Exam 4 Flashcards
biodiversity hotspots
specific areas around the globe with especially high concentrations of endemic species that have experienced significant habitat loss
how have human activities led to the loss of biodiversity
CLIMATE CHANGE, farming, ranching, resource extraction, and human settlement
in situ conservation
conservation that happens inside a plants natural habitat
ex situ conservation
conservation that happens outside a plants natural habitat
benefits of biodiversity
intact forests provide clean air and buffer hydrologic systems against flooding and drought
native crop varieties provide insurance against disease and drought
abundant wildlife can attract tourists and boost the economies of developing nations
provide food, fuel, fiber, and shelter
herb
can be any form of a plant or plant product, including leaves, stems, flowers, roots, and seeds
herbal products
complex mixtures of organic chemicals that may come from any raw or processed part of the plant, including leaves, stems, flowers, roots, and seeds
how are herbs classified under current law
dietary supplements : anything that supplements the diet
aristolochia fangchi
chinese herbal product for weight loss, 43 patients developed end-stage renal failure
johns wart
interferes with numerous drugs metabolized by the cytochrome
ephedra
banned by the fda on april 12 2004: cause of nausea and palpitations
ways to ensure safe practices of herbal remedies
requiring manufacturers to register with the fda, mandating safety tests, accurate product labels
government organizations involved with food safety and production
FDA, USDA, CDC, FSIS
labeling regulations for genetically engineered crops
FDA requires labeling of GM foods only if the food has a safety property significantly different from what consumers would expect from the food.
organic product requirements
produced without excluded methods, ionizing radiation, or sewage sludge
alien species
any species, including its seeds, eggs, spores, or other biological material capable or propagating that species, that is not native to that ecosystem.
invasive species
an alien species who’s introduction does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health
disparity of profit between coffee producers and roasters
coffee farmers received less than 1% of the price of a cup of coffee sold. in 1989 brazil and the us ended their membership with the ICA collapsing the market
3 core principals of fair trade
social, environmental, and economic
free trade
emphasizes the reduction in barriers between countries and the elimination of preferential policies
fair trade
focuses on the wages and working conditions of labor in developing markets, fights to increase the wage rates of workers and improve working conditions
how are biomes classified
largest terrestrial divisions of the biosphere, climax communities for huge regions of land and are recognized by distinct vegetation and animal life
xerophytes
plants that have evolved adaptations to survive the xeric (dry) conditions of the desert
how have grasslands supported human needs
houses farmland, cattle, and resources. rhizomes allow the grass to quickly grow back in one to two days
