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A&P II Final Exam Review > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

During hemoglobin breakdown, heme is broken down into ______, a green pgiment, and then into _____, a yellow/orange pigment.

A. biliverdin; bilirubin

B. bilirubin; biliverdin

C Heme; Iron

D. None of the above

A

A. biliverdin; bilirubin

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2
Q

Which of the following diagnostic tests does not test for anemia?

A. Reticulocyte

B. Hematocrit

C. Differential white blood cell count

D. Complete blood count (CBC)

E. All of the above tests for anemia

A

C. Differential white blood cell count

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3
Q

Which of the following is an example of granular leukocyte which regulates allergic reactions via the release of histaminase?

A. Neutrophils

B. Thrombocytes

C. Basophils

D. Moncyte

E. None of the above.

A

E. None of the above.

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4
Q

Which of the following statements is true in regards to circulation?

A. Deoxygenated blood returns to the left atrium from the pulmonary veins.

B. Oxygenated blood is moved into the aorta from the right ventricle

C. Oxygenated blood returns to the right atrium from the vena cava

D. Deoxygenated blood is moved into the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle.

E. None of the above is correct

A

D. Deoxygenated blood is moved into the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle.

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5
Q

Which of the following statements is correct in regards to cardiac output?

A. Is defined as the amount of blood pumped by a single ventricle contraction.

B. Is calculated by multiplying heart rate by peripheral resistance

C. Is not involved with the determination of blood pressure

D. When increased, cause a decrase in blood pressure.

E. None of the above

A

E. None of the above

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6
Q

Which of the following blood types would contain Rh-factor and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies?

A. AB+

B. AB-

C. O+

D. O-

A

C. O+

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7
Q

The hormone erythropoietin is realsed from the _____ in response to decrease in oxygen concentration, known as ______.

A. kidneys/liver; animea

B. lungs; hypoxia

C. kidneys/liver; hypoxia

D. lungs; anemia

A

C. kidneys/liver; hypoxia

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8
Q

Thrombin, which is produced from _____, leads to the conversion of _____ into fibrin.

A. Prothrombin Activator; Fibrinogen

B. Prothrombin; Tissue Thromboplastin

C. Prothrombin; Fibrinogen

D. Fibrin; Fibrinogen

A

C. Prothrombin; Fibrinogen

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9
Q

Which of the following leukocytes is the most common found in blood?

A. Neutrophils

B. Eosinophils

C. Basophils

D. Lymphocytes

A

A. Neutrophils

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10
Q

The QRS complex (wave) on a electrocardiogram (ECG) refers to:

A. atrial depolarization

B. ventricular repolarization

C. ventricular depolarization

D. None of the above

A

C. Ventricular depolarization

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11
Q

Which of the following ECG abnormalities/condition pairs is incorrect?

A. Enlarged P Wave- atrail hypertrophy

B. Altered S-T segment- myocardial infarction

C. Enlarged R-Wave- ventricular hypertrophy

D. All of the above are correct

A

D. All of the above

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12
Q

Which protein component of plasma is involved the maintenance of osmotic pressure?

A. Aalpha and beta globulin

B. Albumin

C. Gamma globulin

D. Fibrogen

A

B. Albumin

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13
Q

Which specific component of the cardiac conduction system does the slowing of the nerve impulse occur?

A

D. Atrioventricular Node

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14
Q

which of the following is not a layer of the heart?

A. pericardium

B. endocardium

C. epicardium

D. myocardium

A

A. pericardium

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15
Q

Based off the diagram above, which of the following statements best reflects the events occuring at number 2?

A. Sodium ions are enetering the cell at a faster rate than potassium ions are leaving the cell.

B. Potassium ions are entering the cell at a faster rate than sodium ions are leaving the cell.

C. Potassium ions are leaving the cell at a faster rate than calcium ions are entering the cell.

D. Calcium ions are entering the cell at the same rate potassium ions are leaving the cell.

E. None of the above are correct.

A

D. Calcium ions are entering the cell at the same rate potassium ions are leaving the cell.

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16
Q

Based off the same diagram,which of the following statements best reflects the events occuring at number 1.

A. Opening of voltage- gated calcium channels

B. Opening of voltage-gated sodium channels

C. Openings of voltage-gated potassium channels

D. None of the above.

A

C. Openings of voltage-gated potassium channels

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17
Q

Which of the following is the valve located between the left ventricle and its corresponding blood vessel?

