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Domestic Animal Anatomy > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

cranial n. I

A

olfactory n

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2
Q

cranial n. I innervation

A

SENSORY from olfactory epithelium

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3
Q

cranial n. I passes through….

A

cribriform plate

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4
Q

cranial n. I test for

A

Smell test, cotton ball with alcohol

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5
Q

cranial n. II

A

optic n.

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6
Q

cranial n. II innervation

A

SENSORY from retina

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7
Q

cranial n. II passes through the…

A

optic canal

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8
Q

cranial n. II test for

A

menace response; obstacle course, quietly roll a ball across visual field, pupillary light reflex

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9
Q

cranial n. III

A

oculomotor n.

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10
Q

cranial n. III innervation

A

movement of the eye
parasympathetic: constriction of the pupil

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11
Q

cranial n. III passes through…

A

orbital fissure

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12
Q

cranial n. III test for

A

dorsal, ventral, and medial movement of the pupil in the head (tracking)

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13
Q

cranial n. IV

A

trochlear n

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14
Q

cranial n. IV innervation

A

MOTOR; movement of eye socket

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15
Q

cranial n. IV passes through…

A

orbital fissure

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16
Q

cranial n. IV test for

A

eye movement in socket

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17
Q

cranial n. V

A

trigeminal n.
ophthalmic br.
maxillary br.
mandibular br.

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18
Q

ophthalmic br. innervation

A

SENSORY from eyelids, cornea, caudal nasal cavity

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19
Q

ophthalmic br. passes through…

A

orbital fissure

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20
Q

ophthalmic br. test for

A

touching cornea to blink

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21
Q

maxillary br. innervation

A

SENSORY from the upper lip, nasal mucosa, lateral aspect of palpebrae

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22
Q

mandibular br. innervation

A

SENSORY from lower jaw, tongue, and auriculotemporal area and motor to muscles of mastication

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23
Q

mandibular br. test for

A

sensation to lower jaw/lip or auriculotemporal area, look for neurogenic atrophy to muscles of mastication

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24
Q

mandibular br. passes through…

A

oval foramen

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25
Q

maxillary br. passes through…

A

round foramen and rostral alar foramen

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26
Q

maxillary br. test for

A

palpebral reflex, lateral canthus; test sensation to upper lip/nasal mucosa

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27
Q

cranial n. VI

A

abducens

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28
Q

cranial n. VI innervation

A

MOTOR to retractor bulbi m. and lateral rectus m.

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29
Q

cranial n. VI passes through…

A

orbital fissure

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30
Q

cranial n. VI test for

A

lateral movement of the eye in the head for medial strabismus in a lesioned animal

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31
Q

cranial n. VII

A

facial n.

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32
Q

cranial n. VII innervation

A

MOTOR to muscles of facial expression
SENSORY from the rostral 2/3 of the tongue
PARASYMPATHETIC to salivary and lacrimal gl

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33
Q

cranial n. VII passes through…

A

stylomastoid foramen and internal acoustic meatus

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34
Q

cranial n. VIII

A

vestibulocochlear

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35
Q

cranial n. VIII innervation

A

SENSORY for hearing and balance

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36
Q

cranial n. VIII passes through…

A

internal acoustic meatus

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37
Q

cranial n. VIII test for

A

hearing, clapping

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38
Q

cranial n. VII test for

A

facial symmetry

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39
Q

cranial n. IX

A

glossopharyngeal

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40
Q

cranial n. IX innervation

A

SENSORY from the tongue and pharyngeal mucosa
MOTOR to the pharynx
PARASYMPATHETIC to parotid and mucosal gl.

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41
Q

cranial n. IX passes through…

A

jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure

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42
Q

cranial n. IX test for

A

gag reflex, swallowing

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43
Q

cranial n. X

A

vagus n.

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44
Q

cranial n. X innervation

A

Some MOTOR to larynx, pharynx and esophagus
SENSORY to ear canal and epiglottis
PARASYMPATHETIC to parotid and mucosal gl.

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45
Q

cranial n. X passes through…

A

jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure

46
Q

cranial n. X test for

A

increased heart rate, decreased gut sounds

47
Q

cranial n. XI

A

spinal accessory

48
Q

cranial n. XI innervation

A

MOTOR to trapezius, omotransversarius, sternocephalicus and cleidocephalicus
MOTOR to larynx

49
Q

cranial n. XI passes through…

A

jugular foramen and tympanooccipital fissure

50
Q

cranial n. XI test for

A

neurogenic atrophy of these muscles with a lesion

51
Q

cranial n. XII

A

hypoglossal n.

