Exam 4 Flashcards by Elias Cortez

dThe ____ is involved with aborption of nutrients, while the ___ provides nourishment to the innermost layer.

A. Mucosa; Submucosa

B. Submucosa; Muscularis

C. Muscularis; Submucosa

D. Serosa; Muscularis

A. Mucosa; Submucosa

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Which of the following sphincters is located between stomach and duodenum?

A. Pyloric Sphincter

B. Gastro esophageal sphincter

C. Ileocecal sphincter

D. Internal anal sphincter

A. Pyloric Sphincter

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Which of the following is an essential fatty acid?

A. Lipoic Acid

B. Linolenic Acid

Oleic Acid

D. None of the above

B. Linolenic Acid

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The disease, scurvy, is created due to the deficiency of which vitamin?

A. Thiamin

B. Niacin

C. Vitamin C

D. Riboflavin

C. Vitamin C

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Which of the following statements describe deciduous teeth?

A.Form between 6-32 months

B. Number around 20

C. Lost between 6-12 years of age

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

D. All of the above

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Which of the following enzymes is produced by the salivary glands?

A. Lipase

B. Pepsin

C. Amylse

D. Both A and C

C. Amylase

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Which of the following is not a region of the stomach?

A. Pyloric

B. Fundic

C. Cardiac

D. Gastric

E. All of the above are regions of the stomach

D. Gastric

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Which of the following does not describe the liver?

A. Serves as detoxification center

B. Produces Bile

C. Site glucogenesis

D. Site of metabolic reactions

E. All of the above describe the liver

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Which of the following is not a water soluable vitamin?

A. Vitamin A

B. Vitamin C

C. Niacin

D. Folic Acid

E. All of the above

A. Vitamin A

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Which of the following vitamins, when deficient can cause anemia and neural tube defects, as well as megaloblastic anemia?

A. Vitamin A

B. Folic Acid (Folate)

C. Niacin

D. Robiflavin

B. Folic acid (foalte)

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Which of the following compounds results in the inhibition of gastric secretions?

A. Low pH

B. Histamine

C. Gastrin

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

A. Low pH

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Which of the following is not result created by the release of a hormone from the duodenum?

A. Increased secretion of pancreatic juice

B. Increased release of bile

C.Increased secretion of salivary amylase

D. All of the above occur due to hormones from the duodenum

C.Increased secretion of salivary amylase

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The propelling movement at the stomach is caused by the _____ while the mixing movement is created by the _______.

A.longitudinal muscle; circular muscle

B. circular muscle; longitudinal muscle

C. Perpendicular muscle; longitudinal muscle

D. None of the above

A.longitudinal muscle; circular muscle

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Which of the following cranial nerves, plays a major role in regulating the activity of the organs ( viscera) of the digestive tract?

A. Glossophyarngeal nerve (IX)

B. Facial nerve (VII)

C. Vagus nerve (X)

D. All of the above influence organ activity equally

C. Vagus nerve (X)

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The hard,outer covering of a toothe is known as:

A.Root

B.Enamel

C.Crown

D.dentin

B.Enamel

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Which of the followintg is not a condition associated with water-soluble vitamin deficiency?

A. Beriberi

B.Osteomalacia/ Rickets

C. Scurvy

D. Magaloblastic anemia

B.Osteomalacia/ Rickets

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Which of the following statements describes an assential nutrient?

A. a nutrient that the body can produce

B. A nutrient that the body cannot produce

C. A nutrient that must be present in the diet

D. both A and C

E. both B and C

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How many essential amino acids are required by the body?

A. 8

B. 12

C. 20

D. 32

A. 8

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Which of the following enzymes does not break down carbohydrates?

A. amylase

B. trypsin

C. sucrase

d. all of the above breakdown carbohydrates

B. trypsin

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Fatty acids are absorbed from the intestinal mucosa in which of the following forms?

A. tryglycerides

B. micelles

C. glycerol

D. chylomicrons

B. micelles

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Bile is associated witht he breakdown of which of the following compounds?

A. Carbohydrates

B. proteins

C. nucleic acids

D. lipids

Which of the following statements is true in regards to secretion from the pancreas?

A. is stimulated by only cholecystokinin

B. Releases the enzyme pepsin

C. Serves as a target site for secretin

D. None of the above

C. Serves as a target site for secretin

Which of the following statemtns does not describe the digestion of carbohydrates?

A. Partial digestion at the stomach

B. Partial digestion at the mouth

C. primary site of digestion is the small intestine

D. digestion includes the enzyme amylase

A. Partial digestion at the stomach

Which of the following pairs in incorrect?

