Exam 1: CBC Flashcards
What can cause an elevated H/H?
Dehydration, COPD, polycythemia, and high altitude
What is it called when there is variation in size of RBCs?
Anisocytosis
What are some of the causes of leukocytosis?
Bacterial infection, inflammation, neoplasm, leukemoid response, and steroid use
What are some of the causes of leukopenia?
Viral infection, overwhelming bacterial infection, bone marrow failure, drug toxicity, and autoimmune disease
What does it mean when there is leukocytosis with a left shift?
Increased WBCs due to an increase in neutrophils and bands
What are the 5 kinds of WBCs?
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils
What are the 3 kinds of granulocytes?
Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
What is the most common PMN?
Neutrophils
What WBC is involved in allergic reactions and parasite infections?
Eosinophils
What WBC is involved in allergic reactions?
Basophils
What can cause neutrophilia?
Bacterial infections, inflammation, medications, stress, and trauma
What can cause neutropenia?
Medications (CHEMO), viral infections, aplastic anemia, overwhelming bacterial infection, radiation
What can cause eosinophilia?
Valley fever, leukemia, allergic reactions, autoimmune diseases, parasites, medications
What can cause eosinopenia?
Corticosteroids and acute inflammation or stress
How do eosinophils respond to bacterial or viral infections?
They dont
What can cause basophilia?
Myeloproliferative disease and leukemia
What can cause basopenia?
Acute allergic reactions and stress reactions
What are the two types of agranulocytes?
Lymphocytes and monocytes
What are the two types of lymphocytes and what do they do?
B and T cells, they fight acute viral infections
What type of WBC is a phagocytic cell capable of fighting bacteria?
Monocytes
What can cause lymphocytosis?
Viral infections (mono and hepatitis) and lymphocytic leukemia
What can cause lymphocytopenia?
Infections, corticosteroids, immunodeficiency, lymphoma, chemo, and radiation
What can cause monocytosis?
Chronic inflammatory disease, viral infections, parasites (malaria) and TB
What can cause monocytopenia?
Corticosteroid therapy
What do platelets do?
They initiate the coagulation cascade and are integral to hemostasis
What is polycythemia Vera?
A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by colonial proliferation of myeloid cells and an elevated RBC mass
