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Criminology 105 > Exam 3 Review > Flashcards

Exam 3 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Homicide

A

intentional killing of someone else

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2
Q

Undercontrol Offender

A

Quick tempers, low frustration tolerance, failure to internalize inhibitions; violent history

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3
Q

Overcontrol Offender

A

Extreme ridged behaviour inhibition against expression of aggressive impulses; explosive violence after build-up (Virgina Tech)

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4
Q

Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

A

block from anticipated goal; leads to aggression; leads to violence

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5
Q

Cognitive Neo-association Model

A

negative affects activates fight or flight; aversive event associates with aggression which can trigger fight; triggers aggressive response

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6
Q

General aggression model

A

Inputs (situational, individual factors - i.e watching a violent movie influences our arousal) Routes (arousal, affect, cognitions - i.e personality) Outcomes (behavioural response - i.e interpret situations leading to an outcome)

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7
Q

Serial Murder

A

Killing 2+ victims on separate occasions (cool-off period)
- target strangers (typically women)
-Motives: power, sex, or control
-violent fantasies

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8
Q

Mass Murder

A

Killing 4+ victims at a single location and time
- extrinsic pressure or internal forces
-carefully planned
-personal hatred/symbolic of discontent
-Socially isolated
-triggered by significant events

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9
Q

Spree Killer

A

2+ victims at one time in separate locations (continuous)

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10
Q

Macdonald Triad

A

3 Behaviours - Fire-Setting (arson, fascination with destruction, obsession with fire) - Enurisis (bedwetting - lack of self control; abuse; neglect) - Animal Cruelty (lack of empathy - can start with stuffies)

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11
Q

Mission-Oriented

A

Ronald M. Holmes - Targeting victims based on agenda/mission; victims deemed unworthy (prostitutes; homeless)

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12
Q

Visionary

A

Mental condition - delusions/hallucinations; Psychotic

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13
Q

Hedonistic

A

Kill for the thrill of it; or for the pleasure/enjoyment

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14
Q

Power-Control

A

Pleasure over the life-death control over victim - about the dominance

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15
Q

Moral Panic

A

Unnecessary community fear after serious event

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16
Q

Battered Woman Syndrome

A

Psychological Condition; Acts of physical/sexual aggression and other controlling behaviours; start feeling depressed, low self-esteem, powerless, leads to staying in situation

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17
Q

Learned Helplessness

A

Accept situation as unchangable no matter what they do; accept that she’s helpless

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18
Q

Cycle of Abuse

A

3 Stages: Tension Building- partner becomes intense, aggressive and angry (walk on eggshells)
Acute Battering: Abuse; sexually, physical and/or psychological
Contrition: Sorries; gifts; convince victim to stay; promises to change

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19
Q

Attachment Theory (Interpersonal Violence)

A

early attachment affects adult behaviour; insecure attachment paired with borderline personality traits = disorganized/fearful relationship, feeling inadequate

20
Q

Social Learning Theory (Interpersonal Violence)

A

Observes peers, family, media(objectifies woman, strong dominate, assertive, aggressive men)

21
Q

Opportunistic Rapist

A

Impulsive; motivated by opportunity from different event; immediate gratification; limited violence

22
Q

Pervasively Angry

A

connect to personality disorder; non sexualized anger; excessive violence; history of violence

23
Q

Sexually Motivated

A

deviant sexual fantasies; rehearsed, planned and organized

24
Q

Vindictive

A

high levels of anger espescially towards women; meant to embarrass, humiliate, degrade women

25
Q

Deviant Sexual Preference Theory

A

persistent deviant sexual fantasies; connected to paraphillia; classical and operant conditioning

26
Q

Cognitive Theories - Schemas

A

Schemas: way to organize and make sense of information in your brain
- sexual violence based on beliefs/schemas

27
Q

The Confluence Model
- Both Pathways

A

Hostile Masculinity: Have an attitude that accepts violence against women; leads to narcissism; low empathy; sexual aggression
Impersonal Sexual Orientation: From abusive household; sex = impersonal; non emotional thing; leads to sexual aggression

28
Q

Psychopharmacology

A

Branch of Psychology - studies effects of certain drugs on cognition, behaviour, and emotions

29
Q

Psychoactive Drugs

A

Drugs that act on the Central Nervous System

30
Q

Substance Misuse

A

Using drug for something else other than intended/prescribed use

31
Q

Licit vs Illicit drugs

A

Legal vs Illegal

32
Q

Psychological vs Physicological Addiction

A

Psychological: taking drug for the feeling
Phsyiological: way your body responds without the drug

33
Q

Tolerance

A

body gets used to drug; after regular drug use a higher dose is needed to achieve same effect.

34
Q

Withdrawl

A

Abrubtly stopping drug previously built tolerance too resulting in symptoms typically opposite of drugs effect

35
Q

Substance Use Disorder

A

Pattern of problematic drug use that causes significant distress/impairment

36
Q

Intoxication

A

Temporary/reversible durg induced state of disturbed cognition, emotion, and/or behaviour

37
Q

Stimulants
-Cocaine

A

type of drug that stimulates/elevates parts of CNS
- can be snorted, injected, or smoked, psychological dependence; increases dopamine; short-lived high; can induce toxic psychosis

38
Q

Hallucinagens

A

Different unrelated drugs that can all induce hallucinations - ex. LSD

39
Q

Depressants
-Alcohol
-Heroin

A

type of drug that stops/slows down/depresses CNS functions
Alcohol: rapid state of intoxication; mild disinhibition; sensuality; muscle relaxation; biphasic effects; increased energy
Heroin: brings to receptors; extreme euphoria within 7-8secs; clouded mental functions; physiological addiction

40
Q

Psychopharmacological Drive

A

Violence derived from acute and chronic effects of drug;

41
Q

Systemic

A

Violence derived from drug trades being illegal so people cannot turn to authorities for help - Organizational (someone mess up) Transactional (buyer and seller transaction) Third Party (prositution; peripheral of trade)

42
Q

Economic-Compulsive

A

Illegal behaviour to support drug habbits - theft; stealing - not typically violent unless under intense drug

43
Q

Disinhibition Theory (Alcohol)

A

-Impairs brain in areas responsible for inhibiting behaviours; selective (depends on perceived effects/circumstances) Active constraints (conscious effort) Passive Constraints (small conscious effort)

44
Q

Cognitive Inference

A

Impairs social cognition increasing likelihood of aggressive behavior; people must be consciously aware of there behaviour inorder to inhibit it (Selfawareness model) Interferes with ability to perceive social cues (Appraisal Disruption) (Attention-Allocation model) can’t pay attention to all social cues

45
Q

Expectancy Theory

A

what you believe shapes how you’ll behave

Criminology 105 (6 decks)

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