Exam 3: Rheumatology Flashcards
What lab finding is a cardinal feature of SLE and present in 95% of patients with SLE, but is not specific to SLE?
ANA
What are the two subtypes of ANA?
Anti-dsDNA
Anti-Sm
Is Anti-dsDNA or Anti-Sm more common in patients with SLE?
Anti-dsDNA, rarely found in disorders other than SLE
What other lab should be ordered with RF so support a diagnosis of RA?
Anti-CCP
What antibodies are present with Sjögren’s syndrome?
Anti-Ro/SSA, Anti-la/SSB antibodies
Is ANA positive or negative in most Sjogrens patients?
ANA is positive 95% of the time
What elevated lab finding is a characteristic finding in PMR? What is commonly associated with this?
Elevated ESR and/or CRP
-Associated with giant cell temporal arteritis
What are the indications to perform an arthrocentesis?
- New onset acute mono arthritis
- suspected crystal induced arthritis
- suspected infection/septic arthritis
- inflammatory vs non-inflammatory arthritides
- unexplained joint, bursa, or tendon sheath swelling
What is the most feared complication of joint aspirations?
Septic joint
What are the possible complications of glucocorticoid joint injections?
- Septic joint
- tendon rupture
- nerve damage
- osteonecrosis
What are the normal characteristics of synovial fluid?
Highly viscous, clear, and essential acellular
What are the 3 things that can cause non-inflammatory joint effusions?
OA, trauma, and a vascular necrosis
What are the 5 things that can cause inflammatory joint effusions?
Septic arthritis, RA/SLE, spondyloarthritis, Lyme disease, and gout
What WBC on joint aspiration is considered inflammatory?
> 2000
What is the normal volume of synovial fluid in a joint space?
<3.5 ml
