Exam 4 Flashcards
Mass mobilization reduced inequality
Expansion of military participation
Better pay and an increase of citizenship
Redistributive measures
Athens in the 4th and 5th centuries
Between Rome and Carthage
Second Punic War
Rome drafted 50-75% of men
Second Punic War
Majority of slaves that were conscripted in Rome came from wealthy commoners rather than the elite class
Second Punic War
Hannibal started it
Second Punic War
Rome Won
Second Punic War
Led to the democratization of weapons
Iron weaponry
Increased the importance of foot soldiers
Iron weaponry
elites going after each other
didn’t result in much gain for either side
Geng Zhan Zhi Shi
Farmers and soldiers were the same
Bloodiest conflict in history up to that point
Taiping Rebellion
Rebellion against the Qing state
Taiping Rebellion
Rebellion where they wanted to establish equality with shared property
Taiping Rebellion
Religiously motivated- tried to combine Chinese traditions and Christianity
Taiping Rebellion
1850-1864 CE
Taiping Rebellion
73-71 BCE
Spartacus Rebellion
Slave Rebellion
Spartacus Rebellion
Didn’t want economic leveling, wanted to be at the top
Spartacus Rebellion
Crushed and the rebels were crucified
Spartacus Rebellion
Were rebellions able to achieve their goals or be transformative?
NO
Were revolts more urban or rural
Urban
Did revolts achieve economic leveling
NO
Super violent - especially in backlash from elite
Late medieval uprisings
Only lasted 2 weeks (revolts)
Jacquerie
Backlash from elites resulted in peasant massacres (revolts)
Jacquerie
Wanted to preserve income gains and resist feudalism (revolts)
German Peasants War
One example was the revolt in Flanders in 1323-1328
Tax revolts
Had basically no effect on the distribution of wealth (revolts)
Tax revolts
Two handles
Punishment, reward
Military leader of Athens
cognitive elements of the military to be praised
Pericles
A bit of a suck up
Aurelius
The way to water
laws or precepts that should be followed
Sharia
Teachings of the prophet
Scripture
Quran
Stories of Muhammad’s life
Analyzed to demonstrate how the Quran teachings are to be lived
Hadith’s
Commonly implemented through the enforcement or state policy of land redistribution, leaders commonly idealized the redistribution of land.
Mass Mobilization
Considered when countries have 2% of the population in military operations
Mass mobilization is considered
Elite infighting which led to higher wages among soldiers.
In the first Civil wars many elites were killed off concentrating the wealth further.
Roman Civil war
palatial period ends in system collapse. House of Lefkandi largest structure post-palatial period demonstrates the diminution of wealth.
Greece
military power was related to citizenship, more citizens more soldiers
Greece
Spartan militaristic society idealized community although they had a slave class known as helots.
Greece
divided into two countries with wealth located more commonly in the south, northern region demonstrates wealth decrease.
Egypt collapse
Hittites disappear, as do many others.
Hittite
In 1200 BCE there was a system collapse in the Near East around 1200 BCE
Elam
n 752 Li Linfu died and Yang Guozhong took control and wanted to get rid of An Lushan. An Lushan decided to rebel. In 756 he declared himself emperor and continued to lead the An Lushan Rebellion.
The Tang Dynasty
There was much violence that targeted the elites and occured between the 880s and 920s. The violence towards the elites partially because they found ways to not pay taxes. The violence caused them to move away to either Chang’am or Luoyang.
The Tang Dynasty
Frankish king
united most of Europe
Restored western roman empire and became its first emperor
Charlemagne
- First king of the franks to unite all of the frankish tribes under one ruler
- ensured that kingship was passed down to his heirs
Clovis
- First Roman emperor to convert to Christianity
Constantine
Prolific writer whose works were influential in the medieval period
Bishop of Rome
Pope Gregory
Arose from the Roman Empire but has no real building or center capital
Eastern Christianity
It used to be that the church of Hagia Sophia represented the center of the Orthodox church, but the Ottomans took over and turned it into a mosque with a new name.
Eastern Christianity
The Vatican is its center and is considered to be the most significant and powerful divisions of Christianity in the world.
Western Christianity
The Pope of Rome and Kings of England fought over power and lead to there being a checks and balances of appointing and ordaining bishops of the church
Western Christianity
The contention between the two churches grew to a point where both were excommunicating the leaders of the other church
The Great Schism
City on the Andean highlands, laid out somewhat like an island.
Tiwanaku
Elites weathered the political storm providing cultural and institutional continuity in the north, south suffered with 85% contraction of populace
Chichen Itza
Center of large polity having control over satellite polities, characterized by dignitary visits, tribute, shared rituals, and intermarriage.
Tikal
Collapsed due to the significant disruptions of the Mayan civilizations around 830 CE
Tikal
Britain showed signs of lowering income inequality through the decrease in median house sizes.
Fall of Roman Empire
The elites of Italy lost their wealth due to the empire losing control of the surrounding regions
Fall of Roman Empire
Physical indicators like height and dental and bone lesions indicate that ordinary people were in better shape after the fall of the western Roman Empire
The skeletal remains in the Roman Empire
