Exam 2- Small animal Flashcards
the artery that comes directly off the aorta and is the main blood supply to the pelvic limb is the _____
external iliac
the artery found within the femoral triangle is the
femoral
what artery travels down the cranial aspect of the tibia?
cranial tibial
the ____ artery can be palpated in most small animals for a pulse at the dorsal tarsal area
dorsal pedal
blood flow to the pelvic limb comes primarily from two branches of the abdominal aorta: the _____ and _____ arteries
external and internal iliac
the _____ nerve arises proximally from the sciatic nerve and courses distally over the lateral side of the stifle/crus
common peroneal
what nerve innervates the semitendinosus muscle
sciatic
what nerve provides cutaneous innervation to the medial thigh and stifle
femoral
what nerve innervates the major extensors of the stifle?
femoral
which nerve innervates the adductors of the pelvic limb
obturator
which nerve, if damaged, would result in the inability to bear weight on the affected pelvic limb?
femoral
the _____ nerve courses around the proximal part of the femur, between the tuber ischia and the greater trochanter, where it can be damaged with retrograde pinning of a fractured femur
sciatic
the nerve responsible for muscles that extend the hock and/or flex the digits is the ___ nerve
tibial
the nerve that innervates the superficial digital flexor is the ___ nerve
tibial
the flexor surface of the hip is located on the ____ surface of the pelvic limb
cranial
in the digits, the movement of the joints that move the tip of the digits toward the plantar surface is called _____
flexion
the pet is composed of bones from the
digits, metatarsus and tarsus
2 os coxae make a pelvis and are fused ventrally at the ____
pelvic symphysis
the flexor surface of the tarsus is the _____ surface
dorsal
the two os coxae are fused ventrally at the _______
pelvic symphysis
the patellar surface of the femur is at the ____ surface
cranial
normally, the digits present in the pelvic limb are
II-V
the extensor surface of the digits is the ____ surface
dorsal
a muscle which flexes the digits will cause which action on the tarsus?
extension
the middle and deep gluteal muscles insert on the _______
greater trochanter
in the dog, there are ____ tendons of insertion of muscles that contribute to the common calcaneal tendon
5
which of the following is the point of origin for the long digital extensor muscle of the hindlimb?
distal femur
the superficial digital flexor of the pelvic limb will ___ the tarsus and ___ the digits
extend; flex
the middle and deep gluteal muscles insert on the _____
greater trochanter
the vastus laterals muscle inserts distally on the ______
tibial tuberosity
of the hip flexor muscles the _____ inserts on the fascia lata
tensor fasciae latae
a muscle that flexes the hip and both flexes and extends the stifle is:
biceps femoris
what is the muscle that extends the stifle
rectus femoris
biceps femoris attachment
sacrotuberous ligament and ischiatic tuberosity
fascia lata and crural fascia to the patella, patellar ligament, cranial border of tibia, tuber calcanei
biceps femoris action
extend the hip, stifle, and hock
caudal part flexes the stifle
semitendinosus attachments
ischiatic tuberosity to tibia, tuber calcanei by means of the crural fascia
semitendinosus action
extend the hip, flex the stifle, extend the hock
semimembranosus attachments
ischiatic tuberosity to the distal femur and proximal tibia
semimembranosus action
extend the hip, the part that attaches to the femur extends the stifle, and the part that attaches to the tibia flexes/extends the stifle
sartorius attachments
ilium and thoracolumbar fascia
Caudal part: ilium to the cranial border of the tib
Cranial part: patella
sartorius actions
flex the hip
Cranial part: extends the stifle
Caudal part: flexes the stifle
gracilis attachments
pelvic symphysis to cranial border of the tibia. tuber calcanei
gracilis actions
adduct the limb, flex the stifle, and extend the hip and hock
pectineus attachments
pubis to distal femur
pectineus actions
to adduct the limb
adductor attachments
pelvic symphysis and ventral pubis to the lateral femur
adductor actions
adduct the limb and extend the hip
tensor fascia latae attachments
tuber coxae, aponeurosis of the middle gluteal m. to the lateral femoral fascia
superficial gluteal attachments
sacrotuberous ligament; ilium to the 3rd trochanter
superficial gluteal action
extend the hip and abduct the limb
middle gluteal attachments
ilium to greater trochanter
middle gluteal action
extend and abduct the hip, rotate the pelvic limb medially
deep gluteal attachments
body of the ilium
deep gluteal action
extend and abduct the hip and rotate the pelvic limb medially
quadriceps femoris attachments
rectus femoris (ilium), vasti muscles (proximal part of the femur) to the tibial tuberosity by way of the patella/patellar ligament
quadriceps femoris action
extend the stifle and flex the hip
iliopsoas attachments
lumbar vertebrae and cranioventral ilium to lesser trochanter
iliopsoas action
major flexor of the hip
cranial tibial attachments
extensor groove; lateral edge of the cranial tibial border to the plantar surface of the base of MT I and II
cranial tibial action
flex the tarsus and supination
long digital extensor attachments
extensor fossa of the femur to the extensor process of the distal phalanges of digits II, III and IV
long digital extensor action
extend the digits and flex the tarsus
fibularis (peroneus) longus attachments
lateral condyle of the tibia, the proximal end of the fibula, and lateral epicondyles of the femur to the tarsal bone, plantar aspect of the bone of the MT
fibularis (peroneus) longus action
flex the tarsus and pronation
gastrocnemius attachments
distal-caudal femur to tuber calcanei
gastrocnemius action
extend the tarsus and flex the stifle
superficial digital flexor attachment
distal femur to tuber calcanei and the bases of the middle phalanges of digits IV and V
superficial digital flexor action
flex the digits, flex the stifle, extend the tarsus
deep digital flexor attachments
plantar tibia, proximal fibula to the plantar surface of the base of each of the distal phalanges
deep digital flexor action
flex the digits and extend the tarsus
popliteus attachments
lateral condyle of the femur to the proximal caudal tibia
popliteus action
pronation
which muscles make up the common calcaneal tendon?
gastrocnemius tendon
superficial digital flexor tendon
semitendinosus tendon
biceps femoris tenndon
gracilis tendon
what muscles does the sciatic n. innervate?
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
*the thigh muscles
what muscles does the obturator n. innervate?
gracilis
pectineus
adductor
*medial muscles of the thigh
what muscles does the common fibular n. innervate?
cranial tibial
long digital extensor
fibularis (peroneus) longus
lateral digital extensor
*craniolateral leg muscles
what muscles does the tibial n. innervate?
gastrocnemius
superficial digital flexor
deep digital flexor
popliteus
*caudal muscles of the leg
what muscles does the femoral n. innervate?
sartorius
Iliopsoas
quadriceps femoris
what muscles does the tibial n. innervate?
gastronem
