Exam 3: The Bureaucracy Flashcards by Karen Zuniga

Within the bureaucracy we have __(1)__ within those we have __(2)__

Agencies

Departments

Bureaucracy = agencies = departments

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Where is the bureaucracy located?

in the executive branch

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What is the bureaucracy?

a group of departments who oversee and carry out policies and programs established by congress and the president

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Why do we have a bureaucracy?

Allows congress and the president to do the jobs they are suppose to do

Allows for expertise

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What is an example of bureaucracy?

Food Stamps

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How is Food Stamps a part of bureaucracy?

Congress did not have time to help create the regulations and supervise food stamps. So congress created a department specifically to carry out the food stamp program.

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What article in the constitution established bureaucracy?

Article II states that the president can “appoint department heads”

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How did the Bureaucracy come to be?

Created by the president because Article II states that the president can “appoint department heads.”

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Who created the first departments?

George Washington

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What 3 departments did George Washington create?

department of state
department of treasury
department of war/ later change to department of defense

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What is the role of the department of state?

oversees our relationship with other countries

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what is the role of the department of treasury?

deals with money

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What is the role of the department of war?

helps oversee the day-to-day of the military

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Currently, how many departments are there in the united states?

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the departments within the bureaucracy are in the

CABINET of the executive Branch

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What is the role of the department of state?

oversees foreign policy/ diplomacy

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Who is the current secretary of state (dept. of state)?

Antony Blinken

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what is the role of the dept. of treasury?

oversees the printing of money and collecting of taxes

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What is an office within the dept. of treasury?

the IRS

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who is the secretary of treasury?

Dr. Janet Yellen

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What is the role of the the dept. of justice?

oversees US laws, crime prevention, investigations, and all things court related

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The head of the Department of justice is called the

attorney general

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Who is the Attorney General of the U.S?

Merrick Garland

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What is the role of the dept. of interior?

oversees land, water, and wildlife

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What are some offices within the Department of Interior?

1. U.S. Parks & wildlife 2. Indian Affairs

Who is the Secretary of Interior?

Deb Haaland (1st native american cabinet member)

What is the role of the dept. of commerce?

oversees economic growth and job creation

What is are some offices within the dept. of commerce?

US Census International Trade

What is the role of the dept. of labor?

oversees wages, unemployment, and work practices

What are some offices within the dept. of labor?

OSHA --> makes sure job sites are safe EEOC --> makes sure we have equal hiring practices

What is the role of the dept. of defense?

Oversees national security ABROAD

What are the branches of the dept. of defense?

ALL BRANCHES OF THE MILITARY * army *marines *air force

Who is the Secretary of Defense?

Lloyd Austin

What is the role of the dept. of Human and Health Services?

Oversees our public health and drug laws (medication laws)

What are some offices within the dept. of Human and Health Services?

CDC --> prevents the spread of diseases FDA --> approves medications Medicaid --> for children from low-income households Medicare --> for the elderly

What is the role of the dept. of Housing & Urban Development?

oversees the nation's housing needs

What is the role of the dept. of Agriculture?

oversees farming and food inspection

What is an office within the dept. of agriculture?

food stamps

what is the role of the dept. of transportation?

oversees the nations transportation needs

what are some offices within the dept. of transportation?

FAA --> planes FTA --> oversees public transportation

who is the Secretary of Transportation?

Pete Buttigieg

What is the role of the dept. of energy?

Oversees the nation's energy needs

What is the role of the department of education?

oversees our educational system (more involved in higher education)

What are the offices within the dept. of education?

1. Office of Civil Rights (title 9) --> deals with sexual harassment and gender equality 2. Office of Federal Student Aid --> FAFSA

Who is the Secretary of Education?

Dr. Miguel Cardona

What is the role of the dept. of Veterans Affairs?

oversees national cemeteries, Veterans rights, & VA hospitals (has a history of being corrupt)

What is the role of the dept. of homeland security?

Oversees our safety WITHIN OUR BORDERS

when was the dept. of homeland security established?

POST 9/11

Who established the dept. of homeland security?

George W. Bush

What are the offices within the dept. of homeland security?

Coast Guards: guard our waterways TSA: airport security FEMA: Aid Customs

What are the other 2 types of agencies?

1. independent/ regulatory agencies 2. government corporations

What are independent/ Regulatory agencies?

agencies that **FOCUS ON ONE SPECIFIC TOPIC**

What are some examples of independent/ regulatory agencies?

1. CIA: goal is intelligence 2. Environmental Protection Agency: focuses on the environment 3. NASA: Space exploration

What are government corporations?

govt. agencies that **perform a market based service** and **use the revenues to fund itself**

What are some examples of government corporations?

1. United States Postal Service: in order to use the post office you have to pay them 2. AM Tracks: trains --> in order to ride on a train you have to pay first

Government Corporations =

Instead of providing **it charges**

What are the roles of Departments/ Bureaucracy?

1. implement laws & polices 2. Make rules to carry out the law/ program 3. Enforce rules/ laws 4. Innovate: makes sure the the US is advancing

What are some examples of when the Bureaucracy innovated?

1. the dept. of defense created the internet 2. the CDC helped make COVID vaccines

What is an example of when the bureaucracy enforced laws?

if someone who is not eligible for food stamps but is still using them, they can face criminal charges

What is a Bureaucrat?

someone who works within the bureaucracy

What was the Spoils System?

When the president would appoint secretaries in exchange for political flavors. "if you help me get re-elected I will give you a position with the bureaucracy"

What was the major issue of the spoils system?

People were being put into positions that they had no experience in

When did people realize that the spoils system needed to be reformed?

when President Garfield got assassinated

The spoil system was reformed into the

Merit System

What did the merit system do?

it got rid of the spoils system

the Merit System is also called

1. Civil Service Reform Act 2. Pendleton Act

What did the Merit System establish?

Stated that 1. the president cannot fire anyone under the secretary (the president could ONLY fire the secretary) 2. anyone hired under the bureaucracy must either have **experience** or **pass a test** 3. Wanted secretaries who where knowledgeable in their expertise

Today under the merit system

The President **appoints a secretary** and the SENATE **confirms the appointment**

T/F: under the Merit System Presidents Today are no longer appointing people who are not knowledge in a field.

FALSE presidents still appoint people who do not have experience due to the role of the senate EX: Trumps secretary of education had NO experience in education Biden appointed Pete secretary of transportation and he had NO experience in transportation

Why are presidents still allowed to appoint secretaries who have no experience or knowledge.

due to senates role in the confirmation of the secretaries. Because the majority of senate is usually the same as the president party, they do not appose the presidents secretary appointment.