A. Aortic semiular valve

B. Tricuspid valve

C. Bicuspid (Mitral valve)

D. Pulmonary valve

A

A. Aortic semilunar valve

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18
Q

The cardiac monocyte has a threshold potential of ___ and a resting membrane potential of ___

A. -70 mV; -90 mV

B. -30mV; -90mV

C. -60mv ; -90mV

D. -40 mvV -60mV

A

A. -70 mV; -90 mV

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19
Q

The correct sequence of the cardiac system is best represneted by:

A. A.V. Node, S.A. Node, Bundle of His, Purkinje Fibers

B. S.A. Node, A.V. Node, Right and Left branches, Bundle of His

C. S.A. Node, A.V. Node, Purkinje Fibers, Right and Left bundle brances

D. SA Node, AV Node, Bundle of HIS, Right & Left brances, Purkinje fivers

A

D. SA Node, AV Node, Bundle of HIS, Right & Left brances, Purkinje fivers

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20
Q

Tissue death at the heart created by ___ is known as a ___

A. myocardial ischemia; angina pectoris

B. mycardial infarction; myocardial ischemia

C. myocardial infarction; myocardial ischemia

D. Myocardial ischemia; myocardial infarction

A

D. Myocardial ischemia; myocardial infarction

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21
Q

Durign the cardiac cycle, which fo the following is true when the pressure in the left ventricle is high?

A. Tricupsid valve is closed

B. Aortic semilunar valve is closed

C. Bicuspid valve is open

D. Pulmonary semilunar valve is open

E. Both A amd D

A

E. Both A amd D

Tricupsid valve is closed

Pulmonary semilunar valve is open

22
Q

The cardiovascular and vasomotor center is located in which portion of the brain?

A. Pons

B. Medulla Oblongata

C. Midbrain

D. Diencephalon

A

B. Medulla Oblongata

23
Q

An abnoramlly slow heart rate is known as ___

A. bradycardia

B. tachycardia

C. hypertension

D. None of the above

A

A. Bradycharida

24
Q

During coagulation, the extrinsic pathway is activated by _____, where the intrinsic pathway is activated by _____.

A. Blood exposed to a foreign particle; damage to tissue

B. Damage to tissue, blood exposure to foreign particle

C. Blood exposure to a foreign particle; activation of prothrombin

D. Damage to tissue; Hageman factor (XII)

A

B. Damage to tissue, blood exposure to foreign particle

25
Q

Which of the following statements does not describe an individual with type B+ blood?

A. Contains Rh factor

B. Lacks anti-Rh antibody

C. Contains anti-B antibody

D. Both A and B

E. None of the above

A

C. Contains anti-B antibody

26
Q

The left atrium and ventricle are separated by the ____ , while the left ventricle and the aorta are separated by the ____.

A. bicuspid valve/mitral; tricuspid valve

B. tricuspid valve; bicuspid valve

C. bicuspid/mitral valve; aortic semilunar valve

D. tricuspid valve; aortic semilunar valve

A

C. bicuspid/mitral valve; aortic semilunar valve

27
Q

Which of the following best represenst the pathway of circulation?

A. Pulmonary arteries, right atrium, right ventricle, aorta

B. Pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

C. Pulmonary arteries, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

D. Pulmonary arteries, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk

A

B. Pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

28
Q

The P-wave is an electrocardiogram (ECG) is related to which of the following?

A. Atrial contracton

B. Ventricular contraction

C. Atrial relaxation

D. None of the above

A

A. Atrial contracton

29
Q

The movement of compounds, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration is know as:

A. Active transport

B. Faciliated diffusion

C. Osmosis

D. Diffusion

A

D. Diffusion

30
Q

The second heart sound that is made during the cardiac cucle occurs due to which of the following

A. The closeing of the atrioventricular valves.

B. The opeing of the pulmonary valve.

C. The closing of the aortic and pulmonary valve.

D. The opening of the atrioventricular valves

A

C. The closing of the aortic and pulmonary valve.

31
Q

The insoluble protein that leads to the formation of a clot is derived from which of the following?

A. Fibrinogen (I)

B. Hageman Factor (XII)

C. Fibrin

D. Tissue thromboplastin (III)

A

A. Fibrinogen (I)

32
Q

Which of the following statements does not describe veins?

A. Are thin walled vessels

B. Carry blood high in carbon dioxide and low in oxygen

C. Carry blood under low pressure

D. Return blood to the heart

E. All of the above describe veins

A

E. All of the above describe veins

33
Q

Vasodilation of an arteriole will result in which of the following?

