Exam 3 Practice Questions Flashcards
Who observed the possible relationship between the cowpox virus and smallpox virus, developing the first vaccination?
Edward Jenner
How are viruses grown in the laboratory?
in chick embryos
What is a capsid, with regard to viral structure?
the protein layer enclosing viral genome
What is the function of a glycoprotein in the viral envelope?
to allow a virus to attach to a host cell
A capsid that has icosahedral symmetry results in a virus with a ___________ shape.
Spherical
Which of the following is considered a spongiform encephalopathy?
Select one:
a. kuru
b. Chagas disease
c. parkinson’s disease
d. Huntington’s disease
Kuru
A bacteriophage attaches to its host cell during which phase of replication?
Select one:
a. Adsorption
b. Penetration
c. Maturation
d. Release
Adsorption
When viruses remain in a cell for a prolonged period of time, this is referred to as a _______________ infection.
Persistent
What portion of an enveloped virus binds to the host cell?
Glycoproteins
Which type of RNA virus has a nucleic acid composition that can immediately serve as mRNA?
positive strand RNA viruses
Retroviruses produce double stranded DNA from RNA. What name is given to the double stranded DNA molecule?
Proviral DNA
Bacteriophage DNA is injected into the host cell during which phase of replication?
Select one:
a. Adsorption
b. Penetration
c. Maturation
d. Release
Penetration
New viral assembly occurs during which phase of replication?
Select one:
a. Adsorption
b. Penetration
c. Maturation
d. Release
Maturation
What enzyme is produced to allow viral release from the host bacterial cell?
Select one:
a. Lysozyme
b. Catalase
c. Perioxidase
d. Amylase
Lysozyme
Following replication, how does a naked virus typically exit the cell?
by lysis
Viral transformation may lead to:
cancer
What is the name of the virus that causes smallpox?
variola
About how many cases of smallpox occurred globally in 2015?
None
Small flesh colored bumps are characteristic of which pox virus?
molluscum contagiosum
Which pox virus is used to vaccinate for smallpox?
vaccinia
Which poxvirus typically causes lesions on the hands and fingers?
orf
What is the most common route of transmission of CMV?
sexual contact
In AIDS patients CMV can cause ______________.
retinitis
What are the two routes of transmission for the varicella zoster virus?
direct contact with vesicle fluid
respiratory secretions
What is the site of latency for the VZV virus?
neurons
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a rash in a single dermatome?
shingles (zoster)
Infections due to HSV-1 are typically:
the oral cavity
Infections due to HSV 2 are typically:
genital infections
The lesions known as herpetic whitlow are frequently observed on:
the fingers
Who contracts herpes gladiatorum?
wrestlers
What is the site of latency for the Epstein-Barr virus?
B lymphocytes
An overactive immune response to EBV results in which pathology?
mononucleosis
Lack of immune response to EBV results in which pathology?
lymphoma
What is the mode of transmission of EBV?
oral secretions
Roseola is due to infection with:
HHV 6
A child with a fever that persists for 3 days develops a rash that does not itch. What is the likely diagnosis?
roseola
HHV 8 is responsible for:
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Which of the following is a common way to contract a human papillomavirus infection?
Select one:
a. sexual contact
b. fecal- oral transmission
c. respiratory transmission
d. injection drug use
sexual contact
Some strains of HPV can transform cells leading to _______________.
cervical cancer
Common warts seen on the hands or fingers are typically the result of HPV ____________________.
on contaminated articles like towels
Viruses known as JC and BK are which type of viruses?
polyomavirus
Fifth disease, also sometimes called “slapped cheek” disease is caused by ________________.
parvovirus
What is the function of the N (neuroaminidase) glycoprotein spike?
to aid in viral exit from the host cell
What is the function of the H (hemagglutinin) glycoprotein spike?
to allow the virus to attach to the host cell
What is the mode of transmission for the rubeola (measles) virus?
respiratory
On of the hallmarks of measles is the whitish patches inside the oral cavity, what are these mucosal patches called?
Koplick’s spots
Encephalitis is an occasional complication of which of the following viruses, occurring in approximately 1 in 1000 cases?
rubeola virus
Parainfluenza viruses are responsible for which of the following conditions?
croup
Mumps is an infection of the ________________
salivary glands
What is the mode of transmission for the mumps virus?
respiratory
Orchitis is a somewhat common complication of mumps. What is orchitis?
testicular swelling
What is the mode of transmission for the rubella virus?
respiratory
A baby born with hearing loss, mental retardation and heart defects may be suffering from:
congenital rubella
A 31 years old male patient who is HIV + complains of fever and loss of peripheral vision. A blood specimen is submitted to detect viral antigen. Which virus is likely causing these symptoms?
CMV (cytomegalovirus)
Can cause retinitis in the eye of up to 15% of AIDS patients
A 72 year old woman complains of a burning, painful rash on her chest. A physical exam reveals a vesicular rash limited to the dermatomal area of T7-T8. What is the likely diagnosis?
HZV
Latent varicella virus in neurons is reactivated
A 22 year old sexually active man complains of warts on his penis. The man is tested fro HPV, in addition to his female partner. What might she be at risk for developing is she is positive?
Cervical cancer
A 19 year old college student presents with fever, very painful sore throat and headache. Physical exam reveals enlarged lymph nodes and a slightly enlarged spleen. What virus might be responsible for this?
Epstein Barr virus
Becomes latent in B cells
At a preferment evaluation, a 31 year old pregnant woman reports pain on urination and a burning itching sensation in the genital area. What virus is most likely causing these symptoms?
HSV-2 (could also be HSV 1 but unlikely)
She should not have a vaginal delivery
A 16 year old male present with tenderness and swelling of the left testis. He also reports difficulty swallowing and on exam, his salivary glands are enlarged. What virus is causing his symptoms?
Mumps
A 20 year old college student presents with fever, cough and conjunctivitis. Physical exam reveals pale patches in the oral mucosa and a rash on her face, spreading to her trunk. She is unvaccinated due to personal beliefs, What is her likely diagnosis?
Measles (disease) which is cause by infection with rubeola (virus)
