3) to prevent monopoly
4) to protect basic industries from bankruptcy

49
Q

what is the G8, and what has been their role?

A

a meeting of the 8 most industrialized nations in the world - the talk a lot about debt relief

50
Q

what’s the percentage of US aid to Egypt?

A

63%

51
Q

what are the reasons for US aid?

A

humanitarian,
moral,
political,
strategic

52
Q

what’s the new policy of aid that the US has with Africa?

A

trade,
investment,
agriculture

53
Q

what causes African food shortages?

A

1) nature - drought is the leading cause in the Horn of Africa
2) Poverty
3) artificial disasters - such as war

54
Q

what causes rural-urban migration (a to b)?

A

1) economic
2) cultural
3) political
4) environmental reasons

55
Q

what is a primate city?

A

a prime, or leading city

56
Q

a prime, or leading city is called:

A

a primate city

57
Q

what are the largest cities in Africa?

A

Cairo (NA)

Johannesburg (SA)

58
Q

Cairo and Johannesburg are what?

A

the two largest cities in Africa

59
Q

Mozambique changed it’s capital city name from:

A

Lorenco Marques to Maputo

60
Q

Zimbabwe changed it’s capital city name from:

A

Salisbury to Harare

61
Q

Chad changed it’s capital city name from:

A

Fort Lamy to N’Djamena

62
Q

Gambia changed it’s capital city name from:

A

Bathurst to Banjul

63
Q

Bathurst to Banjul - city name changed in

A

Gambia

64
Q

Fort Lamy to N’Djamena - city name changed in

A

Chad

65
Q

Salisbury to Harare - city name changed in

A

Zimbabwe

66
Q

Lorenco Marques to Maputo - city name change in

A

Mozambique

67
Q

Morocco relocated it’s capital from

A

Casablanca to Rabat

68
Q

Cameroun relocated it’s capital from

A

Douala to Yaoundé

69
Q

Tanzania relocated it’s capital from

A

Dar Es Salaam to Dodoma

70
Q

Nigeria relocated it’s capital from

A

Lagos to Abuja

71
Q

Ivory Coast relocated it’s capital from

A

Abidjan to Yamoussoukro

72
Q

Abidjan to Yamoussoukro - relocation happend in

A

Ivory Coast

73
Q

Lagos to Abuja - relocation happend in

A

Nigeria

74
Q

Dar Es Salaam to Dodoma - relocation happened in

A

Tanzania

75
Q

Douala to Yaoundé - relocation happened in

A

Cameroun

76
Q

Casablanca to Rabat - relocation happened in

A

Morocco

77
Q

what is the informal economy based on?

A

self-employment

78
Q

this is based on self-employment -

A

informal economy

79
Q

what are China’s investments in Africa?

A

1) China build a railroad in the 1970s called the Tanzam or Tazara lin
2) infrastructure

Africa (5 decks)

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