Exam 1

Question 1

Rauvolfia Serpantina

Answer 1

(snakeroot) has been used by indigenous cultures of generations (India and Nepal) to treat insanity, epilepsy, insomnia, and anxiety. Its chemical compounds were analyzed in the late 1940’s, eventually becoming synthesized to make reserpine medicine.

Question 2

How did Rauvolfia Serpentina earn its nickname

Answer 2

Earned the nickname “snakeroot” by ancient hindu people, who used it to treat snake bites. The root is also long and twisted, resembling a snake.

Question 3

Ethnobotany

Answer 3

The study of people and their use of plants

Question 4

Indigenous Peoples

Answer 4

refers to the people who follow traditional, non-industrialized lifestyles in areas they have occupied for generations

Question 5

Examples of indigenous peoples use of plants

Answer 5

Maori of New Zeland: gourds for drinking water
Sami: Moss for warmth

Question 6

Richard Schultes

Answer 6

Father of ethnobotany, spent 12 years cataloging rubber trees and identifying medicinal /psychoactive plants in the amazon.

Question 7

Ecosystem

Answer 7

a community of interacting services and their physical environment

Question 8

Ecosystem Services

Answer 8

any positive benefit that an ecosystem may provide to people

Question 9

Biodiversity

Answer 9

the variety of life found in a particular ecosystem

Question 10

4 types of ecosystem services

Answer 10

Provisioning (goods/services), regulating (climate/erosion control), cultural (beauty/recreation), and supporting (oxygen/long periods of time)

Question 11

Autotroph

Answer 11

organisms that are able to harvest the carbon they need directly from inorganic compounds such as co2

Question 12

Photoautotrophs

Answer 12

photosynthetic (use light to break up co2 into glucose)

Question 13

Photosynthesis

Answer 13

the process by which plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria use light energy to drive the synthesis of organic compounds)

Question 14

Pigment

Answer 14

any type of colored substance produced by the plant

Question 15

FORMULA

Answer 15

6CO2+12H2) + Light Energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2 +6H2O

Question 16

Greenhouse gasses

Answer 16

gasses that trap heat in the atmosphere

Question 17

carbon sequestration

Answer 17

the process in which atmospheric carbon dioxide is taken up by trees, grasses, and other plants through photosynthesis and is stored as carbon in biomass

Question 18

contribution of roots to plant growth and health

Answer 18

regulate climate, migrate wind velocities, reduce radiation from bare ground, and support our ecosystem/food chain

Question 19

components of the shoot system

Answer 19

conductive system consisting of xylem tissues (carry water and dissolved nutrients upward), and the phloem (transports products synthesized in the leaves and stems through the plants) and vascular cambium (protective layer of cells in wood plants)

Question 20

leaf modifications

Answer 20

runners or stolons, asexual plants, tubers (underground), rhizomes (aboveground)

Question 21

angiosperms

Answer 21

seed that forms in the ovary of a flower, surrounded by a protective fruit (MORE COMMON)

Question 22

gymnosperms

Answer 22

seeds formed in unisexual (naked) cones, utilizing seeds and pollen for reproduction

Question 23

perfect flower

Answer 23

1 flower housing both sexes

Question 24

imperfect flower

Answer 24

1 flower housing only one sex

Question 25

monoecious

Answer 25

separate male and female flowers on one plant

Question 26

dioecious

Answer 26

individual plants that bear only male or female flowers

Question 27

features of seeds that make them useful to humans

Answer 27

highly caloric+protein, produced in large quantities, can be harvested readily, sources of vegetable oils

Question 28

palynology

Answer 28

the study of pollen grains and other spores, especially as found in archeological or geological deposits

Question 29

pollination

Answer 29

the transfer of pollen from the male flower (anther) to the female flower (stigma)

Question 30

fertilization

Answer 30

the fusion of male gamets (sperm found in pollen) with female gamets (eggs found in ovules)

Question 31

seed dispersal methods

Answer 31

wind, animals, water, and plant (mechanically ejecting seeds)