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Physio > Exam 3 Practice Exam > Flashcards

Exam 3 Practice Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following granulocytes is active during inflammation?

A

Basophils

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2
Q

The P wave on an EKG lasts around

A

0.08-0.1 seconds

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3
Q

The contraction of the pulmonary valve can be heard in the

A

left side in the 2nd intercostal space

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4
Q

Which of the following treatments would be the next step in treating a patient with leukemia following radiation?

A

stem cell transplantation

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5
Q

What percentage of blood is taken to the GI tract for absorption?

A

25%

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6
Q

Red blood cells containing which hemoglobin subtype is abnormal

A

S and C

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7
Q

Beta 1 receptors on the sympathetic system have what type of effect?

A

Positive inotropic

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8
Q

Which of the following is most likely to be secreted if you are stranded in a hot desert?

A

ADH

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9
Q

The tunica intima is composed of

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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10
Q

What is the function of class III agents?

A

Block potassium channels

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11
Q

What is the glomerular filtration rate in males?

A

125 mL/min

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12
Q

V5 and V6 detect the function of the

A

anterior and lateral wall of the left ventricle

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13
Q

Which of the following defines the relative refractory period?

A

If there is a second stimulus during phase 3, the cell membrane can accept the stimulus and show a reaction to it

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14
Q

What percentage of sodium is reabsorbed by the proximal tubules?

A

67%

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15
Q

The “lub” sound is produced by the

A

closure of the AV valve

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16
Q

Dead red blood cells are converted to _____________ after _______ days

A

bilirubin; 120 days

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17
Q

Deficiency of folic acid/vitamin B12 is a characteristic of which of the following anemias?

A

Macrocytic

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18
Q

The pressure that exists in the ventricles during contraction is known as

A

Systolic pressure

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19
Q

Which phase of cardiac action potential through the Purkinje system is characterized by a decrease calcium conductance and an increase in potassium conductance?

A

Phase 3

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20
Q

In metabolic acidosis there is

A

low levels of HCO3- and high levels of H+

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21
Q

Conduction velocity is fastest through the

A

purkinje fibers because they’re thin

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22
Q

A second-degree AV node block is associated with

A

P wave w/o associated QRS

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23
Q

What is the function of alpha and beta globulin proteins?

A

Transport lipids and fat soluble vitamins

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24
Q

Which of the following is an angiotensin II receptor blocker?

A

Valsartan

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25
Q

Which of the following are branches of the renal artery?

A

Interlobar artery, Cortical artery, Arcuate artery, Radial artery

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26
Q

Platelets are derived from

A

Megakaryoblasts

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27
Q

What is the hematocrit level in females?

A

37-47%

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28
Q

Renin is secreted in response to

A

Low blood pressure

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29
Q

Which of the following phases is present in ventricular action potential but not in that of the SA node?

A

Phase 2

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30
Q

When the right atrium contracts and releases blood into the right ventricle it goes through the

A

Tricuspid valve

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31
Q

Closure of the common bile duct is a characteristic of which of the following?

A

Posthepatic jaundice

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32
Q

In which of the following phases is the pressure of the ventricles very low and the amount of blood in the ventricles around 140 mL?

A

Isovolumetric contraction

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33
Q

During cell respiration, the combination of CO2 and H2O in the proximal tube makes

A

carbonate acids

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34
Q

What is pulse pressure?

A

The difference between systolic and diastolic pressures

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35
Q

Which of the following are known as resistance vessels?

A

arterioles

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36
Q

What is the function of thrombocytes?

A

blood clotting (platelets)

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37
Q

Oversecretion of erythropoietin leads to

A

Polycythemia (polyvera)

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38
Q

The automaticity of the heart is defined by the

A

SA node

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39
Q

The pressure that exists in the capillaries is approximately

A

20 mmHG

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40
Q

characteristics of supraventricular arrhythmia?

A

deformed P wave in atrial extrasystole, short QRS in nodal extrasystole, negative P wave in nodal extrasystole, abnormal impulses through the AV node

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41
Q

___________ _____________ is due to the mitral valve being unable to open

A

mitral stenosis

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42
Q

A heart rate of above 200 beats per minute is defined as

A

flutter

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43
Q

Which of the following describes a positive chronotropic effect?

A

increase in heart rate

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44
Q

Which of the following granulocytes is active during parasitic or allergic reactions?

A

Eosinophils

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45
Q

Which of the following granulocytes is active during bacterial infection?

A

neurophils

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46
Q

The QRS complex on an EKG lasts around

A

0.06-0.1 seconds

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47
Q

The PR interval on an EKG lasts around

A

0.12-0.2 seconds

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48
Q

The QT interval on an EKG lasts around

A

0.2-0.4 seconds

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49
Q

The contraction of the aorta valve can be heard in the

A

right side in the 2nd intercostal space

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50
Q

The contraction of the mitral (bicuspid) valve can be heard in the

A

left side in the 5th intercostal space

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51
Q

The contraction of the tricuspid valve can be heard in the

A

right side in the 5th intercostal space

52
Q

Which of the following would make it worse in treating a patient with leukemia following radiation?

A

immunosuppressants

53
Q

Leukemia treatment steps

A

chemo, interferon-alpha therapy, radiation, stem cell transplantation

54
Q

What percentage of blood is taken to the GI tract for reabsorption?

A

25%

55
Q

What percentage of blood is taken to the kidneys for absorption?

A

25%

56
Q

What percentage of blood is taken to the skeletal muscles for absorption?

