Exam 4

Question 1

biodiversity hotspots

Answer 1

specific areas around the globe with especially high concentrations of endemic species that have experienced significant habitat loss

Question 2

how have human activities led to the loss of biodiversity

Answer 2

CLIMATE CHANGE, farming, ranching, resource extraction, and human settlement

Question 3

in situ conservation

Answer 3

conservation that happens inside a plants natural habitat

Question 4

ex situ conservation

Answer 4

conservation that happens outside a plants natural habitat

Question 5

benefits of biodiversity

Answer 5

intact forests provide clean air and buffer hydrologic systems against flooding and drought
native crop varieties provide insurance against disease and drought
abundant wildlife can attract tourists and boost the economies of developing nations
provide food, fuel, fiber, and shelter

Question 6

herb

Answer 6

can be any form of a plant or plant product, including leaves, stems, flowers, roots, and seeds

Question 7

herbal products

Answer 7

complex mixtures of organic chemicals that may come from any raw or processed part of the plant, including leaves, stems, flowers, roots, and seeds

Question 8

how are herbs classified under current law

Answer 8

dietary supplements : anything that supplements the diet

Question 9

aristolochia fangchi

Answer 9

chinese herbal product for weight loss, 43 patients developed end-stage renal failure

Question 10

johns wart

Answer 10

interferes with numerous drugs metabolized by the cytochrome

Question 11

ephedra

Answer 11

banned by the fda on april 12 2004: cause of nausea and palpitations

Question 12

ways to ensure safe practices of herbal remedies

Answer 12

requiring manufacturers to register with the fda, mandating safety tests, accurate product labels

Question 13

government organizations involved with food safety and production

Answer 13

FDA, USDA, CDC, FSIS

Question 14

labeling regulations for genetically engineered crops

Answer 14

FDA requires labeling of GM foods only if the food has a safety property significantly different from what consumers would expect from the food.

Question 15

organic product requirements

Answer 15

produced without excluded methods, ionizing radiation, or sewage sludge

Question 16

alien species

Answer 16

any species, including its seeds, eggs, spores, or other biological material capable or propagating that species, that is not native to that ecosystem.

Question 17

invasive species

Answer 17

an alien species who’s introduction does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health

Question 18

disparity of profit between coffee producers and roasters

Answer 18

coffee farmers received less than 1% of the price of a cup of coffee sold. in 1989 brazil and the us ended their membership with the ICA collapsing the market

Question 19

3 core principals of fair trade

Answer 19

social, environmental, and economic

Question 20

free trade

Answer 20

emphasizes the reduction in barriers between countries and the elimination of preferential policies

Question 21

fair trade

Answer 21

focuses on the wages and working conditions of labor in developing markets, fights to increase the wage rates of workers and improve working conditions

Question 22

how are biomes classified

Answer 22

largest terrestrial divisions of the biosphere, climax communities for huge regions of land and are recognized by distinct vegetation and animal life

Question 23

xerophytes

Answer 23

plants that have evolved adaptations to survive the xeric (dry) conditions of the desert

Question 24

how have grasslands supported human needs

Answer 24

houses farmland, cattle, and resources. rhizomes allow the grass to quickly grow back in one to two days

Question 25

tundra biome

Answer 25

polar grassland that is the northernmost biome bordering the ice caps. the solid is thin and nutrient poor, the rest is permafrost (partially frozen)

Question 26

coniferous forest biome

Answer 26

found in north america in the pacific northwest, the winters are mild and the summers are cool

Question 27

deciduous forest

Answer 27

found in the eastern half of the united states

Question 28

deciduous

Answer 28

to shed, refers to the fact that the trees shed their leaves annually in the autumn

Question 29

how does the loss of rainforests affect ecosystem services

Answer 29

takes away services such as cultural (beauty), provisioning (resources and traditional medicine), regulating, and supporting

Question 30

tropical areas from which cut flowers are imported

Answer 30

80% of roses are from warmer south america climates, transportation leads to high carbon emmisions

Question 31

where did the adena cultures live

Answer 31

ohio valley, southern eastern oh

Question 32

why is amaranth an important dietary component

Answer 32

hardy, protien right, and easy to cultivate. it was originally used in religious ceremonies by native americans. the grain is consumed

Question 33

number of plant species that have been identified as food sources by native americans

Answer 33

1649

Question 34

examples of common chokecherry uses

Answer 34

wine, dried, pies, jams, jellies

Question 35

thanksgiving menu of the og harvest celebration

Answer 35

wildfowl, corn, venision, wild turkey, goose, duck.

Question 36

how has the health of the river puma tribe influenced

Answer 36

by changing to a western diet, over 50 percent of the tribes population has diabetes