52
Q

cranial n. XII innervation

A

MOTOR to extrinsic and intrinsic mm. of the tongue

53
Q

cranial n. XII passes through…

A

hypoglossal canal

54
Q

cranial n. XII test for

A

tongue tone, tongue neurogenic atrophy, pull on tongue

55
Q

central nervous system

A

brain+spinal cord
contains neurons and axons that carry information beyond the spinal cord

56
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

axons bound together with connective tissue
nerves; clusters of nerves (ganglia)

57
Q

cerebrum

A

area of conscious thought, divided into the cerebra hemispheres

58
Q

gyri

A

protrusions

59
Q

sulci

A

indentations

60
Q

cerebellum

A

area of unconscious motor control; separated from the cerebrum by the transverse fissure

61
Q

brain stem

A

sits at the base of the brain, carries information to and from the spinal cord

62
Q

pia mater

A

thin layer of CT intimately attached to the brain

63
Q

dura mater

A

“tough” mother, thick CT capsule to the brain; may separate into inner and outer layers

64
Q

arachnoid

A

“spider-like” between the pia and dura; web like layer filled with CSF

65
Q

epidural space

A

space between the bony structures and dural mater

66
Q

cisterna magna

A

where the CSF can easily be accessed

67
Q

lumbar cistern

A

used to collect CSF in large animals

68
Q

ventricles

A

where CSF occupies cavities within the nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord

69
Q

afferent information

A

toward the spinal cord

70
Q

efferent information

A

away from the spinal cord

71
Q

the meninge that is most closely associated with the brain tissue

A

pia layer

72
Q

the cerebrum is divided into two halves by the ___

A

longitudinal fissure

73
Q

the area of the brain responsible for unconscious motor control

A

cerebellum

74
Q

which cranial n. is responsible for balance and hearing?

A

VIII

75
Q

which cranial n. is tested by observing the movement of the eye within the socket?

A

III

76
Q

the long spiraling folds of the body of the simple stomach are called ___

A

rugae

77
Q

the serous membrane that lines the organs within the abdominal cavity is the ____

A

visceral peritoneum

78
Q

the glandular part of the bovine stomach is the ___

A

abomasum

79
Q

the cardiac opening of the stomach of the horse is located in the _____ side of the stomach

A

non glandular

80
Q

organs are suspended from the dorsal body wall by the ____

A

mesentery

81
Q

the rumen of the cow takes up the majority of the ____ side of the abdomen

A

left

82
Q

the largest compartment of the compound stomach that has various grooves and sacs is the _____

A

rumen

83
Q

what is the longest section of the canine small intestine?

A

jejunum

84
Q

the ascending colon is located to the ___ of the root of the mesentery

A

right

85
Q

in the equine large intestine, the cecum attaches to the ___ colon at the cecocolic fold

A

right ventral

86
Q

the equine ascending colon’s left dorsal colon is followed aborally by the ___

A

diaphragmatic flexure

87
Q

in the equine ascending colon, the sternal flexure is followed aborally by the ___ colon

A

left ventral colon

88
Q

the bovine ascending colon that passes left to right, terminating at the transverse colon is the ___

A

distal loop

89
Q

the bovine ascending colon that extends from he right to the left side of the abdomen is the ____

A

proximal loop

90
Q

equine ascending colon pathway

A

right ventral colon–>sternal flexure–>left ventral colon–>pelvic flexure–> left dorsal colon–>diaphragmic flexure–> R dorsal colon

91
Q

the ileum opens into the cecum of the horse via the _____

A

ileocecal opening

92
Q

the cecum attaches to the ileum via the ilocecal fold and to the ascending colon via the ____

A

cecocolic fold

93
Q

what are common sites for colic in the large intestine

A

cecocolic opening
pelvic flexure
transition from R dorsal colon to transverse colon

94
Q

the species with fused cortex and medulla of the kidney are:

A

dogs, horses and small ruminants

95
Q

the ___ is located at the cranial pole of each kidney

A

adrenal gland

96
Q

extensions of the renal pelvis to both ends of the kidneys, where urine is collected in addition to the renal crest, are called ___

A

terminal recesses

97
Q

which of the following species has a kidney composed of unfused cortex and unfused medulla

A

bovine

98
Q

the ___ has both the cortex and medulla fused, and there is a renal crest and terminal recesses

A

horse

99
Q

in a species like the ram, the ____ is a modified end of the urethra, which can make it very difficult to catheterize that animal

A

urethral process

100
Q

the layer of serous membrane directly applied to the testis is the _____ vaginal tunic

A

visceral

101
Q

which type of penis has an associated retractor penis muscle?

A

fibroelastic

102
Q

in the cow, the ____ is located on the floor of the vestibule and is a small blind sac sharing the same opening as the external urethral orifice

A

suburethral diverticulum

103
Q

the mesometrium suspends the _____

A

uterus

104
Q

the cremaster muscle is a caudal extension of the ___ muscle

A

internal abdominal oblique

105
Q

pituitary gland

A

located at the base of the brain
responsible for the production/release of regulatory hormones

106
Q

olfactory bulb

A

extension of the olfactory n., carrying out information about smell

107
Q

thalamus

A

round structure
major relay center of the brain, transmitting information to and from the cerebrum

108
Q

hypothalamus

A

major center for directing the autonomic nervous system

109
Q

pons

A

bulged area on the ventrum of the brain stem; relay center for motor functions

110
Q

medulla

A

the part of the brainstem that is continuous with the spinal cord

Domestic Animal Anatomy (5 decks)

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