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Africa > Exam 2 Prep - History Of Africa > Flashcards

Exam 2 Prep - History Of Africa Flashcards

1
Q

When did Islam come into Africa?

A

7th century AD. When Arabs conquered the area

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2
Q

What are the Leakeys?

A

archaeological evidence discovered in Africa about earlier forms human beings

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3
Q

What were the 3 major accomplishments of the Egyptians? When?

A

a highley centralized and beaurocratic government, tool-Making technology, the Pyramids, Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom

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4
Q

What were the other names Nubia had?

A
  • Ta Seti, Yam or Wawat - to the Egyptians
  • Meroe -capital city for 1000 years
  • Aethiopia -known to the Greeks and Romans
  • Abysinia
  • Kush
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5
Q

describe Axum’s geographic location

A

It was nurtured, protected/safeguarded by high mountains and deserts

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6
Q

the first W. Sudanese empire to emerge?

A

Ghana

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7
Q

Who destroyed the ancient Ghana empire?

A

the Almoravids

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8
Q

When was ancient Ghana’s capital city destroyed?

A

1076 - by the Almoravids

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9
Q

When did ancient Ghana become famous?

A

10th century AD

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10
Q

Who founded ancient Mali?

A

Sundiata

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11
Q

Who was Mansa Musa?

A

the person who made the ancient Mali empire famous

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12
Q

What did Mansa Musa do?

A
  • ruled during the “Golden Era”
  • went on a pilgrimage which made Mali popular and advertised its wealth
  • greatest accomplishment was establishing 2 universities
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13
Q

Who ruled the ancient empire of Songhai?

A

Askia Mohammed

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14
Q

Who destroyed the empire of Songhai?

A

Morrocan Army in 1951

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15
Q

Who was the dynasty of Kanem-Borno?

A

Saifawa dynasty

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16
Q

Describe the relationship between the Ashanti Kingdom and the Akan states

A

The Ashanti Kingdom was the most powerful of the Akan states

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17
Q

What did the Benign empire become famous for?

A

it’s sculpture of bronze

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18
Q

Which empire became famous for it’s sculpture of bronze?

A

Benign empire

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19
Q

What was unique about the military of Dahomey?

A

The Amazons - a regiment of fierce women warriors who were the backbone of the milirary

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20
Q

The Amazons were part of which empire?

A

Dahomey

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21
Q

What does Zimbabwe mean?

A

“House of Stones”

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22
Q

What word means “House of Stones”?

A

Zimbabwe

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23
Q

Alfonso I was know for what?

A

being a king of the Kongo kingdom and having a relationship with the Portuguese

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24
Q

Which Kongo kingdom king had a relationship with the Portuguese?

A

Alfonso I

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25
Q

The monarch of Rwanda went by what title?

A

Mwami

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26
Q

What is Mwami?

A

The title the monarch of Rwanda went by

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27
Q

How did East Africa differ from the rest of the continent?

A

It didn’t have empires or kingdoms. Instead it developed a series of coastal civilizations.

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28
Q

Which part of Africa had a series of coastal civilizations?

A

East Africa

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29
Q

What were stateless societies?

A

societies without centralized government, equality for all citizens, and no chiefs or kings

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30
Q

societies without centralized government, equality for all citizens, and no chiefs or kings - what were these societies called?

A

stateless societies

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31
Q

list some stateless societies

A

Berbers, Pygmies, Ibo, Amba, Namib

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32
Q

Berbers, Pygmies, Ibo, Amba, Namib - these are all a part of what type of society?

A

stateless society

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33
Q

When did the Europeans arrive in South Saharent Africa?

A

1415

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34
Q

What happened in 1415?

A

the Europeans arrived in Soft Saharent Africa - specifically the Portuguese

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35
Q

In 1652, what were Dutch called?

A

the Boers

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36
Q

Who were the Boers?

A

the Dutch that arrived in 1652

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37
Q

Who was the Dominant Colonial power?

A

Britain

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38
Q

How did Britain rank compared to other colonial powers?

A

It was the most dominant

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39
Q

Who founded the Zulu Kingdom?

A

Shaka

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40
Q

When was the Zulu Kingdom founded?

A

1818

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41
Q

What kingdom did Shaka found?

A

the Zulu kingdom

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42
Q

Which kingdoms, excluding the Zulu, were in S. Africa?

A

the Swazi kingdom of Sobhuza

the Sotho kingdom of Prince Moshoeshoe

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43
Q

The Swazi and Sotho kingdoms emerged where?

A

Southern Africa

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44
Q

Who were the European missionaries in S. Africa?

A

Prester John

Dr. David Livingstone, who discovered Victoria Falls

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45
Q

Who discovered Victoria Falls?

A

Dr. David Livingstone

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46
Q

Who went missing in Africa?

A

A missionary named Prester John

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47
Q

When did the Conference of Berlin happen?

A

1884-85

48
Q

What significant event happened in 1884-85?

A

The conference of Berlin

49
Q

What is Indirect Rule?

A

A method the British used to govern colonial policy through traditional rulers

50
Q

A British policy used to to govern African colonial societies - what’s this called?

A

Indirect Rule

51
Q

What is the opposite of Indirect Rule?

A

Assimilation

52
Q

Assimilation is the opposite of what?

A

Indirect rule

53
Q

What is assimilation?

A

A french policy that relied on white frenchmen to teach and model french culture to African pupils

54
Q

The French tried to convert Africans into French civilizations by the use of which policy?