A. decrease in peripheral resistance

B. An increase in blood flow

C. A decrease in blood pressure

D. Only A and C

E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

34
Q

Receptor that detect changes in oxygen concentrations at the kideny and live are known as:

A. Baroreceptors

B. Chemoreceptors

C. Higher brain centers

D. None of the above

A

B. Chemoreceptors

35
Q

Which of the following terms represents the pain, sicj as tightness in the chest and diffuculty breathing, commonly seen with heart problems?

A. myocardial infarction

B. iscemia

C. hypoxia

D. angia pectoris

A

D. angia pectoris

36
Q

The general term, for a disorder that is characterized by a decrease in oxygen carrying capaity is know as:

A. anemia

B. hemophilia

C. sickle cell anemia

D. acute leukemia

A

A. anemia

37
Q

Which of the following blood types would be a compatible donor to an individual with type A- blood?

A. A+

B. B-

C. O+

D. AB-

E. None of the above

A

E. None of the above

38
Q

____ is the general term for a clot, where a(n) ____ is a close that travels from its site of origin.

A. thrombus; embolus

B. embolus;thrombus

C. anemia: embolus

D. None of the above

A

A. thrombus; embolus

39
Q

Vasoconstriction will result in which of the following?

A. Decrease in blood pressure

B. Decrease in peripheral resistance

C. Increase blood pressure

D. Both A and B

E. Both B and C

A

C. Increase blood pressure

40
Q

Which of the following hormones leads to as decrease in blood pressure?

A. Anti-diuertic hormone

B. Epinephrine

C. Atrial natriuretic peptides

C. Aldosterone

A

C. Atrial natriuretic peptides

41
Q

Which of the following steps of hemostasis is not directly involved with the formation of the clot?

A. Vasospasm

B. Coagulation

C. Platelet plug formation

D. None of the above

A

A. Vasospasm

42
Q

The clumping of erythrocytes due to an imcompatible blood transfusion is known as:

A. A protein

B. Agglutination

C. Antigens

D. Antibodies

A

B. Agglutination

43
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect in regards to blood pressure?

A. Is determind by multiplying cardiac output by peripheral resistance.

B. A decrease in blood vessel diameter leads to a decrease in blood pressure

C. a decrease in blood volume leads to a decrease in blood pressure

D. An increase in blood vessel length leads to an increase in blood pressure

E. All of the above are correct

A

B. A decrease in blood vessel diameter leads to a decrease in blood pressure

44
Q

An abnormally high erythrocyte count is known as:

A. anemia

B. polycythemia

C. hypoxia

D. infarction

A

B. polycythemia

45
Q

Which of the following is not a factor that influences stroke volume?

A. Afterload

B. Contractility

C. Preload

D. All of the above influence stroke volume

A

D. All of the above influence stroke volume

46
Q

Which of the following statements is correct in regards to artery and vein structure?

A. Arteries contain more laers/tunics than veins

B. Veins do not contain a tunica externa

C. Arteries have a thicker tunica media than veins

D. Veins do not contain smooth muscle

E. None of the above

A

C. Arteries have a thicker tunica media than veins

47
Q

Which of the following statements is true in regards to blood pressure?

A. Decreased blood viccosity will increase blood pressure

B. Decreased blood volume will decrease blood pressure

C. Decreased blood vessel radius will decrease blood pressure

D. None of the above are ture

E. More than one statement above is true

A

B. Decreased blood volume will decrease blood pressure

48
Q

Which of the following leads to an increse in blood pressure.

A. Decreased blood vessel radius

B. Increased blood viscosity

C. Increase blood volume

D. None of the above

E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

49
Q

Inhibitory impulses generated from the cardiac center will result in which of the following?

A. Increase in blood pressure due to increased S.A. Node activity

B. Increase in blood pressure due to decrease S.a> Node activity

C. Decrease in blood pressure due to increase S.A. Node activity

D. Decrease in blood pressure due to decreased S.A. Node activity

A

D. Decrease in blood pressure due to decreased S.A. Node activity

50
Q

Which of the following best demonstrates the organization of blood vessles during blood flow leaving the left ventricle?

A. Artery, vein, arteriole, venule, capillary

B. Vein, venule, capillary, artery, arteriole.

C. Artery, arteriole, capillary ,venule, vein.

D. Vein, venule, capillary, arteriole, artery.

A

C. Artery, arteriole, capillary ,venule, vein.

A&P II Final Exam Review (5 decks)

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