A. Contains a rich supply of blodd vessels- mucosa

B. contain two (2) muscle layers- muscularis

C. composed of simple columnar epithelial tissue for absorption- mucosa

D. Forms the visceral peritoneum- serosa

E. more than one above is incorrect

A. Contains a rich supply of blodd vessels- mucosa

Secretin is released form the _____ and causes the release of \_\_\_\_\_\_. ## Footnote A. duodenum; pancreas B. duodenum; bicarbonate ion c. pancreas; duodenum d. pancreas; bicarbonate ion

B. duodenum; bicarbonate ion

Which of the following enzymes is not produced by the pancreas? ## Footnote A. Chymotrypsin B. Trypsin C. Pancreatic amylase D. Pancreatic lipase E. All of the above are produced by the pancreas

E. All of the above are produced by the pancreas

Metabolism is defined as: A. the elimination of undigested material from GI tract B. passage of food along the GI tract C. the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within the body D. the breakdown of food by chemical and mechinical means

C. the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within the body

The hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) causes the ___ to release \_\_\_. A. gallbladder; bile B. pancreas; pancreatic enzymes C. pancreas; bicarbonate ion D. Both A and B D. all of the above

D. Both A and B

Newly absorbed nutrients are transported to the liver via the: A. hepatic portal vein B. hapatic artery C. inferior vena cava D. none of the above

A. hepatic portal vein

Which of the following is not a portion of the large intestine? A. Cecum B. colon C. Rectum D. ileum E. all of the above are part of the large intestine

D. ileum

Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factors are produced at the stomach by what type of cells? A. chief cells B. parietal cells C. G-Cells D. Mucus cells

B. parietal Cells

the hormones secretin is released in response to which of the following? A. Low pH in the stomach B. Low pH in the duodenum C. High concentration of lipids in the duodenum D. parasympathetic stimulation

B. Low pH in the duodenum

Which phase of eating is catergorized by sensory cues, such as vision, smell or thought of food? A. Cephalic B. Gastric C. intestinal D. None of the above

A. Cephalic

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is produced at the ___ and leased to the secretion of products into the \_\_\_\_ A. Pancreas; duodenum B. duodenum; pancreas C. duodenum; duodenum D. duodenum; gallbladder

C. duodenum; duodenum

Which of the following causes the release of cholecystokinin (CCK) to stimulate the pancreas? A. Low pH in the stomach B. low pH in the duodenum C. High concentration of lipids in the duodenum D. parasympathetic stimulation E. more than one above is correct

D. parasympathetic stimulation

Deficiency of which of the following vitamins results in prolonged bleeding (hemorrhage) and easy bruising? A. vitamin A B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin E D. Vitamin K

D.Vitamin K

Which sphincter is located between the stomach and esophagus? A. gastroesophageal sphincter B. pyloric sphincter C. ileocecal sphincter D. external anal sphincter

A. gastroesophageal sphincter

which of the following is not a process associated with digestion? A. ingestion B. absorption C. defecation D. nutrition

D. nutrition

Which of the following is not a function of the liver? A. storage of glycogen B. filtering of blood C. detoxification of compunds D. production of cholecystokinin

D. production of cholecystokinin

The food that is consumed by an organism is referred to as its \_\_\_. A. minerals B. vitamins C. diet D. nutrients

C. diet

the process of breaking up fat into smaller dropkets is known as: A. secretion B. emulsification C. defecation D. absorption

B. emulsification

The hormones secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) are similar in which of the folliiwng ways? A. both target the gallbladder B. both are secreted by the duodenum C. both cause the release of biocarobate ion D. none of the above

B. both are secreted by the duodenum

Muscosal folds found at the stomach are known as: A. microvilli B. rugae C. gastric pits D. gastric glands

B. rugae

Which of the following enzymes is not produced at the small intestine? A. amylase B. chymotrypsin C. pepsin D. none are produced by the small intestine

D. none are produced by the small intestine

The common bile duct is formed by the joining of the ___ from the liver and the ___ from the gallbladder. A. hepatic portal vien; cystic duct B. hepatic duct (common); cystic duct C. cystic duct; hepatic duct (common) D. cystic duct; hepatic portal vien

B. hepatic duct (common); cystic duct

Which of the following lipoproteins is known as "good" cholestrol? A. low density lipoprotein B. high density lipoprotein C. very low density lipoprotien D. intermediate density lipoprotein

B. high density lipoprotein

Which of the following compound can be absorbed across the intestinal vilii in its current form? A. amino acids b. polysaccharides C. lipsids D. all of the above E. none of the above

A. amino acids

which type of cells secretes pepsinogen at the stoamch/ A. mucus cells B. chief cells C. parietal cells D. G cells

B. chief cells

Which of the following hormones, released from the stomach, increase gastric secretions? A. cholecystokinin B. secretin C. gastrin D. bile

C. gastrin

in regards to nueral control of the digestive proceses, which of the following statemenst is true? A. stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system decreases secretion B. inhibition of the parasympatheic nervous system increases secretoin C. stimulation of the sympatheic nervous system increases secretion D. all of the above D. none of the above

D. none of the above