exam 3 terms

Question 1

codex

Answer 1

a quire of manuscript pages held together by stitching: the earliest form of book, replacing the scrolls and wax tablets of earlier times.

Question 2

tompe l’oeil

Answer 2

is an art technique involving realistic imagery in order to create the optical illusion that the depicted objects exist in three dimensions.

Question 3

iconography

Answer 3

symbolic representation, especially the conventional meanings attached to an image or images.

Question 4

concrete

Answer 4

volcanic ash mixed with gravel or sand with water, really hard

Question 5

forum

Answer 5

the marketplace or public square of an ancient Roman city, the center of judicial and business affairs and a place of assembly for the people.

Question 6

veristic

Answer 6

the theory that rigid representation of truth and reality is essential to art and literature, and therefore the ugly and vulgar must be included

Question 7

aqueducts

Answer 7

a conduit or artificial channel for conducting water from a distance, usually by means of gravity.

Question 8

plebeian art

Answer 8

a term describing poetic art

Question 9

gladiator

Answer 9

(in ancient Rome) a person, often a slave or captive, who was armed with a sword or other weapon and compelled to fight to the death in a public arena against another person or a wild animal, for the entertainment of the spectators.

Question 10

atmospheric perspective

Answer 10

creates illusion of distance

Question 11

parchment

Answer 11

the skin of sheep, goats, etc., prepared for use as a material on which to write.

Question 12

prefiguration

Answer 12

to show or represent beforehand by a figure or type; foreshadow.

Question 13

vellum

Answer 13

calfskin, lambskin, kidskin, etc., treated for use as a writing surface.

Question 14

basilican plan

Answer 14

public building for legal and other civic proceedings, rectangular plan, entrance on long side, christian architecture a church representing the roman basilica

Question 15

central plan

Answer 15

public building that is circular

Question 16

porphyry

Answer 16

a very hard rock, anciently quarried in Egypt, having a dark, purplish-red groundmass containing small crystals of feldspar.

Question 17

encaustic

Answer 17

painted with wax colors fixed with heat, or with any process in which colors are burned in.

Question 18

catacombs

Answer 18

an underground cemetery, especially one consisting of tunnels and rooms with recesses dug out for coffins and tombs.

Question 19

amphitheater

Answer 19

an oval or round building with tiers of seats around a central open area, as those used in ancient Rome for gladiatorial contests.

Question 20

koran

Answer 20

the sacred text of Islam, divided into 114 chapters, or suras: revered as the word of God, dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel, and accepted as the foundation of Islamic law, religion, culture, and politics.

Question 21

dormition

Answer 21

falling asleep figuratively, death

Question 22

calligraphy

Answer 22

neat style of writing

Question 23

muhammad

Answer 23

prophet of islam

Question 24

iconoclasm

Answer 24

The belief that there should not be religious pictures, generally seeing them as a form of idolatry. The term literally means icon-breaking. This view was state policy in the Byzantine Empire from 730 to 878 and from 815 to 843.

Question 25

mandorla

Answer 25

(in painting, sculpture, etc) an almond-shaped area of light, usually surrounding the resurrected Christ or the Virgin at the Assumption

Question 26

icon

Answer 26

a representation of some sacred personage, as Christ or a saint or angel, painted usually on a wood surface and venerated itself as sacred.

Question 27

chi rho

Answer 27

earliest form of christogram

Question 28

squinches

Answer 28

small arch, corbeling, or the like, built across the interior angle between two walls, as in a square tower for supporting the side of a superimposed octagonal spire.

Question 29

pendentives

Answer 29

any of several spandrels, in the form of spherical triangles, forming a transition between the circular plan of a dome and the polygonal plan of the supporting masonry.

Question 30

hypostyle hall

Answer 30

roofed building supported by columns

Question 31

continuous narration

Answer 31

story told by continuous pictures

Question 32

pantocrator

Answer 32

specific depiction of christ