A

25%

57
Q

Red blood cells containing which hemoglobin subtype is normal

A

A

58
Q

Red blood cells containing which hemoglobin subtype is sickle cell

A

S

59
Q

chronotropic

A

change in heart rate

60
Q

inotropic

A

contractility, dialation

61
Q

dromotropic

A

change in conduction velocity

62
Q

vasoconstriction

A

does not allow for increased heart rate

63
Q

aldoesterone

A

sensitive to low blood pressure

64
Q

ANP

A

sensitive to high blood pressure

65
Q

ADH

A

sensitive to H2O

66
Q

the tunica media is composed of

A

smooth muscle

67
Q

the tunic externa is composed of

A

connective tissue

68
Q

What is the function of class IV cidocaine agents?

A

block sodium channels

69
Q

What is the function of class IV verapamil agents?

A

block calcium channels

70
Q

What is the function of class II propranalol agents?

A

beta blockers

71
Q

What is the glomerular filtration rate in females?

A

115 mL/min

72
Q

V1 and V2 detect the function of the

A

lateral wall of the right ventricle

73
Q

V3 and V4 detect the function of the

A

interventricular system

74
Q

which of the following defines the effective refractory period

A

if there is a second stimulus during phase 1 or 2, the cell membrane can accept the stimulus and will not show a reaction to it

75
Q

which of the following defines the absolute refractory period

A

if there is a second stimulus during phase 0, the cell membrane can not accept the stimulus or show a reaction to it

76
Q

the “dub” sound is produced by the

A

closure of the semilunar valve

77
Q

blood loss due to trauma

A

normocytic

78
Q

iron deficiency

A

microcytic

79
Q

destruction of bone marrow

A

aplastic

80
Q

the pressure that exists in the ventricle during relaxation is known as

A

diastolic pressure

81
Q

difference between systolic and diastolic

A

pulse pressure

82
Q

Which phase of cardiac action potential through the Purkinje system is characterized by an increase in sodium conductance?

A

Phase 0

83
Q

Which phase of cardiac action potential through the Purkinje system is characterized by a decrease in sodium conductance

A

Phase 1

84
Q

Which phase of cardiac action potential through the Purkinje system is characterized by a increase in calcium conductance and an increase in potassium conductance?

A

Phase 2

85
Q

Which phase of cardiac action potential through the Purkinje system is characterized by a decrease in potassium conductance

A

Phase 4, back to equilibrium

86
Q

ECG lead 1 is between the

A

left arm and right arm electrodes

87
Q

ECG lead 2 is between the

A

right arm and left leg electrodes

88
Q

ECG lead 3 is between the

A

left arm and left leg electrodes

89
Q

in metabolic alkalosis there is

A

high levels of HCO3- and low levels of H+

90
Q

conduction velocity is slowest through the

A

AV node

91
Q

a first degree AV node block is associated with

A

a PR interval that exceeds 0.2 seconds

92
Q

a third degree AV node block is associated

A

no communication between atria and ventricle

93
Q

diuretics

A

hydrochlorothiazide

94
Q

Ca2+ channel blocker

A

felodipine, benidipine

95
Q

ACE inhibitor

A

captopril, ramipril

96
Q

B- adrenergic blocker

A

propranolol

97
Q

female blood volume

A

4-5 liters

98
Q

male blood volume

A

5-6 liters

99
Q

what is the hematocrit level in males

A

42-52%

100
Q

ADH is secreted in response to

A

highly concentrated blood

101
Q

ANP is secreted in response to

A

high blood pressure

102
Q

Phase 0, 3, and 4 are all in

A

SA node

103
Q

characteristics of a myocardial infarction

A

high levels of lactate dehydrogenase and myoglobin, depressed or elevated ST segment on ECG, increase levels of troponin T

104
Q

when the left atrium/left ventricle contracts and releases blood into the right ventricle it goes through the

A

mitral valve

105
Q

when the right ventricle/lungs contracts and releases blood into the right ventricle it goes through the

A

pulmonary valve

106
Q

when the left ventricle/body contracts and releases blood into the right ventricle it goes through the

A

aortic valve

107
Q

hemolysis, damaged RBC’s

A

prehepatic jaundice

108
Q

liver damage

A

hapatic jaundice

109
Q

cardiac cycle steps

A

isovolumetric contraction, ventricular ejection, isovolumetric relaxation, ventricular filling

110
Q

inreased Psi, around 70 mL ventricles (ESV)

A

isovolumetric relaxation

111
Q

decreased psi + decreased mL

A

ventricular ejection

112
Q

increased psi, around 140 mL

A

ventricular filling

113
Q

the highest arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle

A

Systolic

114
Q

the lowest arterial pressure during cardiac cycle

A

Diastolic

115
Q

the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels

A

blood pressure

116
Q

Capacitance vessels

A

veins

117
Q

conduction system order

A

SA node, AV node, bundle of his, purkinje fibers

118
Q

the pressure that exists in the arteriole is approximately

A

50 mmHG

119
Q

the pressure that exists in the aorta is approximately

A

120 mmHG

120
Q

the pressure that exists in the veins is approximately

A

4 mmHG

121
Q

a heart rate of 120 bpm

A

tachycardia

122
Q

a heart rate of less than 60 bpm

A

bradycardia

123
Q

a heart rate of 250 bmp

A

fibrillation

124
Q

positive dromotropic

A

increased conduction velocity

125
Q

positive chronotropic

A

increasinf firing rate of SA node

Physio (7 decks)

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