A

Assimilation

55
Q

How many trading zones were set-up by the Europeans in Africa?

A

4

56
Q

Who set up trading zones in Africa, and how many were there?

A

Europeans, 4

57
Q

What names have been associated to the slave trade?

A

“The Triangular Trade”, “Middle Passage”, “middlemen”?

58
Q

The “Triangular Trade” is also known as as

A

The Slave Trade

59
Q

How many routes were used in the Slave Trade?

A

4

60
Q

When did the Slave Trade get underway?

A

16th Century

61
Q

A departure point of African slaves

A

Gorée Island

62
Q

What significance does Gorée Island hold?

A

It was a very active departure point for African slaves

63
Q

Where were the African slave departure points?

A

from Senegal to South Eastern Africa

64
Q

What happened from Senegal to South Eastern Africa?

A

Africans were being departed for slavery

65
Q

What was the “middle passage”?

A

A route used to transport slaves

66
Q

What were Africa’s reason to justify slavery?

A
  • It made widespread use of slaves for domestic and military service -this made it easier to export people considered redundant
  • to boost revenue - large empire
  • slaves were not dehumanized in Africa (only in America), but were given rights and protections - it was assumed that the Americas had something similar
  • Africans were well developed in agriculture and livestock, which made them desirable
67
Q

What was America’s reason to justify slavery?

A

Supposedly Americans were going to convert their slaves to Christianity

68
Q

Where and when did the first anti-slavery movement emerge?

A

Pennsylvania, 1775

69
Q

What happened in Pennsylvania in 1775

A

The first anti-slavery movement emerged

70
Q

When was slavery finally abolished?

A

After the civil war, 1864, by the 13th amendment

71
Q

In the year 1864, what happened in the US?

A

Slavery was abolished

72
Q

What is the relationship between Liberia and the US history?

A

Liberia was founded by the American Colonization Society (ACS) in 1822 to resettle freed slaves from the US

73
Q

What does ACS stand for and what significance does it have?

A

American Colonization Society, and it founded Liberia in 1822, to resettle freed slaves from the US

74
Q

What happened in 1822?

A

Liberia was founded by the American Colonization Society (ACS)

75
Q

Why was Liberia founded?

A

To serve as a place freed slaves from the US could resettle

76
Q

Aside from Liberia, where else were freed slaves sent to?

A

Sierra Leone - founded by England

Gabon - became a haven for freed slaves by the French

77
Q

Sierra Leone was founded by which country for freed slaves?

A

England

78
Q

Gabon became a haven for freed slaves thanks to which country?

A

France

79
Q

England founded _______ to serve as a place to send freed slaves to

A

Sierra Leone

80
Q

France sent freed slaves to ______

A

Gabon

81
Q

Ghana became independent in what year?

A

1957

82
Q

Which country became independent in 1957?

A

Ghana

83
Q

The French colonies became independent in what year?

A

1960

84
Q

The Francophone states or colonies became independent in what year?

A

1960

85
Q

Agola became independent in what year?

A

1975

86
Q

Zimbabwe became independent in what year?

A

1980

87
Q

Namibia became independent in what year?

A

1990

88
Q

South Africa became independent in what year?

A

1994

89
Q

Which country became independent in 1994?

A

South Africa

90
Q

Which country gained independence in 1990?

A

Namibia

91
Q

Which country became independent in 1980?

A

Zimbabwe

92
Q

Which country became independent in 1975?

A

Agola

93
Q

What time span of dates of independence, for certain counties, are you suppose to know?

A

1957-1995

94
Q

The first country to gain independence?

A

Ghana, 1957

95
Q

What was the most recent African state to gain independence?

A

South Africa, 1994

96
Q

Which countries created places for freed slaves to be sent to?

A

US, England, France

97
Q

The 3 Stone Ages are…

A

Early, Middle, Late

98
Q

In which Stone Age did people become skilled in hunting and gathering?

A

Late Stone Age

99
Q

The Late Stone Age is know for what?

A

Being the time period in which people began to become skilled hunters and gatherers

100
Q

What did archaeologists discover in Africa?

A

“Leakeys”

101
Q

What is “Leakeys”?

A

archaeological evidence discovered in Africa about earlier forms human beings

102
Q

What were the earlier forms of human beings called?

A

Homo-Africanus

103
Q

Who were the Homo-Africanus?

A

The earlier forms of human beings

104
Q

What significance does the Rift Valley hold?

A

It contains the Olduvai gorge - where human life probably started

105
Q

What significance does the Olduvai gorge have?

A

in all probability, this is where human life began

106
Q

Which famous group of people settled in Africa in 814 BC?

A

the Phoenicians

107
Q

The Phoenicians settled into Africa when?

A

814 BC

108
Q

The Phoenicians were from where?

A

the Middle East

109
Q

What happened when Cleopatra died?

A

Greek and Hellenistic culture died

110
Q

Cyrenaica was a famous settlement of the….

A

Greeks

111
Q

Cyrenaica was established in what year?

A

631 BC

112
Q

Which group of people introduced Christianity to North Africa?

A

The Greeks

113
Q

The Greeks introduced what religion to North Africa?

A

Christianity

114
Q

The Saifawa was the dynasty of which kingdom?

A

Kanem-Borno

115
Q

Aflonso ruled which kingdom?

A

Kongo

116
Q

What year was the Songhai Empire destroyed?

A

1951

117
Q

Exhibitions are where?

A

Boston, Chicago, Pennsylvania, Toronto

Africa (5 decks)

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